中華醫學會胸心血管外科學分會胸腔鏡外科學組中國醫師協會胸外科醫師分會微創外科專家委員會,
Email: lunxu_liu@aliyun.com
Citation： 中華醫學會胸心血管外科學分會胸腔鏡外科學組中國醫師協會胸外科醫師分會微創外科專家委員會. 中國胸外科圍手術期疼痛管理專家共識（2018 版）. Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 2018, 25(11): 921-928. doi: 10.7507/1007-4848.201810052 Copy
Copyright ? the editorial department of Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery of West China Medical Publisher. All rights reserved
| 1. | 張愛華. 胸外科病人術后疼痛的護理. 齊齊哈爾醫學院學報, 2012, 33(10): 1390-1391. |
| 2. | Maxwell C, Nicoara A. New developments in the treatment of acute pain after thoracic surgery. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol, 2014, 27(1): 6-11. |
| 3. | Liu Y, Zhao H, Liu J, et al. Influence of thoracoscopic surgery on inflammatory reaction of the body for early peripheral lung cancer patients. Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi, 2014, 17(10): 730-733. |
| 4. | Apfelbaum JL, Chen C, Mehta SS, et al. Postoperative pain experience: results from a national survey suggest postoperative pain continues to be undermanaged. Anesth Analg, 2003, 97(2): 534-540. |
| 5. | Kehlet H, Jensen TS, Woolf CJ. Persistent postsurgical pain: risk factors and prevention. Lancet, 2006, 367(9522): 1618-1625. |
| 6. | 薛照靜, 黃宇光, 趙晶, 等. 慢性術后疼痛研究進展. 中國疼痛醫學雜志, 2013, 19(11): 685-689-115, 119. |
| 7. | Bottiger BA, Esper SA, Stafford-Smith M. Pain management strategies for thoracotomy and thoracic pain syndromes. Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth, 2014, 18(1): 45-46. |
| 8. | Williamson A, Hoggart B. Pain: a review of three commonly used pain rating scales. J Clin Nurs, 2005, 14(7): 798-804. |
| 9. | Hawker GA, Mian S, Kendzerska T, et al. Measures of adult pain: Visual Analog Scale for Pain (VAS Pain), Numeric Rating Scale for Pain (NRS Pain), McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ), Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ), Chronic Pain Grade Scale (CPGS), Short Form-36 Bodily Pain Scale (SF-36 BPS), and Measure of Intermittent and Constant Osteoarthritis Pain (ICOAP). Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken), 2011, 63 (Suppl 11): S240-S252. |
| 10. | Castarlenas E, Sánchez-Rodríguez E, Vega Rde L, et al. Agreement between verbal and electronic versions of the numerical rating scale (NRS-11) when used to assess pain intensity in adolescents. Clin J Pain, 2015, 31(3): 229-234. |
| 11. | Kliger M, Stahl S, Haddad M, et al. Measuring the intensity of chronic pain: are the visual analogue scale and the verbal rating scale interchangeable? Pain Pract, 2015, 15(6): 538-547. |
| 12. | 劉昕, 高巨, 王存金. 成人疼痛評估工具的研究進展. 實用疼痛學雜志, 2016, 12(6): 461-470. |
| 13. | Quinn BL, Sheldon LK, Cooley ME. Pediatric pain assessment by drawn faces scales: a review. Pain Manag Nurs, 2014, 15(4): 909-918. |
| 14. | Vandenbos F, Pop D, Perrotin C, et al. Evolution of pain during respiratory rehabilitation after major lung resection. Rev Mal Respir, 2017, 34(3): 232-239. |
| 15. | 徐城, 楊曉秋, 劉丹彥. 常用的疼痛評估方法在臨床疼痛評估中的作用. 中國疼痛醫學雜志, 2015, 21(3): 210-212. |
| 16. | 安春榮. 術后疼痛原因分析與護理措施. 中國冶金工業醫學雜志, 2016, 33(1): 121-122. |
| 17. | 蘇曼曼, 周陽. 術后疼痛管理研究進展. 護理研究, 2018, 32(17): 2669-2672. |
| 18. | Andersson V, Bergman S, Henoch I, et al. Pain and pain management in hospitalized patients before and after an intervention. Scand J Pain, 2017, 15: 22-29. |
| 19. | Kashefimehr A, Babaloo A, Ghanizadeh M, et al. Effect of prophylactic administration of Novafen for periodontal surgery on postoperative pain relief. J Med Life, 2017, 10(2): 127-130. |
| 20. | 朱璐蘭, 劉文和. 按時鎮痛護理模式在創傷圍手術期的鎮痛效果評價. 湘南學院學報(醫學版), 2015, 17(3): 67-68. |
| 21. | Gottschalk A, Smith DS. New concepts in acute pain therapy: preemptive analgesia. Am Fam Physician, 2001, 63(10): 1979-1984. |
| 22. | 高元麗, 代志剛, 郭素香, 等. 不同鎮痛方法用于開胸手術后鎮痛效果的評價. 中國組織工程研究與臨床康復, 2007, 11(17): 3248-3250, 3254. |
| 23. | Savage C, McQuitty C, Wang D, et al. Postthoracotomy pain management. Chest Surg Clin N Am, 2002, 12(2): 251-263. |
| 24. | Halpern SH, Muir H, Breen TW, et al. A multicenter randomized controlled trial comparing patient-controlled epidural with intravenous analgesia for pain relief in labor. Anesth Analg, 2004, 99(5): 1532-1538. |
| 25. | 陰俊. 局麻藥切口局部浸潤鎮痛的臨床應用進展. 實用藥物與臨床, 2017, 20(6): 724-728. |
| 26. | 張浩. 外周神經阻滯的新進展. 武警醫學院學報, 2007, 16(2): 195-197. |
| 27. | 劉婧. 術后硬膜外自控鎮痛并發癥的觀察及護理. 中國疼痛醫學雜志, 2017, 23(1): 64-69. |
| 28. | Palmer PP, Miller RD. Current and developing methods of patient-controlled analgesia. Anesthesiol Clin, 2010, 28(4): 587-599. |
| 29. | Paice JA, Portenoy R, Lacchetti C, et al. Management of chronic pain in survivors of adult cancers: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Oncol, 2016, 34(27): 3325-3345. |
| 30. | Zhang H, Gu J, Feng Y, et al. Absorption kinetics of flurbiprofen axetil microspheres in cerebrospinal fluid: A pilot study? Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther, 2017, 55(11): 875-880. |
| 31. | Sultan A, McQuay HJ, Moore RA, et al. Single dose oral flurbiprofen for acute postoperative pain in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2009, (3): CD007358. |
| 32. | Elia N, Lysakowski C, Tramèr MR. Does multimodal analgesia with acetaminophen, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, or selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors and patient-controlled analgesia morphine offer advantages over morphine alone? Meta-analyses of randomized trials. Anesthesiology, 2005, 103(6): 1296-1304. |
| 33. | Kearney PM, Baigent C, Godwin J, et al. Do selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors and traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs increase the risk of atherothrombosis? Meta-analysis of randomised trials. BMJ, 2006, 332(7553): 1302-1308. |
| 34. | Clarke H, Soneji N, Ko DT, et al. Rates and risk factors for prolonged opioid use after major surgery: population based cohort study. BMJ, 2014, 348: g1251. |
| 35. | Chu LF, Angst MS, Clark D. Opioid-induced hyperalgesia in humans: molecular mechanisms and clinical considerations. Clin J Pain, 2008, 24(6): 479-496. |
| 36. | Bruijnzeel AW. kappa-Opioid receptor signaling and brain reward function. Brain Res Rev, 2009, 62(1): 127-146. |
| 37. | 徐建國. 成人術后疼痛治療進展. 臨床麻醉學雜志, 2011, 27(3): 299-301. |
| 38. | 陳冰宇, 邴彥秋, 袁士濤, 等. 鹽酸羥考酮用于髖關節置換術后蘇醒期的鎮痛療效觀察. 中國醫學創新, 2016, 13(6): 130-133. |
| 39. | Jahangiri Fard A, Farzanegan B, Khalili A, et al. Paracetamol instead of ketorolac in post-video-assisted thoracic surgery pain management: a randomized trial. Anesth Pain Med, 2016, 6(6): e39175. |
| 40. | 中華醫學會麻醉學分會. 腎上腺糖皮質激素圍手術期應用專家共識(2017 版). 臨床麻醉學雜志, 2017, 33(7): 712-716. |
| 41. | Kwon SK, Yang IH, Bai SJ, et al. Periarticular injection with corticosteroid has an additional pain management effect in total knee arthroplasty. Yonsei Med J, 2014, 55(2): 493-498. |
| 42. | Peng K, Zhang J, Meng XW, et al. Optimization of postoperative intravenous patient-controlled analgesia with opioid-dexmedeto-midine combinations: an updated meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis of randomized controlled trials. Pain Physician, 2017, 20(7): 569-596. |
| 43. | Doering S, Katzlberger F, Rumpold G, et al. Videotape preparation of patients before hip replacement surgery reduces stress. Psychosom Med, 2000, 62(3): 365-373. |
| 44. | 許慶珍, 宋瑰琦, 單麗梅, 等. 術前疼痛教育對開胸術后疼痛控制效果的影響. 護理實踐與研究, 2013, 10(10): 1-4. |
| 45. | Li S, Zhou K, Che G, et al. Enhanced recovery programs in lung cancer surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Cancer Manag Res, 2017, 9: 657-670. |
| 46. | 任緒華. 術前疼痛教育對胸部手術后病人疼痛控制的影響. 護理研究:上旬版, 2011, 25(10): 2584-2585. |
| 47. | Martin MY, Pisu M, Kvale EA, et al. Developing effective cancer pain education programs. Curr Pain Headache Rep, 2012, 16(4): 332-342. |
| 48. | Wang Y, Zhang HB, Xia B, et al. Preemptive analgesic effects of flurbiprofen axetil in patients undergoing radical resection of esophageal carcinoma via the left thoracic approach. Chin Med J (Engl), 2012, 125(4): 579-582. |
| 49. | Baidya DK, Khanna P, Maitra S. Analgesic efficacy and safety of thoracic paravertebral and epidural analgesia for thoracic surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg, 2014, 18(5): 626-635. |
| 50. | Kahokehr A, Sammour T, Srinivasa S, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis of intraperitoneal local anaesthetic for pain reduction after laparoscopic gastric procedures. Br J Surg, 2011, 98(1): 29-36. |
| 51. | Pu Q, Ma L, Mei J, et al. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery versus posterolateral thoracotomy lobectomy: A more patient-friendly approach on postoperative pain, pulmonary function and shoulder function. Thorac Cancer, 2013, 4(1): 84-89. |
| 52. | Nagahiro I, Andou A, Aoe M, et al. Pulmonary function, postoperative pain, and serum cytokine level after lobectomy. Ann Thorac Surg, 2001,72(2): 362-365. |
| 53. | 劉飛, 鄒文軍, 鮑永新, 等. 術后慢性疼痛的發生率、危險因素及對病人生活質量的影響: 大樣本前瞻性研究. 中華麻醉學雜志, 2017, 37(6): 684-688. |
| 54. | Peng Z, Li H, Zhang C, et al. A retrospective study of chronic post-surgical pain following thoracic surgery: prevalence, risk factors, incidence of neuropathic component, and impact on qualify of life. PLoS One, 2014, 9(2): e90014. |
- 1. 張愛華. 胸外科病人術后疼痛的護理. 齊齊哈爾醫學院學報, 2012, 33(10): 1390-1391.
- 2. Maxwell C, Nicoara A. New developments in the treatment of acute pain after thoracic surgery. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol, 2014, 27(1): 6-11.
- 3. Liu Y, Zhao H, Liu J, et al. Influence of thoracoscopic surgery on inflammatory reaction of the body for early peripheral lung cancer patients. Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi, 2014, 17(10): 730-733.
- 4. Apfelbaum JL, Chen C, Mehta SS, et al. Postoperative pain experience: results from a national survey suggest postoperative pain continues to be undermanaged. Anesth Analg, 2003, 97(2): 534-540.
- 5. Kehlet H, Jensen TS, Woolf CJ. Persistent postsurgical pain: risk factors and prevention. Lancet, 2006, 367(9522): 1618-1625.
- 6. 薛照靜, 黃宇光, 趙晶, 等. 慢性術后疼痛研究進展. 中國疼痛醫學雜志, 2013, 19(11): 685-689-115, 119.
- 7. Bottiger BA, Esper SA, Stafford-Smith M. Pain management strategies for thoracotomy and thoracic pain syndromes. Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth, 2014, 18(1): 45-46.
- 8. Williamson A, Hoggart B. Pain: a review of three commonly used pain rating scales. J Clin Nurs, 2005, 14(7): 798-804.
- 9. Hawker GA, Mian S, Kendzerska T, et al. Measures of adult pain: Visual Analog Scale for Pain (VAS Pain), Numeric Rating Scale for Pain (NRS Pain), McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ), Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ), Chronic Pain Grade Scale (CPGS), Short Form-36 Bodily Pain Scale (SF-36 BPS), and Measure of Intermittent and Constant Osteoarthritis Pain (ICOAP). Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken), 2011, 63 (Suppl 11): S240-S252.
- 10. Castarlenas E, Sánchez-Rodríguez E, Vega Rde L, et al. Agreement between verbal and electronic versions of the numerical rating scale (NRS-11) when used to assess pain intensity in adolescents. Clin J Pain, 2015, 31(3): 229-234.
- 11. Kliger M, Stahl S, Haddad M, et al. Measuring the intensity of chronic pain: are the visual analogue scale and the verbal rating scale interchangeable? Pain Pract, 2015, 15(6): 538-547.
- 12. 劉昕, 高巨, 王存金. 成人疼痛評估工具的研究進展. 實用疼痛學雜志, 2016, 12(6): 461-470.
- 13. Quinn BL, Sheldon LK, Cooley ME. Pediatric pain assessment by drawn faces scales: a review. Pain Manag Nurs, 2014, 15(4): 909-918.
- 14. Vandenbos F, Pop D, Perrotin C, et al. Evolution of pain during respiratory rehabilitation after major lung resection. Rev Mal Respir, 2017, 34(3): 232-239.
- 15. 徐城, 楊曉秋, 劉丹彥. 常用的疼痛評估方法在臨床疼痛評估中的作用. 中國疼痛醫學雜志, 2015, 21(3): 210-212.
- 16. 安春榮. 術后疼痛原因分析與護理措施. 中國冶金工業醫學雜志, 2016, 33(1): 121-122.
- 17. 蘇曼曼, 周陽. 術后疼痛管理研究進展. 護理研究, 2018, 32(17): 2669-2672.
- 18. Andersson V, Bergman S, Henoch I, et al. Pain and pain management in hospitalized patients before and after an intervention. Scand J Pain, 2017, 15: 22-29.
- 19. Kashefimehr A, Babaloo A, Ghanizadeh M, et al. Effect of prophylactic administration of Novafen for periodontal surgery on postoperative pain relief. J Med Life, 2017, 10(2): 127-130.
- 20. 朱璐蘭, 劉文和. 按時鎮痛護理模式在創傷圍手術期的鎮痛效果評價. 湘南學院學報(醫學版), 2015, 17(3): 67-68.
- 21. Gottschalk A, Smith DS. New concepts in acute pain therapy: preemptive analgesia. Am Fam Physician, 2001, 63(10): 1979-1984.
- 22. 高元麗, 代志剛, 郭素香, 等. 不同鎮痛方法用于開胸手術后鎮痛效果的評價. 中國組織工程研究與臨床康復, 2007, 11(17): 3248-3250, 3254.
- 23. Savage C, McQuitty C, Wang D, et al. Postthoracotomy pain management. Chest Surg Clin N Am, 2002, 12(2): 251-263.
- 24. Halpern SH, Muir H, Breen TW, et al. A multicenter randomized controlled trial comparing patient-controlled epidural with intravenous analgesia for pain relief in labor. Anesth Analg, 2004, 99(5): 1532-1538.
- 25. 陰俊. 局麻藥切口局部浸潤鎮痛的臨床應用進展. 實用藥物與臨床, 2017, 20(6): 724-728.
- 26. 張浩. 外周神經阻滯的新進展. 武警醫學院學報, 2007, 16(2): 195-197.
- 27. 劉婧. 術后硬膜外自控鎮痛并發癥的觀察及護理. 中國疼痛醫學雜志, 2017, 23(1): 64-69.
- 28. Palmer PP, Miller RD. Current and developing methods of patient-controlled analgesia. Anesthesiol Clin, 2010, 28(4): 587-599.
- 29. Paice JA, Portenoy R, Lacchetti C, et al. Management of chronic pain in survivors of adult cancers: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Oncol, 2016, 34(27): 3325-3345.
- 30. Zhang H, Gu J, Feng Y, et al. Absorption kinetics of flurbiprofen axetil microspheres in cerebrospinal fluid: A pilot study? Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther, 2017, 55(11): 875-880.
- 31. Sultan A, McQuay HJ, Moore RA, et al. Single dose oral flurbiprofen for acute postoperative pain in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2009, (3): CD007358.
- 32. Elia N, Lysakowski C, Tramèr MR. Does multimodal analgesia with acetaminophen, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, or selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors and patient-controlled analgesia morphine offer advantages over morphine alone? Meta-analyses of randomized trials. Anesthesiology, 2005, 103(6): 1296-1304.
- 33. Kearney PM, Baigent C, Godwin J, et al. Do selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors and traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs increase the risk of atherothrombosis? Meta-analysis of randomised trials. BMJ, 2006, 332(7553): 1302-1308.
- 34. Clarke H, Soneji N, Ko DT, et al. Rates and risk factors for prolonged opioid use after major surgery: population based cohort study. BMJ, 2014, 348: g1251.
- 35. Chu LF, Angst MS, Clark D. Opioid-induced hyperalgesia in humans: molecular mechanisms and clinical considerations. Clin J Pain, 2008, 24(6): 479-496.
- 36. Bruijnzeel AW. kappa-Opioid receptor signaling and brain reward function. Brain Res Rev, 2009, 62(1): 127-146.
- 37. 徐建國. 成人術后疼痛治療進展. 臨床麻醉學雜志, 2011, 27(3): 299-301.
- 38. 陳冰宇, 邴彥秋, 袁士濤, 等. 鹽酸羥考酮用于髖關節置換術后蘇醒期的鎮痛療效觀察. 中國醫學創新, 2016, 13(6): 130-133.
- 39. Jahangiri Fard A, Farzanegan B, Khalili A, et al. Paracetamol instead of ketorolac in post-video-assisted thoracic surgery pain management: a randomized trial. Anesth Pain Med, 2016, 6(6): e39175.
- 40. 中華醫學會麻醉學分會. 腎上腺糖皮質激素圍手術期應用專家共識(2017 版). 臨床麻醉學雜志, 2017, 33(7): 712-716.
- 41. Kwon SK, Yang IH, Bai SJ, et al. Periarticular injection with corticosteroid has an additional pain management effect in total knee arthroplasty. Yonsei Med J, 2014, 55(2): 493-498.
- 42. Peng K, Zhang J, Meng XW, et al. Optimization of postoperative intravenous patient-controlled analgesia with opioid-dexmedeto-midine combinations: an updated meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis of randomized controlled trials. Pain Physician, 2017, 20(7): 569-596.
- 43. Doering S, Katzlberger F, Rumpold G, et al. Videotape preparation of patients before hip replacement surgery reduces stress. Psychosom Med, 2000, 62(3): 365-373.
- 44. 許慶珍, 宋瑰琦, 單麗梅, 等. 術前疼痛教育對開胸術后疼痛控制效果的影響. 護理實踐與研究, 2013, 10(10): 1-4.
- 45. Li S, Zhou K, Che G, et al. Enhanced recovery programs in lung cancer surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Cancer Manag Res, 2017, 9: 657-670.
- 46. 任緒華. 術前疼痛教育對胸部手術后病人疼痛控制的影響. 護理研究:上旬版, 2011, 25(10): 2584-2585.
- 47. Martin MY, Pisu M, Kvale EA, et al. Developing effective cancer pain education programs. Curr Pain Headache Rep, 2012, 16(4): 332-342.
- 48. Wang Y, Zhang HB, Xia B, et al. Preemptive analgesic effects of flurbiprofen axetil in patients undergoing radical resection of esophageal carcinoma via the left thoracic approach. Chin Med J (Engl), 2012, 125(4): 579-582.
- 49. Baidya DK, Khanna P, Maitra S. Analgesic efficacy and safety of thoracic paravertebral and epidural analgesia for thoracic surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg, 2014, 18(5): 626-635.
- 50. Kahokehr A, Sammour T, Srinivasa S, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis of intraperitoneal local anaesthetic for pain reduction after laparoscopic gastric procedures. Br J Surg, 2011, 98(1): 29-36.
- 51. Pu Q, Ma L, Mei J, et al. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery versus posterolateral thoracotomy lobectomy: A more patient-friendly approach on postoperative pain, pulmonary function and shoulder function. Thorac Cancer, 2013, 4(1): 84-89.
- 52. Nagahiro I, Andou A, Aoe M, et al. Pulmonary function, postoperative pain, and serum cytokine level after lobectomy. Ann Thorac Surg, 2001,72(2): 362-365.
- 53. 劉飛, 鄒文軍, 鮑永新, 等. 術后慢性疼痛的發生率、危險因素及對病人生活質量的影響: 大樣本前瞻性研究. 中華麻醉學雜志, 2017, 37(6): 684-688.
- 54. Peng Z, Li H, Zhang C, et al. A retrospective study of chronic post-surgical pain following thoracic surgery: prevalence, risk factors, incidence of neuropathic component, and impact on qualify of life. PLoS One, 2014, 9(2): e90014.