Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics and changing trends of brucellosis from 2014 to 2025 in Yanchi, Ningxia_West China Medical Journal

Authors：

LI Caiyue ¹ , LIANG Fanfan ² , ZUO Jindong ¹ ,  WU Tao ²

1. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yanchi County People’s Hospital, Wuzhong, Ningxia 751500, P. R. China;
2. Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, People’s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Third Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750002, P. R. China;

Corresponding?author：

WU Tao, Email: wutao@nxmu.edu.cn

Keywords：

Brucellosis; surveillance; epidemiology; incidence rate

DOI：

10.7507/1002-0179.202606238

Video：

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Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and changing trends of reported cases of brucellosis in Yanchi, Ningxia, in order to provide scientific basis for optimizing brucellosis prevention and control measures and formulating the next stage of prevention and control plans. Methods The data of reported brucellosis cases with current residential address in Yanchi County were retrospectively extracted from the information system of Yanchi County People’s Hospital and the infectious disease network direct reporting system of Yanchi County Center for Disease Control and Prevention from 2014 to 2025. The epidemiological characteristics and changing trends of brucellosis were analyzed in terms of time, region and population. Results A total of 4271 brucellosis cases were reported in Yanchi County from 2014 to 2025, with an average annual incidence rate of 225.4 per 100000 population. The annual number of cases fluctuated: the peak during the study period was observed in 2022 (522 cases), followed by consecutive declines from 2023 to 2025, with 479, 256 and 193 cases respectively. Cases were mainly concentrated in Huamachi Town, Dashuikeng Town and Wanglejing Township, accounting for 56.75% of all reported cases in the county. The male-to-female ratio was 2.20∶1. The age of patients ranged from 10 months to 88 years. Each 5-year age group within 40-64 years had more than 300 cases, summing to 2880 cases and accounting for 67.43% of the total. Farmers constituted the dominant occupational group (92.25%). Conclusions The number of reported brucellosis cases in Yanchi County fluctuated from 2014 to 2025, with a continuous decline after reaching the peak in 2022. Cases were mainly concentrated in Huamachi Town, Dashuikeng Town and Wanglejing Township. Most patients were aged 40-64 years, and male cases outnumbered female cases. Farmers constituted the predominant occupational group. It is necessary to strengthen surveillance, health education, and personal protection in key areas and among relevant occupational groups according to the distribution characteristics of cases.

Citation： LI Caiyue, LIANG Fanfan, ZUO Jindong, WU Tao. Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics and changing trends of brucellosis from 2014 to 2025 in Yanchi, Ningxia. West China Medical Journal, 2026, 41(9): 1500-1504. doi: 10.7507/1002-0179.202606238 Copy

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13.	王妙, 鄭燦軍, 劉志國, 等. 2004-2023 年內蒙古自治區人間布魯氏菌病時空分布特征分析[J]. 疾病監測, 2025, 40(3): 358-364.
14.	Liu B, Liu G, Ma X, et al. Epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and laboratory findings of 1,590 human brucellosis cases in Ningxia, China[J]. Front Microbiol, 2023, 14: 1259479.
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1. Zhao R, Sun R, Zhang F. Epidemiological characteristics and spatial clustering analysis of human brucellosis in Zibo City, Shandong Province, China, 2006-2024[J]. Front Public Health, 2025, 13: 1580265.
2. 王曉歡, 姜海. 全球人布魯氏菌病流行特征[J]. 中華流行病學雜志, 2020, 41(10): 1717-1722.
3. Dean AS, Crump L, Greter H, et al. Clinical manifestations of human brucellosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2012, 6(12): e1929.
4. 崔步云, 姜海. 2005-2016 年全國布魯氏菌病監測數據分析[J]. 疾病監測, 2018, 33(3): 188-192.
5. 張曉晨, 肖瑛, 李學嘉. 2019-2022 年全國布魯氏菌病監測結果分析[J]. 中華地方病學雜志, 2025, 44(3): 204-208.
6. Jiang H, O’Callaghan D, Ding JB. Brucellosis in China: history, progress and challenge[J]. Infect Dis Poverty, 2020, 9(1): 55.
7. Lai S, Zhou H, Xiong W, et al. Changing epidemiology of human brucellosis, China, 1955-2014[J]. Emerg Infect Dis, 2017, 23(2): 184-194.
8. Duan H, Wu X, Lei Z, et al. Prevalence and spatial distribution characteristics of human brucellosis in Ningxia from 2010 to 2024[J]. PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2026, 20(2): e0013910.
9. Liu G, Ma X, Zhang R, et al. Epidemiological changes and molecular characteristics of brucella strains in Ningxia, China[J]. Front Microbiol, 2024, 15: 1320845.
10. Pereira CR, Cotrim de Almeida JVF, Cardoso de Oliveira IR, et al. Occupational exposure to Brucella spp.: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2020, 14(5): e0008164.
11. Narimisa N, Razavi S, Masjedian Jazi F. Risk factors associated with human brucellosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis, 2024, 24(7): 403-410.
12. Chen Q, Lai S, Yin W, et al. Epidemic characteristics, high-risk townships and space-time clusters of human brucellosis in Shanxi Province of China, 2005-2014[J]. BMC Infect Dis, 2016, 16: 760.
13. 王妙, 鄭燦軍, 劉志國, 等. 2004-2023 年內蒙古自治區人間布魯氏菌病時空分布特征分析[J]. 疾病監測, 2025, 40(3): 358-364.
14. Liu B, Liu G, Ma X, et al. Epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and laboratory findings of 1,590 human brucellosis cases in Ningxia, China[J]. Front Microbiol, 2023, 14: 1259479.
15. Tao Z, Chen Q, Chen Y, et al. Epidemiological characteristics of human brucellosis - China, 2016-2019[J]. China CDC Wkly, 2021, 3(6): 114-119.

West China Medical Journal

Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics and changing trends of brucellosis from 2014 to 2025 in Yanchi, Ningxia

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