目的：探討腦梗死出血轉化(HT)的病因，發生率，臨床表現和影像學特點及預后。方法：對我院2002年1月至2008年7月96例腦梗死出血轉化患者進行回顧性分析。結果：糖尿病、高血壓、心房纖顫、血脂異常、大面積腦梗死是HT的主要病因，其發生率為20.3%，第一周為62.5%，第二周為31.2%，兩周后為6.3%，其臨床表現為頭痛、嘔吐、肢體無力加重、意識障礙加深，CT或MRI表現為非血腫型與血腫型，死亡率為16.7%。結論：對神經癥狀及體征加重的患者，尤其是大面積腦死患者，應及早查復查CT或MRI，有利于HT的早期診治。
【摘要】 目的 探討肌萎縮性側索硬化（amyotrophic lateral sclerosis，ALS）的臨床特點和診斷。 方法 分析2005年1月-2009年1月收治的57例ALS患者，對其臨床特點進行統計分析。 結果 ALS以50～60年齡段發病為主，男性多見。患者平均發病年齡52歲，男女發病年齡無差別，男女比例1.7∶1，死亡23例（40.4%），平均生存時間22個月。 結論 發病年齡越晚，病后存活時間越短。臨床表現隱襲起病，逐漸進展。其診斷主要依據臨床表現，肌電圖檢查對早期診斷有重要的價值。【Abstract】 Objective To analyze clinical features and diagnosis of patients with ALS. Methods Fifty-seven patients with ALS were consecutively followed up, and their clinical characteristics were collected from January 2005 to January 2009. Results The average age of onset of patients with ALS was about 50-60 years, and the male was predominant. The mean age of onset was 52 years, and there was no significant difference in the mean age of onset regarding to gender. The ratio of male and female was 1.7. Twenty-three patients (40.4%) died during the period of follow-up, and the mean disease duration was 22 months. Conclusion The older the onsetage is, the more rapid the progression of the disease and shorter the survival time ane. ALS is characterized by onset slowly and progressive muscular paralysis. The diagnosis is primarily based on clinical characteristics, and electromyography examin7ation in early diagnosis has important value.