ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension in urban and rural residents in Chengdu. MethodsA cluster random sampling survey was carried out from February to October in 2010. A total of 2 011 residents aged 35-70 years in four communities of Chengdu (two communities in urban area, two in rural area) were investigated for the incidence of hypertension. Analysis was performed using SPSS 18.0 software. ResultsThe standardized prevalence of hypertension was 31.30% among residents aged 35-70 years, which was much higher in urban than that in rural:39.03% vs. 24.90% (P < 0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, age, waist, heart rate, fasting blood glucose and education level were the major risk factors of hypertension for male; while age, waist, heart rate, fasting blood glucose, triglyceride and uric acid were the major risk factors for female. ConclusionThe prevalence of hypertension in urban is higher than that in rural in Chengdu. Prevention and intervention should be performed more for whom have increased waist circumfluence, abnormal levels of fasting glucose, and increased heart rate.
Objective To investigate the incidence and the correlative factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with diabetes mellitus（DM）who lives in Beixinjing blocks, Shanghai. Methods Residents with DM were enrolled according to resident health archives. The data of disease history, visual acuity, eye disease and introcular pressure were collected by inquiry and examination. Photography of ocular fundus was used to confirm the diagnosis of DR. Results A total of 535 residents excepted the examination with the participating rate of 90.68%, in whom 146 (27.29%) were identified as with DR. The incidence of single and proliferative DR was 22.29% and 4.30%, respectively. Duration of DM was the independent risk factor of DR, while long duration of DM, accompanied with peripheral neuropathy and body mass index was the in-order independent factor of proliferative DR. Conclusions The incidence of DR is high in residents with DM. Monitoring DR progress in DM residents with risk factors is recommended. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2006, 22: 31-34)
Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of degenerative disc disease (DDD) in pilots. Methods From January 2021 to May 2022, pilots were surveyed using a whole group sampling method and relevant imaging data were collected. The contents of the survey included basic information, DDD-related information, flight-related information, and personal habits. The prevalence of DDD was calculated, and univariate χ2 test, t-test, and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed for the diseased and healthy groups to screen the risk factors of DDD. Results A total of 170 copies of questionnaire were sent out and 162 valid copies were returned. The prevalence of DDD was 47.5% (77/162), including 27.8% (45/162) for cervical spondylosis, 29.6% (48/162) for lumbar disc herniation, and 3.1% (5/162) for degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis. The results of univariate analysis showed that body mass index (t=2.594, P=0.010), driving age (t=2.160, P=0.032), maximum load in flight (t=2.953, P=0.004), mean load in flight (t=2.575, P=0.011), insomnia (χ2=4.756, P=0.029) and smoking (χ2=7.977, P=0.005) were significantly different between the diseased group and the healthy group. Multivariate logistic regression showed that driving age [odds ratio (OR)=1.077, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.025, 1.132), P=0.004], maximum load in flight [OR=1.279, 95%CI (1.109, 1.475), P=0.001], helmet weight [OR=1.516, 95%CI (1.056, 2.175), P=0.024], insomnia [OR=2.235, 95%CI (1.114, 4.483), P=0.024], and smoking [OR=2.527, 95%CI (1.255, 5.087), P=0.009] were risk factors for DDD. Conclusions The prevalence of DDD is high in pilots. High driving age, high maximum load in flight, high helmet weight, insomnia, and smoking may be independent risk factors for DDD.
目的 研究成都地區中老年人群體質量指數（BMI）及腹型肥胖對糖尿病患病率及空腹血糖水平的影響。 方法 2007年5月，采用隨機抽樣方法抽取50～80歲中老年人685人進行心血管危險因素調查，其男394人，女291人，年齡（63.3 ± 0.2）歲。 結果 成都地區中老年人群的超重和肥胖所占的比例較大（約44.3%），按BMI分組（BMI＜24 kg/m2；24 kg/ m2≤BMI＜28 kg/ m2；BMI≥28 kg/m2）的糖尿病患病率分別為14.0%、18.7%及23.3%，組間差異有統計學意義（P=0.031）。男女分別按腹型肥胖標準分組（男性切點=85 cm，女性切點=80 cm），男性糖尿病患病率在非腹型肥胖及腹型肥胖組分別為17.9%及18.7%組間差異無統計學意義（P=0.849），女性糖尿病患病率分別為9.7%及18.4%，組間差異有統計學意義（P=0.034）。整個人群中，空腹血糖無隨BMI增加而升高的趨勢（P=0.071）；女性人群中，空腹血糖隨腰圍的增加而升高（P=0.001）；而在男性人群中無此趨勢。在調整相關指標后，logistic回歸分析提示BMI對糖尿病患病率獨立影響，以BMI正常為參照，超重及肥胖的OR值分別為：1.412 [95%CI （0.818，2.437），P=0.215]及2.200 [95%CI（1.034，5.178），P=0.046]。在調整相關指標后，腹型肥胖在女性人群中對糖尿病患病率獨立影響，以非腹型肥胖為參考，腹型肥胖的OR值為：1.394 [95%CI（1.080，3.205），P=0.041]，而在男性人群中無此關系。 結論 成都地區中老年人群超重及肥胖所占的比重較大，BMI可影響糖尿病患病率及空腹血糖水平；腹型肥胖能夠影響女性人群糖尿病患病率及空腹血糖水平，但在男性人群中無此關系。
ObjectiveTo explore the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in island of China. MethodsLiteratures regarding the prevalence and treatment of hypertension in island of China were retrieved in PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library (Issue 12, 2013), CNKI, WanFang Data and CBM from January 2000 to December 2012. Two reviewers independently screened literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and extracted data. Then the pooled rates were conducted by Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software using inverse variance method. ResultsNine studies involving 926 836 samples were included. The results of meta-analysis showed the pooled rates of prevalence, awareness, treatment and control were 32.0% (95%CI 18.8% to 48.8%), 47.4% (95%CI 29.7% to 65.8%), 38.0% (95%CI 23.1% to 55.5%) and 10.0% (95%CI 4.3% to 21.7%), respectively. Whether in 60 or 65 as the threshold value, the prevalence of hypertension in old people was higher than that in young people. ConclusionThe prevalence of hypertension is about 32% and much higher in island regions of China, while the awareness, treatment and control rates are so lower in these regions. The relevant public health policy should pay more attention to improve primary health care in these regions.
Objective To investigate the incidence of urolithiasis in infants aged 0-3 years old fed by melaminetainted milk powder in Gansu province. Methods Questionnaires were distributed to 7 856 infants who were screened for urolithiasis in the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University by ultrasound examination from September 25, 2008 to November 15, 2008. Data were collected by Excel and analyzed by SPSS 13.0 software. Results A total of 4 090 (52.06%) male infants and 3 766 (47.94%) female infants underwent ultrasound examination in the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University. The mean age of the infants with urolithias was 18.30±9.68 months. Of those, 704, including 434 males (61.65%) and 270 females (38.35%), were diagnosed with urolithiasis, with an incidence of 8.96%, and 99.14% of calculus was located in kidney. And, 58 aged 0-6 months with an incidence of 3.16%, 218 aged 6-12 months with an incidence of 11.01%, 275 aged 12-24 months with an incidence of 12.55%, and 153 aged 24-36 months with an incidence of 8.27%. The relationship between the incidence of urolithiasis and gender as well as age was assessed by using the Pearson Chi-square test. The results showed significant differences in the incidence of urolithiasis among infants of different genders and different ages (Plt;0.05). The result of multiplelogistic regression analysis indicated that gender was related to the incidence of urolithiasis (Plt;0.05). Conclusion The incidence of urolithiasis in the infants aged 0-3 years old in Gansu province is relatively high. The incidence of urolithiasis focuses on the infants aged 6-24 months and has anatomical specificity.
ObjectivesTo systematically review the prevalence of senile pruritus (SP) in Chinese population.MethodsPubMed, EMbase, CENTRAL, CINAHL, CBM, CNKI, WanFang Data and VIP databases were electronically searched to collect cross-sectional studies on the prevalence of SP in Chinese population from inception to May 2019. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed risk of bias of included studies, then, meta-analysis was performed by Stata 12.0 software.ResultsA total of 11 studies involving 13 398 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that, the overall prevalence of SP was 31.0% (95%CI 18.0% to 44.0%). Subgroup analysis showed that the prevalence rate of male was 34.9% (95%CI 18.6% to 88.5%). The prevalence rates of SP among 60, 70, 80 and 90 age groups were 20.0% (95%CI 14.2% to 25.7%), 48.4% (95%CI 21.5% to 75.3%), 53% (95%CI 12.4% to 93.5%), and 58.5% (95%CI 22.4% to 94.6%), respectively. The prevalence rates of SP in community, hospital and cadre relaxation club were 33.4% (95%CI 31.3% to 35.6%), 40.4% (95%CI 22% to 58.7%), and 14.4% (95%CI 1.1% to 27.7%), respectively. The prevalence rates of SP in southern China and northern China were 26.7% (95%CI 18.7% to 34.7%) and 36.8% (95%CI 21.8% to 51.7%), respectively.ConclusionsThe overall prevalence rate of SP in the Chinese population is high. The prevalence rates of SP among ages, regions and research sites are different.
摘要:目的：研究成都地區中老年人群體重指數(BMI)與高血壓患病率及血壓水平的關系。方法:按照隨機抽樣的方法抽取樣本,對711人(平均年齡為63.28±6.25歲;男性占57.8%)進行了相關調查,調查內容中包括身高、體重、血壓及脈搏等。結果:成都地區中老年人群的超重及肥胖所占比重較大(約45%),按BMI分組(lt;18.5 kg/m2,18.5~23.9 kg/m2,24~27.9 kg/m2,≥28.0 kg/m2)的高血壓患病率分別是31.6%,54.8%,64.4%,82.8%,差異有統計學意義。采用logistic回歸分析發現在調整年齡、性別、腰圍及尿酸等后,BMI對高血壓的患病率有獨立影響。在整個人群及女性病人中,血壓隨著BMI的升高而有升高的趨勢,差異有統計學意義。結論:成都地區中老年人群超重及肥胖所占比重較大。BMI可以影響高血壓的患病率及影響女性病人的血壓水平,是高血壓的獨立危險因素。Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effects of body mass index on prevalence of hypertension and blood pressure in the elderly. MethodsA survey, including height, weight, blood pressure and pulse, was carried out in a general population of Chengdu. A total of 711 subjects (average age: 63.28±6.25 years; male: 57.8%) were recruited by random sampling method. Results：The proportion of overweight and obesity was about 45%. The hypertension prevalence rate was significantly positively correlated with BMI (Plt;0.01), and that was also seen in the level of SBP and DBP for the female (Plt;0.05). In logistic regression analysis adjusting for age, gender, waist, uric acid, the standardized OR for higher BMI (≥28.0 kg/m2) as a risk factor of hypertension was 5.140. Conclusion：The proportion of overweight and obesity was great in Chengdu area. BMI can affect the prevalence rate of hypertension and the level of blood pressure.