目的 探討肝硬化腹水患者不同血清鈉水平與病情嚴重程度的關系。 方法 回顧分析2008年7月－2010年6月收治47例肝硬化腹水并發低鈉血癥患者，根據其入院時血清鈉水平分為低鈉血癥輕（A組）、中（B組）、重（C組）3組。比較肝硬化腹水患者不同血鈉水平的腹水程度及療效的關系、以及低鈉程度與肝性腦病、肝腎綜合征和死亡發生率的關系。 結果 與A組比較，B、C兩組腹水量、肝性腦病、肝腎綜合征及病死率明顯增高，差異有統計學意義（P＜0.05）；對治療的效果明顯降低（P＜0.05）。 結論 肝硬化腹水患者的血清鈉水平與其病情程度具有緊密相關性，監測血清鈉的水平可作為判斷病情嚴重程度的重要指標之一，提示在臨床上需重視預防、及時發現并治療低鈉血癥。
Objective To investigate the etiological and clinical characteristics of 1298 cases with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted to investigate the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of 1298 patients who suffered from spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage and were hospitalized in Neurology Dept. of Anhui Provincial Hospital from 2005 to 2009. Results Among 1 298 patients, 822 (63.33%) were male while 476 (36.67%) were female. The constituent ratio of male and female patients was significantly different; the patients mainly suffered from spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in winter and spring which was commonly caused by hypertension accounting for 65.87% and was mostly happened on basal ganglia site (n=895, 68.95%). Conclusions The incidence of spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage is related with age, season and hypertension, it is very important to be prevented effectively and to well control the blood pressure.
To further standardize the clinical diagnosis and treatment behavior of hepatocellular carcinoma, based on evidence-based medical evidence and expert opinion, Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology updated and published guideline of hepatocellular carcinoma. In this paper, the new guideline on the updating of medical treatment strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma was studied.
【摘要】 目的 探討含鉍劑的四聯療法作為一線方案對幽門螺桿菌感染的有效性和安全性。 方法 選擇2008年9月-2010年9月間137例確診幽門螺桿菌感染的初治患者，隨機分為RAC組（雷貝拉唑、阿莫西林和克拉霉素）和RBAC組（雷貝拉唑、阿莫西林、克拉霉素和枸櫞酸鉍鉀）。經治療7 d后比較兩組根除率和不良反應發生率。 結果 RAC組和RBAC組的按方案分析根除率分別為77.6%和90.3%，意向性治療分析根除率分別為72.6%和86.7%。RBAC組的按方案分析和意向性治療分析根除率均高于RAC組（Plt;0.05）。不良反應發生率分別為1.6%和1.3%（Pgt;0.05）。 結論 以雷貝拉唑、阿莫西林、克拉霉素和枸櫞酸鉍鉀為組合的四聯療法能顯著提高幽門螺桿菌感染的初治成功率，不良反應少，安全有效。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the effectiveness and safety of the quadruple therapy containing a bismuth compound for first-line Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment. Methods A total of 137 patients diagnosed to be Helicobacter pylori-positive between September 2008 and September 2010 were randomized into two groups to receive the combination of rabeprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin (RAC group) and the combination of rabeprazole, amoxicillin, clarithromycin and bismuth potassinm citrate (RBAC group) respectively. The efficacy and tolerance were observed after the treatment for 7 days. Results The per protocol (PP) eradication rates of Helicobacter pylori were 86.7% for RAC group and 90.3% for RBAC group (Plt;0.05), respectively. The intention-to-treat protocol (ITT) eradication rates of Helicobacter pylori were 72.6% for RAC group and 86.7% for RBAC group (Plt;0.05), respectively. The was no significant difference in the incidence of side effects between the two groups (1.6% vs. 1.3%, Pgt;0.05). Conclusion The quadruple therapy containing rabeprazole, amoxicillin, clarithromycin and bismuth potassinm citrate provides a good eradication rate of Helicobacter pylori with a good compliance when compared with the standard triple therapy schemes.
目的 探討含左氧氟沙星的三聯療法作為一線方案對幽門螺桿菌感染治療的有效性和安全性。 方法 選擇2008年9月－2011年3月125例確診為幽門螺桿菌感染的初治患者，隨機分為雷貝拉唑、阿莫西林聯合左氧氟沙星組（A組）和雷貝拉唑、阿莫西林聯合克拉霉素組（B組），經治療7 d后比較兩組根除率和不良反應發生率。 結果 A、B組幽門螺桿菌符合方案分析根除率分別為91.8%、77.6%，意向性治療根除率分別為88.9%、72.6%，A組根除率高于B組，差異有統計學意義（P＜0.05）。A、B組不良反應發生率分別為4.8%、3.2%（P＞0.05）。 結論 以左氧氟沙星、阿莫西林、雷貝拉唑為組合的三聯療法能顯著提高幽門螺桿菌感染的初治成功率，不良反應少，安全有效。
To explore the effects of plasma jet (PJ) and plasma activated water (PAW) on the sterilization of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and compare the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods, so as to provide a basis for plasma treatment of dental caries and to enrich the treatment means of dental caries, an atmospheric pressure plasma excitation system was built, and the effects of PJ and PAW on the sterilization rate of S. mutans and the changes of temperature and pH during treatment were studied under different excitation voltage (Ue) and different excitation time (te). The results showed that in the PJ treatment, the difference in the survival rate of S. mutans between the treatment group and the control group was statistically significant (P = 0.007, d=2.66) when Ue = 7 kV and te = 60 s, and complete sterilization was achieved at Ue = 8 kV and te = 120 s in the PJ treatment. In contrast, in the PAW treatment, the difference in the survival rate of S. mutans between the treatment group and the control group was statistically significant (P = 0.029, d = 1.71) when Ue = 7 kV and te = 30 s, and complete sterilization was achieved with PAW treatment when Ue = 9 kV and te = 60 s. Results of the monitoring of temperature and pH showed that the maximum temperature rise during PJ and PAW treatment did not exceed 4.3 °C, while the pH value after PAW treatment would drop to a minimum of 3.02. In summary, the optimal sterilization parameters for PJ were Ue=8 kV and 90 s < te ≤ 120 s, while the optimal sterilization parameters for PAW were Ue = 9 kV and 30 s<te ≤ 60 s. Both treatment methods achieved non-thermal sterilization of S. mutans, where PJ required only a smaller Ue to achieve complete sterilization, while at pH < 4.7, PAW only required a shorter te to achieve complete sterilization, but its acidic environment could cause some chemical damage to the teeth. This study can provide some reference value for plasma treatment of dental caries.
ObjectiveTo explore the risk factors affecting occurrence of arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to develop a nomogram predictive model using these risk factors. MethodsA case-control study was conducted. The patients with T2DM accompanied with ASO and those with T2DM alone, admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2017 to December 2022, were retrospectively collected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The basic characteristics, blood, thyroid hormones, and other relevant indicators of the paitents in two groups were compared. The multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors for the occurrence of ASO in the patients with T2DM, and then a nomogram predictive model was developed. ResultsThere were 119 patients with T2DM alone and 114 patients with T2DM accompanied with lower extremity ASO in this study. The significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of smoking history, white blood cell count, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, platelet count, systemic immune-inflammation index, systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), apolipoprotein α (Apoα), serum cystatin C, free-triiodothyronine (FT3), total triiodothyronine, FT3/total triiodothyronine ratio, fibrinogen (Fib), fibrinogen degradation products, and plasma D-dimer (P<0.05). Further the results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the history of smoking, increased Fib level and SIRI value increased the probabilities of ASO occurrence in the patients with T2DM [OR (95%CI)=2.921 (1.023, 4.227), P=0.003; OR (95%CI)=2.641 (1.810, 4.327), P<0.001; OR (95%CI)=1.020 (1.004, 1.044), P=0.018], whereas higher levels of ApoA1 and FT3 were associated with reduced probabilities of ASO occurrence in the patients with T2DM [OR (95%CI)=0.231 (0.054, 0.782), P=0.021; OR (95%CI)=0.503 (0.352, 0.809), P=0.002]. The nomogram predictive model based on these factors demonstrated a good discrimination for predicting the ASO occurrence in the T2DM patients [area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (95%CI)=0.788 (0.730, 0.846)]. The predicted curve closely matched the ideal curve (Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test, χ2=5.952, P=0.653). The clinical decision analysis curve showed that the clinical net benefit of intervention based on the nomogram model was higher within a threshold probability range of 0.18 to 0.80 compared to no intervention or universal intervention. ConclusionsThe analysis results indicate that T2DM patients with a smoking history, elevated Fib level and SIRI value, as well as decreased ApoA1 and FT3 levels should be closely monitored for ASO risk. The nomogram predictive model based on these features has a good discriminatory power for ASO occurrence in T2DM patients, though its value warrants further investigation.