Interleukin-18 is an inactive precursor which lacks a signal peptide, it has a role in regulating retinal pathological angiogenesis. It also inhibits experimental choroidal neovascularization (CNV) via interferon-γand thrombospondin-1. Currently little is known about its mechanisms of inhibition for CNV, may be speculated to be due to effects of anti-angiogenesis, down-regulates vascular permeability and lower vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels via directly acting on the vascular endothelial cell and epithelial cells. Exogenous administration of mature recombinant interleukin-18 has no adverse effect on retinal pigment epithelial cell viability. In addition, the anti-VEGF role of interleukin-18 is tested to be safe and effective for humans. Interleukin-18 alone or in combination with anti-VEGF shows to be a good prospect for improving the prognosis of experimental CNV. However, more large clinical studies are required to confirm the exact efficacy of interleukin-18 for CNV.
【Abstract】Objective To study the influence of early hemofiltration on plasma concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β and their transcription levels in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) pigs. Methods The model of SAP was induced by retrograde injection of artificial bile into pancreatic duct in pigs. Animals were divided randomly into two groups: SAP hemofiltration treatment group (HF group, n=8) and SAP no hemofiltration treatment group (NHF group, n=8). TNF-α and IL-1β plasma concentrations were measured by ELISA. Their transcription levels in the tissues of pancreas, liver and lung were assayed by semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results After hemofiltration treatment, the plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-1β increased gradually but were lower than those of NHF group at the same time spot 〔at 6 h after hemofiltration treatment, (618±276) pg/ml vs (1 375±334) pg/ml and (445±141) pg/ml vs (965±265) pg/ml, P＜0.01〕. At 6 h after hemofiltration treatment, the transcription levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in tissues of pancreas, liver and lung were lower than in NHF group (57.8±8.9 vs 85.7±17.4, 48.0±8.1 vs 78.1±10.2, 46.2±9.6 vs 82.4±10.5; 55.9±9.0 vs 82.2±15.7, 40.6±9.2 vs 60.0±10.6, 35.7±9.8 vs 58.1±9.3, P＜0.01). Conclusion Early hemofiltration can reduce TNF-α and IL-1β plasma concentrations and transcription levels in SAP pigs.
Interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-2(IL-2) and interleukin-6(IL-6) activities and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) contents in plasma from patients with different sites of cancers as well as controls using bioassay technique were studied. The results showed that the levels of IL-1,IL-2,IL-6 s from patients with different sites of cancer were decreased remarkably in comparision with controls and the contents of TNF from patients with different sites of cancers increased significantly. But the difference between different sites of cancer was not statistically significant. The data suggest that the variations in the contents of TNF and the levels of interleukins may be related to the development of these caner patients.
Objective To investigate the changes and clinical significance of cytokines and inflammatory species in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). Methods Thirty AECOPD patients admitted in the Department of Respiratory Medicine from March 2015 to August 2016 (smokers and passive smokers) and 21 healthy volunteers (non-smokers) were recruited in this prospective study. General information and EBC were collected from each subject. The concentrations of interleukin-17 (IL-17), IL-10, and 8-isoprestane (8-iso-PG) in EBC were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, meanwhile lung function test was performed in the AECOPD patients. Results Both IL-17 (ng/L) and 8-iso-PG (ng/L) levels increased significantly in the AECOPD patients before and after treatment compared with the healthy controls (10.74±1.02 and 5.65±0.88 vs. 3.36±0.61, 12.35±2.25 and 9.65±1.22 vs. 6.93±1.15, P<0.05). However, IL-10 level significantly decreased in the AECOPD patients before and after treatment compared with the healthy controls (1.68±0.17 and 2.59±0.31 vs. 2.85±0.43, P<0.05). Both IL-17 and 8-iso-PG levels in the AECOPD patients were significantly lower after treatment than those before treatment (5.65±0.88 vs. 10.74±1.02, 9.65±1.22 vs. 12.35±2.25, P<0.05), but IL-10 level were significantly higher aftertreatment than those before treatment (2.59±0.31 vs. 1.68±0.17, P<0.05). FEV1, FVC, and FEV1%pred improved significantly after treatment (P<0.01). FEV1, FEV1/FVC and FEV1%pred were not significantly correlated with IL-17, IL-10 or 8-is-PG levels. Conclusion IL-17, IL-10 and 8-iso-PG may be involved in the pathogenesis of COPD, and may be important biomarkers in monitoring airway inflammation and oxide stress during the treatment of AECOPD patients.
ObjectiveTo investigate the inhibitory effects of L arginine (L arg) on systemic inflammatory response after cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB).MethodsFifty one patients with rheumatic heart disease were randomly divided into two groups: L arg group ( n =25) and control group ( n =26). For L arg group, L arg at 300mg/kg was given during operation. Plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor α(TNF α),interleukin 1β(IL 1β)and interleukin 10(IL 10) were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay technique at baseline(before operation) and at 2,4,8,24 and 48 h after CPB termination.ResultsTNF α,IL 1β and IL 10 levels were increased in both groups after CPB ( P lt;0.05); levels of TNF α, IL 1β returned to normal at 48 h after CPB; In L arg group, TNF α and IL 1β levels were significantly lower than those in control group at 4,8 and 24 h after CPB ( P lt; 0 05). No significant difference were detected in IL 10 between groups( P gt;0.05).ConclusionL arg may decrease plasma levels of TNF α and IL 1β after CPB, it implies L arg may inhibit inflammation induced by CPB.
ObjectiveTo investigate the expressions of IL-10,tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in serum and lung tissue of COPD rats in order to elucidate the potential mechanism of airway inflammation. MethodsForty-five healthy adult male SD rats were randomly divided into a COPD model group (n=30) and a normal control group (n=15). The COPD rat model was established by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and exposure to cigarette smoke for 28 days. The concentrations of IL-10,TNF-α and IFN-γ in serum and lung tissue were measured by ELISA. ResultsTNF-α level of serum and lung tissue in the COPD model group increased significantly compared with the control group(P<0.05),while the levels of IFN-γ and IL-10 decreased significantly[serum:(44.68±8.67) ng/L vs. (75.96±10.59) ng/L;lung tissue:(64.55±9.03) ng/L vs. (94.06±8.71) ng/L,P<0.01]. The level of IL-10 in serum and lung tissue was negatively correlated with TNF-α (serum:r=-0.67,lung tissue:r=-0.80,P<0.01). The level of IL-10 in serum and lung tissue was positively correlated with IFN-γ (serum:r=0.64,lung tissue:r=0.72,P<0.01). The level of IL-10 in serum and lung tissue was negatively correlated with the percentage of neutrophils(serum:r=-0.70,lung tissue:r=-0.67,P<0.01). ConclusionIn COPD rats,down regulation of IL-10 plays an important role in regulation of airway inflammation.
Objective To investigate the changes of 8-isoprostane ( 8-isoPG) , leukotriene B4 ( LTB4 ) , TNF-α, IL-10 and hypersensitive C-reactive protein( Hs-CRP) in serum of patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome ( OSAHS) . Methods Forty OSAHS patients ( 20 cases underwent therapeutic Auto-CPAP or UPPP treatment for over three months) and 30 normal controls were included in the study. Serum 8-isoPG, LTB4, TNF-α and IL-10 were measured by ELISA. Hs-CRP was detected by automatic biochemistry analyzer. Results ①The serum levels of 8-isoPG, LTB4, TNF-α, Hs-CRP were significantly higher and IL-10 was considerably lower after sleep in 40 OSAHS patients [ ( 36. 59 ±14. 89) ng/L, ( 14. 75 ±6. 25) μg/L, ( 1022. 13 ±97. 57 ) ng/L, ( 2. 46 ±1. 58 ) mg/L, ( 4. 68 ±3. 42) ng/L, respectively ] than those in the normal controls [ ( 19. 91 ±7. 76 ) ng/L, ( 1. 43 ±0. 72) μg/L, ( 540. 00 ±78. 70) ng/L, ( 0. 30 ±0. 16) mg/L, ( 7. 41 ±4. 49) ng/L, respectively] ( P lt;0. 01) . ② Serum 8-isoPG, LTB4, TNF-α, and Hs-CRP levels elevated gradually following the severity of OSAHS while serum IL-10 level was decreased( P lt; 0. 05) . ③Serum 8-isoPG, LTB4, TNF-α, and Hs-CRP levels in OSAHS patients after sleep were correlated positively with AHI ( r =0. 863, 0. 746, 0. 868, 0. 842,all P lt; 0. 01) and negatively with LSpO2 ( r = - 0. 623, - 0. 524, - 0. 618, - 0. 562, all P lt; 0. 01) and MSpO2 ( r = - 0. 654, - 0. 573, - 0. 537, - 0. 589, all P lt;0. 01) . SerumIL-10 level in OSAHS patients was correlated negatively with AHI ( r = - 0. 722, P lt; 0. 01) and positively with LSpO2 ( r = 0. 564, P lt; 0. 01) and MSpO2 ( r = 0. 505, P lt; 0.01) . ④ After three months of auto continuous positive air pressure( Auto-CPAP) or uvulopalatopharyngoplasty( UPPP) treatment, serum 8-isoPG, LTB4, TNF-α, and Hs-CRP levels of the OSAHS patients after sleep were obviously decreased [ ( 23. 10 ±9. 54) ng/L, ( 4. 02 ±2. 15) μg/L, ( 810. 25 ±135. 85) ng/L, ( 0. 79 ±0. 60) mg/L, respectively] , and serum IL-10 level was obviously increased[ ( 6. 93 ±3. 91) ng/L] ( P lt; 0. 01) . ⑤ serum 8-isoPG and IL-10 had no statistics difference and serum LTB4, TNF-α, Hs-CRP levels were higher in OSAHS underwent therapy compared with the normal controls. Conclusions The results suggest that inflammation and oxidative stress are activated and antiflammatory cytokines are decreased in the OSAHS patients. The serum levels of 8-isoPG, LTB4 , TNF-α, Hs-CRP and IL-10 may prove to be useful in severity monitoring and intervention efficacy judgement in OSAHS patients.
ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of interleukin-18（IL-18）and signal transducers and activators of transcription 5（STAT5）in retina of 4-24-week-old diabetic rats, and explore the potential molecular mechanisms involved in diabetic retinopathy (DR).MethodsRetinal gene expression profile of healthy and 8-week-old diabetic rats was established with restriction fragment differential displaypolymerase chained reaction (RFDD-PCR), and the differences was analyzed by bioinformatics. IL-18 and STAT5 were filtrated as the candidate genes of DR. The expression of IL-18 and STAT5 in retina of diabetic rats with the age of 4, 8, and 24 weeks was observed by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction（RT-PCR）.ResultsThe result of RFDD-PCR showed:expression of IL-18 was higher in healthy retina than that in diabetic one; expression of STAT5 was not found in healthy rats but in diabetic ones. The result of RT-PCR showed：compared with the normal, high expression of IL-18 was found in 4-week diabetic retina, reduced in 8-week one, and decreased to the lowest in 24-week one. The expression of STAT5 was not observed in healthy or 4week diabetic retina, but occurred in 8-week one, and increased in 24-week one. ConclusionThe expression of IL-18 and the activation of STAT5 may relate to the occurrance of DR. The expression of IL-18 doesn′t depend on the activation of STAT5. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2005,21:258-260)
OBJECTIVE: To study the nerve growth factor (NGF) expression and the influence of IL-1 alpha or IL-1 beta on NGF secretion in newborn rat astrocytes. METHODS: Astrocytes obtained from the brain cortex of newborn rats were cultured and purified, and they were divided into three groups, experimental, control and blank groups. IL-1 alpha or IL-1 beta were added into the experimental group with 25, 50 and 100 U/ml, each group was cultured for 24, 48 or 72 hours, and then the NGF contents in cultured astrocytes suspension media were measured by a two-cite enzymelinked immunoserbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: Astrocytes could secret NGF by themselves and each concentration of IL-1 alpha or IL-1 beta media at any testing time could enhance NGF secreting in newborn rat astrocytes in certain degrees. The effects of IL-1 beta were ber than IL-1 alpha, the best effect in the unit time was observed in IL-1 beta with 50 U/ml for 24 hours. CONCLUSION: Astrocytes can express NGF, and IL-1 alpha or IL-1 beta can enhance the NGF expression in newborn rat astrocytes.
ObjectiveTo investigate the overall accuracy of interleukin-12 (IL-12) for diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy. MethodsWe searched in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases, WanFang Data, and VIP Information for qualified studies that reported diagnostic accuracy of IL-12 for tuberculous pleurisy up to February 2014. The methodological quality of each study was evaluated by Quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies. Statistical analyses were performed by Meta-Disc 1.4 software and the pooled sensitivity, specificity and other diagnostic indexes. Meta-analysis of the reported accuracy of each study and summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve were also performed. ResultsEight studies met the inclusion criteria for the analysis. The summary estimates for IL-12 in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy were:sensitivity 0.80 [95% CI (0.76, 0.84)], specificity 0.76 [95% CI (0.71, 0.81)], positive likelihood ratio 3.23 [95% CI (2.26, 4.60)], negative likelihood ratio 0.30 [95% CI (0.20, 0.45)], diagnostic odds ratio 13.57 [95% CI (6.66, 27.64)], and the area under the curve of SROC was 0.86. ConclusionIL-12 plays a valuable role in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy, and IL-12 may be a useful diagnostic marker for tuberculous pleurisy.