Neonatal broncho-pulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common chronic lung disease in premature infants, with a complex pathogenesis and limited treatment options, severely affecting health. In recent years, targeted autophagy and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) have received attention as potential therapeutic approaches. Autophagy is crucial in the development of BPD, as it can improve pathological processes such as alveolarization disorders, abnormal pulmonary vascular development, and inflammatory responses through targeted regulation, and enhance the pulmonary microenvironment. Meanwhile, MSC is considered to have promising applications in promoting lung development and repair due to immune regulatory properties and paracrine functions. This article reviews the mechanisms and synergistic effects of targeted autophagy and MSC therapy for BPD, providing a theoretical basis for optimizing clinical treatment strategies for BPD and improving the quality of life of premature infants.
【摘要】 目的 優選出紫冰栓中紫草油的最佳提取工藝。 方法 以左旋紫草素的含量為工藝考察指標，使用高效液相色譜建立左旋紫草素含量測定方法，采用L9（34）正交試驗法優化紫草油的提取條件。 結果 選用紫草，加8倍菜籽油，溫度140 ℃，加熱0.5 h為最優提取工藝。 結論 優選的提取工藝合理、可行，質量可控。【Abstract】 Objective To optimize the preparation process of extracting arnebiae oil from Zibing suppository. Methods The optimum preparation process of extracting arnebiae oil was investigated by L9(34) orthogonal design as the shikonin content index. Results The optimum technical condition: added eight times rape oil and cooked for half an hour with the temperature of 140 ℃. Conclusion The optimized preparation procedure is feasible and the quality of the product can be controled.
目的 提高對先天性腹主動脈瘤（AAA）的認識。 方法 報道2012年11月1日先天性AAA 1 例，回顧國內外報道的24 例先天性AAA的臨床資料。 結果 患兒男，2歲，以肉眼血尿起病，伴高血壓、蛋白尿和反復血小板降低；多層螺旋CT血管成像（MSCTA）見AAA伴左腎動脈狹窄；彩色多普勒超聲見AAA累及雙側髂總動脈伴動脈壁間血栓及鈣化，左腎萎縮；保守治療7個月后猝死，臨終前頭顱CT見腦梗死。回顧分析24例先天性AAA，包括腎下型AAA 15 例，腎上型AAA 5例，胸腹部AAA 2例，未具體指明類型2例；產前診斷6例，出生后診斷18例（其中包括新生兒5例和1個月～3歲嬰幼兒8例）；以腹部搏動性包塊起病8 例，嘔吐4 例，呼吸困難2例，腰部疼痛1例，因其他疾病就診3例；采用血管超聲21例，MSCTA 16例，磁共振血管造影9例；13例腎下型AAA接受手術治療；死于AAA破裂5例，死于心力衰竭2例。 結論 先天性AAA以腎下型為主，多為嬰幼兒，常表現為腹部腫塊，確診該病首選MSCTA，主張行早期個體化手術。
Objective To explore the risk factors of premature infants death. Methods The medical records of hospitalized premature infants admitted to West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University between January 2015 and December 2022 were collected. Premature infants were divided into the death group and the non-death group (control group) based on discharge diagnosis of death. Parturient and premature infants related information were collected, and the disease classification and diagnosis of premature infants were analyzed. Results A total of 13 739 premature infants were included, with 53 deaths and a mortality rate of 3.85‰ (53/13 739). The ages of death were 1-49 days, and the median age of death was (9.68±9.35) days. According to the matching method, 212 premature infants were ultimately included. Among them, there were 53 premature infants in the death group and 159 premature infants in the control group. Compared with the control group, premature infants in the death group had lower gestational age, birth weight, lower 1-minute Apgar scores, lower 5-minute Apgar scores and shorter hospital stay (P<0.05), and received more delivery interventions (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in other indicators between the two groups of premature infants (P>0.05). A total of 212 parturient were included. Among them, there were 53 parturients in the death group and 159 parturients in the control group. The use rate of prenatal corticosteroids in the control group was higher than that in the death group (55.35% vs. 54.72%). There was no statistically significant difference in other related factors between the two groups of parturient (P>0.05). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that longer hospital stay [odds ratio (OR)=0.891, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.842, 0.943), P<0.001], prenatal use of corticosteroids [OR=0.255, 95%CI (0.104, 0.628), P=0.003] reduced the risk of premature infant death. However, tracheal intubation [OR=10.738, 95%CI (2.893, 39.833), P<0.001] increased the risk of premature infant death. Conclusions Clinicians should pay attention to prenatal examination of newborns and pay attention to evaluation of newborn status. Obstetricians and neonatologists should make joint plans for women with high risk factors for preterm delivery. During the hospitalization, after the diagnosis is clear, standardized treatment should be carried out in strict accordance with the guidelines for systemic diseases and expert consensus.
目的 探討嬰兒急性白血病（IAL）的臨床與實驗室檢查特征。 方法 對1999年12月－2011年6月收治的15例嬰兒急性白血病的臨床資料進行總結與分析。 結果 其中急性淋巴細胞白血病（ALL）6例，急性髓系白血病（AML）8例，分類不明1例，其中以M4（4例）、M5（3例）為主。臨床表現多樣，髓外浸潤明顯。1例細胞形態學與免疫分型有差異，1例合并染色體異常。放棄治療者11例，死亡2例，正規治療的2例于誘導緩解后獲完全緩解。 結論 IAL預后差，需完善相關檢查并不斷總結臨床資料以提高IAL治愈率。
Objective To explore the characteristics of cognitive impairment in patients with alcohol dependence, and analyze the related influencing factors. Methods The Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA) was used to evaluate the cognitive function of 65 alcohol dependent patients hospitalized between January 1st and December 31st, 2014. The features of cognitive impairment and related influencing factors were analyzed. Results The differences of MoCA attention and delayed recall between different drinking year groups had statistical significance (P<0.05). The correlations of drinking year with MoCA attention (r=–0.250,P=0.044), and with delayed recall (r=–0.326,P=0.008) were both negative. MoCA scores, naming, attention and delayed recall were different statistically among different age groups (P<0.05). The correlations of ages with MoCA scores (r=–0.429,P<0.001), naming (r=–0.261,P=0.035), attention (r=–0.391,P=0.001) and delayed recall (r=–0.461,P<0.001) were all negative. MoCA scores, the visuoconstructional skills, language, abstraction and delayed recall were significantly different among different education level groups (P<0.05). The correlations of education level with MoCA scores (rs=0.650,P<0.001), the visuoconstructional skills (rs=0.540,P<0.001), language (rs=0.486,P<0.001), abstraction (r=0.602,P<0.001) and delayed recall (rs=0.593,P<0.001) were all positive. Ages had an effect on MoCA scores by multiple linear regression analysis (P<0.01). Conclusions For alcohol dependent patients with cognitive impairment, cognitive function is correlated with drinking year, age and education level. The cognitive function is much serious in patients with older age and longer drinking years. This kind of patients should be focused on and intervened early.
ObjectiveTo study the diagnosis and treatment of multiple neuroendocrine carcinoma.MethodClinical data of a case of multiple neuroendocrine carcinoma was retrospective analyzed.ResultsAfter discussion by a multidisciplinary team (MDT), the patient was diagnosed as multiple neuroendocrine carcinoma with late clinical stage and inoperable. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy were given, which showed significant effects, and the patient died after 1 year of follow-up.ConclusionIn the clinical diagnosis and treatment of patients with multiple neuroendocrine carcinoma, MDT cooperative treatment model should be adopted to provide a better treatment program.
Objective To explore the application of multi-disciplinary team (MDT) clinics in fetal developmental abnormalities. Methods A retrospective analysis method was used to collect case data of fetal developmental abnormalities and completion of prenatal MDT clinics diagnosis and treatment in pregnant women who were registered in the Department of Obstetrics of West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University between December 2021 and November 2022. The situation of pregnant women and fetuses was summarized and analyzed. Results There were 19362 registered pregnant women, of which 1125 (5.8%) had abnormal fetal development. Among them, 272 (24.2%) received prenatal MDT clinics diagnosis and treatment. Fetal developmental abnormalities were mainly characterized by structural abnormalities (208 cases, 76.5%), with the top three being central nervous system abnormalities, circulatory system abnormalities, and multiple malformations. There were 202 pregnant women who continue to conceive, and 70 cases had undergone induced labor, with an induced labor rate of 25.7%. The top three main causes of induced abortion were multiple malformations, central nervous system abnormalities, and circulatory system abnormalities. After prenatal MDT clinics diagnosis and treatment, the diagnosis of fetal developmental abnormalities in 46 pregnant women were corrected. Conclusion Prenatal MDT clinics are helpful for the early comprehensive evaluation of fetal developmental abnormalities and the determination of diagnosis and treatment plans.
The emergence of new-generation artificial intelligence technology has brought numerous innovations to the healthcare field, including telemedicine and intelligent care. However, the artificial intelligent medical device sector still faces significant challenges, such as data privacy protection and algorithm reliability. This study, based on invention patent analysis, revealed the technological innovation trends in the field of artificial intelligent medical devices from aspects such as patent application time trends, hot topics, regional distribution, and innovation players. The results showed that global invention patent applications had remained active, with technological innovations primarily focused on medical image processing, physiological signal processing, surgical robots, brain-computer interfaces, and intelligent physiological parameter monitoring technologies. The United States and China led the world in the number of invention patent applications. Major international medical device giants, such as Philips, Siemens, General Electric, and Medtronic, were at the forefront of global technological innovation, with significant advantages in patent application volumes and international market presence. Chinese universities and research institutes, such as Zhejiang University, Tianjin University, and the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, had demonstrated notable technological innovation, with a relatively high number of patent applications. However, their overseas market expansion remained limited. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the technological innovation trends in the artificial intelligent medical device field and offers valuable information support for industry development from an informatics perspective.
The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) has increased rapidly in recent years. The causes of AKI are complex and diverse, and there is no effective treatment strategy. Reliable and stable animal models and in vitro models play an important role in the development and prevention of AKI. Focusing on rodent models and in vitro models, this review summarizes AKI models induced by ischemia, nephrotoxic drugs and urinary tract obstruction from three levels of prerenal, intrinsic renal and postrenal AKI.