Application study of child-friendly nursing based on Goal Attainment Theory in the perioperative period of pediatric patients undergoing day surgery_West China Medical Journal

Authors：

WANG Xianshan , ZHU Min , LI Lan ,  HUANG Mingjun

Day Surgery Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University / West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China;

Corresponding?author：

HUANG Mingjun, Email: huangmingjun@wchscu.cn

Keywords：

Day surgery; pediatric patients; perioperative period; child-friendly nursing; Goal Attainment Theory

DOI：

10.7507/1002-0179.202512426

Video：

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Objective To investigate the clinical effect of child-friendly nursing based on Goal Attainment Theory during the perioperative period in children undergoing day surgery. Methods Using convenience sampling, pediatric patients undergoing day surgery at the Day Surgery Center of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, between July 2024 and January 2025 were selected as the study participants. The patients were randomly assigned to an intervention group or a control group using a random number table. The control group received routine perioperative nursing care, while the intervention group received child-friendly nursing based on Goal Attainment Theory in addition to routine care. Anxiety [modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (m-YPAS)], crying behavior, treatment cooperation, and family members’ satisfaction with nursing care were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention. Results A total of 120 pediatric patients were included, with 60 patients in each group. After the intervention, the intervention group had lower m-YPAS scores [(33.46±4.37) vs. (45.25±5.63) points], fewer crying episodes [(1.49±0.42) vs. (3.48±0.45) episodes], and shorter duration of each crying episode [(4.23±1.84) vs. (7.37±2.36) min] than the control group (P<0.001). The overall treatment cooperation rate was higher in the intervention group than that in the control group (91.67% vs. 78.33%; χ²=4.183, P=0.041). The overall satisfaction rate of family members with nursing care was also higher in the intervention group than that in the control group (95.00% vs. 81.67%; χ²=5.175, P=0.023). Conclusion Child-friendly nursing based on Goal Attainment Theory can alleviate perioperative anxiety and crying behavior in pediatric patients undergoing day surgery, improve treatment cooperation and family members’ satisfaction with nursing care, and has potential clinical application value.

Citation： WANG Xianshan, ZHU Min, LI Lan, HUANG Mingjun. Application study of child-friendly nursing based on Goal Attainment Theory in the perioperative period of pediatric patients undergoing day surgery. West China Medical Journal, 2026, 41(9): 1489-1493. doi: 10.7507/1002-0179.202512426 Copy

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5.	宋慶, 聶婷婷, 舒美燕, 等. 童趣化游戲健康教育在學齡前纖維支氣管鏡手術患兒麻醉誘導中的效果觀察[J]. 護理學報, 2023, 30(19): 74-78.
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13.	韓賽, 任永霞, 劉旭垚, 等. 童趣化情境認知干預在眼科學齡期全麻手術患兒中的應用[J]. 中華護理雜志, 2021, 56(4): 539-544.
14.	王靖, 周煉紅, 歐陽方慧, 等. 童趣化游戲干預在 2~4 歲兒童視力檢測中的應用效果[J]. 中國實用護理雜志, 2024, 40(33): 2588-2593.
15.	丘英英. 興趣游戲干預對學齡前患兒心理狀態護理及其麻醉配合程度的影響[J]. 齊魯護理雜志, 2015, 21(13): 95-96.
16.	吳春芳, 劉淑霞. 童趣誘導聯合代幣法教育對小兒毛細支氣管炎患兒不良情緒及治療依從性的影響[J]. 國際精神病學雜志, 2020, 47(6): 1254-1256, 1264.
17.	賴勇英, 林雪琴, 鄧菁, 等. 以童趣化理念為導向的護理策略在行腹腔鏡闌尾切除手術患兒中的應用[J]. 齊魯護理雜志, 2019, 25(20): 53-56.
18.	王月, 初麗艷, 王珊珊, 等. 術前動畫視頻陪伴改善學齡前兒童分離焦慮及誘導配合的臨床觀察[J]. 中華醫學雜志, 2021, 101(26): 2066-2070.
19.	朱冰花, 蔣楨楨, 陳曉, 等. 人工智能賦能醫學人文在線課程的建設與實踐——以國家級一流本科課程“醫患溝通學”為例[J]. 醫學新知, 2026, 36(7): 834-840.

1. 李睿姝, 俞德梁, 田小合, 等. 急診日間手術發展現狀與管理流程的系統評價[J]. 中國實用外科雜志, 2023, 43(10): 1180-1184.
2. 武玉紅, 莊蕾, 于布為, 等. 患兒術前焦慮的研究進展[J]. 臨床麻醉學雜志, 2022, 38(1): 81-85.
3. 葉劍芳, 王賞利, 周根芝, 等. 童趣化誘導干預模式在學齡前期全麻手術患兒中的應用效果[J]. 中華全科醫學, 2022, 20(9): 1521-1525.
4. 胡藝, 王丹, 許文妍, 等. 童趣化陪伴和藥物鎮靜對緩解學齡前患兒術前焦慮的效果比較[J]. 中華醫學雜志, 2024, 104(29): 2740-2744.
5. 宋慶, 聶婷婷, 舒美燕, 等. 童趣化游戲健康教育在學齡前纖維支氣管鏡手術患兒麻醉誘導中的效果觀察[J]. 護理學報, 2023, 30(19): 74-78.
6. Noroozi F, Dehghan A, Bijani M, et al. Effects of nurse-led intervention programs based on King’s Theory of Goal Attainment on health-promoting behaviors and life satisfaction in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled clinical trial[J]. BMC Nursing, 2024, 23(1): 684.
7. Ryu JH, Park JW, Nahm FS, et al. The effect of gamification through a virtual reality on preoperative anxiety in pediatric patients undergoing general anesthesia: a prospective, randomized, and controlled trial[J]. J Clin Med, 2018, 7(9): 284.
8. Kain ZN, Mayes LC, Cicchetti DV, et al. The Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale: how does it compare with a “gold standard”?[J]. Anesth Analg, 1997, 85(4): 783-788.
9. 代瑩, 鄭先琳, 舒烈琳, 等. 簡化版改良耶魯術前焦慮量表的漢化及信效度研究[J]. 護理研究, 2019, 33(15): 2596-2599.
10. 祁小梅, 張文攀. 精細化護理在小兒靜脈輸液中的應用效果及對患兒依從性、舒適度的影響[J]. 臨床醫學研究與實踐, 2020, 5(35): 187-189.
11. Chow CHT, Rizwan A, Xu R, et al. Association of temperament with preoperative anxiety in pediatric patients undergoing surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. JAMA Netw Open, 2019, 2(6): e195614.
12. 馬婧, 王希銘, 孫斌. 童趣化護理干預對學齡期兒童全麻眼科手術術前焦慮狀態、術后行為的影響[J]. 國際護理學雜志, 2024, 43(14): 2629-2633.
13. 韓賽, 任永霞, 劉旭垚, 等. 童趣化情境認知干預在眼科學齡期全麻手術患兒中的應用[J]. 中華護理雜志, 2021, 56(4): 539-544.
14. 王靖, 周煉紅, 歐陽方慧, 等. 童趣化游戲干預在 2~4 歲兒童視力檢測中的應用效果[J]. 中國實用護理雜志, 2024, 40(33): 2588-2593.
15. 丘英英. 興趣游戲干預對學齡前患兒心理狀態護理及其麻醉配合程度的影響[J]. 齊魯護理雜志, 2015, 21(13): 95-96.
16. 吳春芳, 劉淑霞. 童趣誘導聯合代幣法教育對小兒毛細支氣管炎患兒不良情緒及治療依從性的影響[J]. 國際精神病學雜志, 2020, 47(6): 1254-1256, 1264.
17. 賴勇英, 林雪琴, 鄧菁, 等. 以童趣化理念為導向的護理策略在行腹腔鏡闌尾切除手術患兒中的應用[J]. 齊魯護理雜志, 2019, 25(20): 53-56.
18. 王月, 初麗艷, 王珊珊, 等. 術前動畫視頻陪伴改善學齡前兒童分離焦慮及誘導配合的臨床觀察[J]. 中華醫學雜志, 2021, 101(26): 2066-2070.
19. 朱冰花, 蔣楨楨, 陳曉, 等. 人工智能賦能醫學人文在線課程的建設與實踐——以國家級一流本科課程“醫患溝通學”為例[J]. 醫學新知, 2026, 36(7): 834-840.

West China Medical Journal

Application study of child-friendly nursing based on Goal Attainment Theory in the perioperative period of pediatric patients undergoing day surgery

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