The article focuses on the recent progress in foot and ankle surgery, including the diagnosis of disease, treatment protocols, outcomes, and evaluation tools as well as other innovations. New and accurate diagnostic modalities and measurements have undergone a breakthrough. Diagnostic modalities tend to be simpler and less expensive. Measurement tools also change to simpler and more accurate. The accuracy and efficacy of surgery and the minimally invasive method have become more popular and important. New treatments and basic research have also made breakthroughs.
Objective To summarize research status of correlation of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (CLT) and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), in order to provide a basis for early diagnosis, prognosis, and prevention of PTC. Method The literatures about the recent studies of the correlation of the CLT and PTC were reviewed according to the results searched from PubMed database, SpringerLink database, Web of Science database, Wanfang database, CNKI database, and VIP database. Results The most of patients with CLT combined with PTC are young women, the characteristics are multifocal and occult, the prognosis is good. Its genesis might be related to the ionizing radiation, iodine intake, endocrine disorders, immune disorders, molecular biology, and other factors. But there are still different controversies about its specific pathogenesis and surgical treatment. Conclusions CLT is closely related to PTC. However, relationship between CLT combined with PTC and changing regularity of molecular biology, pathogenesis, or prognosis needs further to be studied and followed-up for a longer-term.
Objective To explore the application effects of innovative health education on patients undergoing ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Methods A total of 139 patients undergoing ambulatory LC from November to December 2016 were selected as the control group, receiving the traditional health education; and other 141 patients undergoing ambulatory LC from February to March 2017 were selected as the observation group, receiving the innovative health education. The two groups were followed up and observed 1 day, 2, and 28 days after the discharge, and the incidence rates of adverse reactions such as postoperative pain, bleeding and incision infection were measured, and the disease knowledge mastery, self-care skills, medication compliance and satisfaction to nursing and hospital were evaluated. Results The total incidence rate of adverse reactions was 7.8% in the observation group and 25.2% in the control group (P<0.001). Medication compliance from high to low was 90, 46 and 5 cases in the observation group and 59, 64 and 16 cases in the control group (P<0.001). In the observation group, the scores of disease knowledge mastery, self-care cognition, nursing satisfaction and hospital satisfaction were 93.4±5.5, 91.4±4.5, 96.4±3.7 and 98.1±3.7, respectively, which were higher than those in the control group (83.8±8.7, 83.2±9.1, 91.5±9.2 and 94.8±7.3, respectively) with statistical significance (P<0.001). Conclusion Innovative health education has certain application effects on ambulatory LC, and it can significantly improve disease knowledge mastery and self-care cognition, and help to ensure the medical quality and safety during perioperative period, and improve the patients’ satisfaction.
ObjectiveTo review the development and clinical application of ankle prosthesis.MethodsThe recent literature on ankle prosthesis design and clinical application was reviewed and analyzed. ResultsCompared with the hip and knee prostheses, the ankle prosthesis develops slowly and has been developed to the third generation. The ankle joint has a special structure of multi-axis movement. The design of the first and second generations of prostheses is not conformed to the biomechanics of the ankle. The third generation of prosthesis is more conform to the characteristics of ankle biomechanics, with high postoperative survival rate and satisfactory clinical outcome. ConclusionAt present, the survival rate of ankle prosthesis is low, and there is still much room for improvement in biomechanics, materials, and other aspects.
目的 觀察下調Ras同源類似物E (RhoE)表達對人乳腺癌細胞231生物學行為的影響。 方法 蛋白質印跡技術檢測小干擾RNA（siRNA）轉染前后RhoE在乳腺癌細胞231中的表達；RhoE siRNA的細胞轉染 用lipofectamine?2000脂質體法；Cell Counting Kit-8檢測轉染細胞及對照細胞的增殖變化；損傷刮擦試驗和體外侵襲實驗（Transwell小室）分別檢測轉染細胞及對照細胞的遷移與侵襲能力。 結果 RhoE在乳腺癌細胞231中的表達較高；成功轉染RhoE siRNA的乳腺癌細胞，蛋白質印跡顯示RhoE的表達被明顯的抑制；RhoE的表達被抑制后對乳腺癌細胞的增殖、遷移和侵襲有著明顯的促進作用。 結論 下調RhoE 表達能夠明顯促進乳腺癌細胞的增殖﹑遷移和侵襲，RhoE可能在乳腺癌的發生發展中起著重要作用。
Objective To summarize the research progress of biocompatibility and surface modification of nickel titanium shape memory alloys (Ni-Ti SMA). Methods The relative researches about Ni-Ti SMA at home and abroad were reviewed, collated, analyzed, and summarized. Results At present, Ni-Ti SMA as an internal fixation material has been widely used in clinic. It has the following advantages: the super elasticity, the shape memory characteristic, the good wear resistance, and the strong corrosion resistance. It also can effectively avoid the internal fixator rupture caused by stress shielding. After surface modification, the biocompatibility of Ni-Ti SMA has been improved. Conclusion The Ni-Ti SMA is the most promising alloy material for the long-term internal fixator because of its excellent material properties.
Objective To investigate the characteristics, complications, and influencing factors of pediatric foreign body ingestion, providing clinical references for prevention and management. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on pediatric cases of foreign body ingestion treated at West China Hospital of Sichuan University between June 2007 and September 2019. Patients were stratified by age into ≤5 years, 6-10 years, and >10 years groups. Foreign body types, impaction sites, and complication rates were compared across age groups. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were performed to identify risk factors for complications. Results A total of 610 pediatric cases of foreign body ingestion were enrolled. Foreign body ingestion predominantly occurred in children ≤5 years (n=472, 77.38%), followed by 6-10 years (n=100, 16.39%) and >10 years (n=38, 6.23%). Foreign body types varied significantly by age (P<0.05): coins predominated in ≤5-year-olds (57.20%), while food-related objects were most common in >10-year-olds (52.63%). The most frequent impaction site was the upper esophagus, accounting for 48.31%, 44.00%, and 60.53% in the three age groups, respectively. Univariate analysis identified age, foreign body type, and location as significant predictors of complications (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated that oropharynx and esophageal impaction (reference: stomach) [odds ratio (OR)=4.699, 95% confidence interval (CI) (2.456, 8.996), P<0.001] and high-risk foreign body types [OR=3.538, 95%CI (2.045, 6.122), P<0.001] were independent risk factors for complications, whereas increasing age had a protective effect [OR=0.418, 95%CI (0.252, 0.694), P=0.001]. Conclusions Younger children are at higher risk of foreign body ingestion, while increasing age is protective against complications. High-risk foreign body types and oropharynx and esophageal impaction significantly increase complication risks. Strengthening parental education, preventive measures against high-risk objects, and enhancing clinicians’ vigilance for complex cases are essential to reduce complications.