We briefly analyzed the research design and results through summarizing the latest hot spots relevant to targeted therapy in combination with immunotherapy (Abbreviated as “combination therapy” ) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), aiming to provide references for clinical decision-making and future research directions. It was found that the clinical study results related to combination therapy for HCC were different by summarizing the study design and results of combination therapy for HCC in recent years, which might be closely related to the study design, drug selection, research objects selection, protocol implementation, and other factors. It is suggested that a variety of factors such as disease background should be considered when combination therapy for HCC is conducted in order to obtain a more comprehensive and objective understanding.
ObjectiveTo sort out the key evidence-based data and recent advances in the systemic treatment of advanced triple-negative breast carcinoma (TNBC), to summarize the therapeutic strategies so as to provide guidance for clinical practice. MethodsThe key evidence and research progress on immune checkpoint inhibitors, antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs), poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, anti-angiogenic agents, and novel microtubule inhibitors were summarized. ResultsThe treatment landscape for advanced TNBC has shifted from chemotherapy-centric approaches to biomarker-driven, stratified precision therapy. Based on programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression levels, immune therapy combined with chemotherapy is prioritized. For cases with germline breast cancer gene 1/2 (gBRCA1/2) mutations, PARP inhibitors are recommended. ADCs are suggested for second-line treatment, while novel microtubule inhibitors, either alone or in combination with anti-angiogenic agents, are preferred for later-line therapy to extend patient survival. ConclusionDynamic monitoring of molecular biomarkers such as PD-L1 and gBRCA, combined with sequential or combined "targeted–immunotherapy–ADC" regimens in a "chemotherapy-free" approach, has shown promise in improving overall survival in advanced TNBC.