Analysis of the prevalence status and trend of gallbladder cancer in Zhejiang Province from 2000 to 2021_CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Authors：

YANG Xiaojing ¹ , WANG Jiaran ¹ , JIN Ting ¹ , HAN Jiayu ¹ , FAN Jianqiang ¹ , ZHANG Xinxi ¹ , DU Lingbin ^2,3 ,  LI Huizhang ^2,3

1. Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shangyu District, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P. R. China;
2. Zhejiang Provincial Office of Cancer Prevention and Control, Hangzhou 310022, P. R. China;
3. Prevention and Treatment Department, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, P. R. China;

Corresponding?author：

LI Huizhang, Email: huizhang_220@163.com

Keywords：

gallbladder cancer; incidence; mortality; trend analysis; Zhejiang Province

DOI：

10.7507/1007-9424.202506003

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Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and trends of gallbladder cancer incidence and mortality in Zhejiang cancer registration areas from 2000 to 2021, providing a basis for formulating prevention and control strategies for gallbladder cancer. Methods Data on incidence and mortality were collected from 22 cancer registry areas in Zhejiang Province from 2000 to 2021, calculating the crude incidence (mortality), age-standardized incidence / mortality rate by Chinese standard population(ASR China), age-standardized incidence /mortality rate by World standard population (ASR World) and cumulative rate (0–74 years old). The average annual percentage change (AAPC) was calculated by using Joinpoint software. Results In 2021, the crude incidence of gallbladder cancer in Zhejiang cancer registration areas was 6.79 per 100 000. The ASR China and ASR World were 2.99 and 2.96 per 100 000, respectively, ranking 18th of all new cancer cases. The incidence ASR China in female (3.13 per 100 000) was higher than that in male (2.85 per 100 000). The incidence ASR China in rural areas (3.01 per 100 000) was slightly higher than that in urban areas (2.97 per 100 000). The crude mortality of gallbladder cancer was 5.14 per 100 000, with the mortality ASR China and ASR World of 2.09 and 2.10 per 100 000, respectively, ranking 10th of all new cancer deaths. The mortality ASR China in female (2.19 per 100 000) was higher than that in male (1.98 per 100 000). The mortality ASR China in urban areas (2.11 per 100 000) was slightly higher than that in rural areas (2.07 per 100 000). Both the crude incidence and mortality of gallbladder cancer increased with age. The crude incidence and mortality showed an upward trend over time, with AAPC of 2.59% and 3.75%, respectively (P<0.001). The incidence ASR China did not show significant changes over time (AAPC=0.05%, P=0.856). The incidence ASR China in male and rural areas showed increasing trends over time, with AAPCs of 0.89% (P=0.016) and 1.14% (P=0.001), respectively. The incidence ASR China in female and urban areas showed no significant trends over time, with AAPCs of –0.26% (P=0.503) and –0.02% (P=0.967), respectively. The mortality showed a slower upward trend after adjusting the age structure (AAPC=1.01%, P=0.020). Conclusions The elderly population in rural areas, especially elderly women, are the primary targets for the prevention and control of gallbladder cancer. Aging is the main factor contributing to the increase in the incidence and mortality of gallbladder cancer. After adjusting for demographic factors, the overall upward trend of the incidence in the male population and rural areas, as well as mortality, cannot be ignored.

Citation： YANG Xiaojing, WANG Jiaran, JIN Ting, HAN Jiayu, FAN Jianqiang, ZHANG Xinxi, DU Lingbin, LI Huizhang. Analysis of the prevalence status and trend of gallbladder cancer in Zhejiang Province from 2000 to 2021. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY, 2025, 32(6): 714-721. doi: 10.7507/1007-9424.202506003 Copy

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1. Stinton LM, Shaffer EA. Epidemiology of gallbladder disease: cholelithiasis and cancer. Gut Liver, 2012, 6(2): 172-187.
2. 單季軍, 王添琳, 李相成. 膽囊癌轉化治療的研究現狀. 中國普外基礎與臨床雜志, 2023, 30(4): 385-391.
3. 曾琦惠, 李富宇. 《腹腔鏡膽囊癌根治性切除專家共識 (2023)》解讀. 中國普外基礎與臨床雜志, 2025, 32(1): 46-49.
4. Han B, Zheng R, Zeng H, et al. Cancer incidence and mortality in China, 2022. J Natl Cancer Cent, 2024, 4(1): 47-53.
5. Bray F, Laversanne M, Sung H, et al. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin, 2024, 74(3): 229-263.
6. Guo H, Zhang D, Li Z, et al. Global burden of gallbladder cancer in 2022 and predictions to 2042. Dig Liver Dis, 2025, 57(6): 1294-1300.
7. 沈歡, 孫中明, 繆丹丹, 等. 2009–2019年江蘇省腫瘤登記地區膽囊癌發病趨勢及年齡變化分析. 中國腫瘤外科雜志, 2024, 16(3): 215-220.
8. 張克博, 劉玉琴, 丁高恒, 等. 2019年甘肅省腫瘤登記地區膽囊癌流行特征及2010–2019年變化趨勢分析. 中國腫瘤, 2024, 33(2): 96-102.
9. 黃瑜, 劉玉琴, 丁高恒, 等. 2009–2015年甘肅省腫瘤登記地區膽囊癌流行特征及變化趨勢分析. 實用腫瘤學雜志, 2021, 35(3): 193-199.
10. 國家癌癥中心. 中國腫瘤登記工作指導手冊-2016. 北京: 人民衛生出版社, 2016: 100-105.
11. Bray F, Parkin DM. Evaluation of data quality in the cancer registry: principles and methods. Part Ⅰ: comparability, validity and timeliness. Eur J Cancer, 2009, 45(5): 747-755.
12. 劉珊山, 李初誼, 鄭英, 等. 1990–2019年中國膽囊癌疾病負擔研究及未來趨勢分析. 中國全科醫學, 2024, 27(14): 1742-1749.
13. Iyer P, Barreto SG, Sahoo B, et al. Non-typhoidal Salmonella DNA traces in gallbladder cancer. Infect Agent Cancer, 2016, 11: 12. doi: 10.1186/s13027-016-0057-x.
14. Chan TF, Wu CH, Chiu HF, et al. Parity and risk of death from gallbladder cancer among a cohort of premenopausal parous women in Taiwan. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2015, 12(2): 1864-1873.
15. 胡霄, 李麗, 歐陽一非, 等. 2000–2018年中國十六省(自治區、直轄市)7~17歲兒童青少年超重與肥胖流行趨勢. 衛生研究, 2022, 51(4): 568-573.

CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Analysis of the prevalence status and trend of gallbladder cancer in Zhejiang Province from 2000 to 2021

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