ObjectiveTo investigate the community residents' awareness of knowledge on cardiovascular disease prevention and control and their access methods to relevant information. MethodsBetween June and August, 2013, the residents aged above 45 who came to community health center for diagnosis or treatment were investigated by questionnaires including the acknowledge of prevention for cardiovascular diseases and the access methods to relevant information. ResultsA total of 1 000 residents were involved in this study, including 394 (39.40%) males and 606 (60.60%) females aged from 45 to 98 with an average of 68.3±10.4. The highest rate of awareness of cardiovascular prevention knowledge was regular physical exercise (89.20%), followed by low salt diet (67.20%) and fried food (6.30%). The highest rate of access to the information was information provided verbally by doctors or nurses (77.50%), followed by television and radio (56.00%). ConclusionCommunity center should strengthen the health education of cardiovascular disease prevention and control. Health education should be practiced in an easy way for the residents.
Wuhan Leishenshan Hospital was built within 12 days during the key period of fighting against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan. It was a field infectious disease hospital with 1500 beds. Due to the emergency of the epidemic situation, the operation mode of “parallel of construction, acceptance, training and treatment” was employed. During the peak period, nearly 3000 medical workers and 13000 builders worked on the same site. In 67 days, 2 011 patients with COVID-19 were treated. Through the bundle infection prevention and control (IPC) measures, Wuhan Leishenshan Hospital achieved zero infection, zero accident, and low level pollution of SARS-CoV-2 (0.3%) by environment monitoring. The bundle IPC measures of Leishenshan Hospital not only provided prevention and control experience for other field infectious disease hospitals at domestic and abroad during the period of COVID-19, but also put forward ideas and work flow for other medical institutions to deal with emerging infectious diseases.
In order to standardize the suppliers’ behavior and ensure the healthy development of medical and health services, West China Hospital of Sichuan University deeply analyzed the suppliers’ thought, behavior, and result risk under the idea of Integrity Risk Prevention and Control, and explored the management mode of " dare not rot” " can’t rot” and " don’t want to rot” from the suppliers’ perspective. Several methods were adopted to guide and control suppliers’ behaviors in a standardized way, such as system formulation and publicity, signing the " incorruptible purchasing and saling contract”, supplier filing, " sunshine promotion”, whole-process evaluation, serious accountability, etc. This model can provide a reference for the construction of a new type of cooperation relationship between hospitals and medical enterprises under the new situation.
ObjectiveBy summarizing the clinical characteristics of perioperative patients with cross infection of novel coronavirus in thoracic surgery ward, to guide the prevention and treatment of nosocomial infection during the anti-epidemic period.MethodsThe clinical data of 451 patients with chest diseases in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from January 1st to 24th, 2020 were analyzed and followed up. There were 245 surgical patients and 206 non-surgical patients.ResultsIn the department, 7 patients (7/451, 1.55%) were infected with the novel coronavirus and all of them were surgical patients, whose preoperative imaging data did not reveal the imaging changes of novel coronavirus. There were 5 males and 2 females, aged 56 to 68 years. The patients with old age, smoking, surgery, coronary heart disease, chronic liver disease and tumor history were more susceptible to infection. From the spatial distribution of patient beds, it was found that the distance among infected patients was greater than 1 m, and no cross infection was found in the other patients of the same ward. During follow-up, two family members of noninfected patients were found to be infected one week after discharge. However, there was no overlap of spatiotemporal distribution between the family members and the infected patients during the hospitalization period.ConclusionThe novel coronavirus pneumonia rate in the department of thoracic surgery is low, which may be opportunistic infection. At the same time, a good control and prevention of epidemic disease can reduce the occurrence of cross infection in the department of thoracic surgery.
Objective To explore the Shanghai featured day surgery directory to provide policy support for further promoting the development of day surgery and focusing on appropriate diseases. Methods The data of day surgery patients discharged from Shanghai municipal hospitals within 24 hours between January 1 and September 30, 2021 or between January 1 and September 30, 2022 were collected. The number of day surgical cases, average cost and the trend of surgical diseases in 2021 and 2022 were compared. The day surgical diseases suitable for normalized epidemic prevention and control were summarized. Results A total of 35 municipal hospitals were included, including 175 201 patients. A total of 107 101 operations were performed in 2021 and 68 100 in 2022. In the second quarter of 2022, affected by the epidemic situation in Shanghai, the number of cases undergoing day surgery decreased significantly, and the average cost was not significantly affected by the epidemic situation. In 2022, 27 of the day surgery carried out in Shanghai municipal hospitals did not appear in the national recommended directory, and the number of operations for 6 diseases recovered rapidly under the normalized epidemic prevention and control. Conclusion Vigorously implementing day surgery can improve the utilization rate of hospital beds, speed up the turnover of patients, improve the utilization rate of medical resources, and reduce the hospitalization time of patients, the waiting time for surgery and the accompanying time of family members to meet the epidemic prevention requirements.
Coronavirus disease 2019 has been widespread in Hubei province since the beginning of 2020. Many medical teams went to aid Hubei from the whole country. The medical team of West China Hospital of Sichuan University arrived in Jianghan district of Wuhan on January 25, 2020. As one of the earliest teams arriving Hubei, we explored the measures for infection prevention and control of resident, in order to reduce the risk for infection of medical team. The infection prevention and control experiences on the establishment of infection control team, process management, behavior management, clean disinfection, infection monitoring and emergency response and emergency response to exposure of the medical team of West China Hospital were summarized in this article.
Objective To design a nucleic acid information early warning system and evaluate the effect of the application. Methods 60 nurses working in the clinical department of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from August to October 2021 were selected by convenient sampling method, and the included nurses were divided into experimental group and control group. The experimental group used the nucleic acid information early warning system, and the control group used the nucleic acid registration in a common way. Statistical duration of the nucleic acid information, nucleic acid leakage detection rate and nurses job satisfaction after application were compared between the two groups. Results After the application of nucleic acid information early warning system, compared with the control group, the statistical duration of the nucleic acid information in the experimental group was shortened [(2.0±0.4) vs. (3.8±0.7) min; t=25.827, P<0.001], nucleic acid leakage detection rate decreased [1.4% vs. 6.9%; P=0.019]. The job satisfaction of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.001). Conclusions Applying the nucleic acid information early warning system could reduce statistical duration of the nucleic acid information, nucleic acid leakage detection rate and improve nurses job satisfaction and work experience. It will provide reference and basis for medical institutions to normalize the management of nucleic acid prevention and control in medical institutions.
Running an infection control regular meeting is an effective way to develop and improve the communication between the infection control team and clinical units. This paper introduces the infection control regular monthly meeting which is held in the last week of each month in a newly-opened branch hospital of a university teaching hospital in China. Through collecting the issues for discussion beforehand, feeding back the surveillance data of last month including nosocomial infection, hand hygiene, multidrug-resistant organisms, occupational exposure, and medical waste, discussing the current infection control issues from each ward and trying to solve them together, and delivering and sharing new knowledge, skills, and information in terms of infection control, the monthly meeting achieves remarkable successes in the aspects of promoting the hospital infection control-related cultural construction, enhancing the supervision and implementation of infection control measures, and running new projects on hospital infection management, etc. Infection control regular monthly meeting builds up a study and work platform, promotes the multidisciplinary and multi-department communication and collaboration, and improves the quality of infection control eventually.
The prevention and control of hospital infection should be precise. Otherwise, a lot of medical resources will be wasted. To achieve accuracy, prevention and control should be considered from the microbial level to enhance its scientific nature. It is specifically reflected in the need of having knowledge of microorganisms, understanding the pathogens of infection and their transmission routes, therefore to carry out prevention and control work contrapuntally. Specific measures include infection surveillance at the microbial level, establishing the idea and habits of infection diagnosis from the microbial level, being familiar with microbial perspective to identify infection risks and vulnerabilities, implementing evidence-based prevention and control measures for different pathogens, encouraging researches on infection control and management at the microbial level, and developing precise prevention and control regulations, standards, or guidelines for specific pathogens.
Objective To investiget the necessity of carrying out the education of Tobacco Hazards and Prevention and Control in Chinese universities, and explore the teaching mode of Tobacco Hazards and Prevention and Control suitable for college students, so as to improve the teaching quality and the awareness level of Chinese college students on tobacco hazards. Methods A public elective course on Tobacco Hazards and Prevention and Control was set up in Sichuan University with the teaching mode of scientific popularization education, combining theory and practice. The 43 college students who had completed the public elective course on Tobacco Hazards and Prevention and Control in the autumn semester of 2022 were retrospectively included as the research group (the elective group), and 43 college students who did not take this course in the same period were included as the control group (the non-elective group) by the method of quota sampling. Questionnaire survey was adopted to investigate the basic information, personal and family smoking situation of the two groups of students, evaluate the purpose of taking this course, satisfaction with the course, and mastery of knowledge related to tobacco epidemiology of the students who had completed the course, and compare the awareness of tobacco hazards and the attitude toward tobacco prevention and control between the two groups. Results There was no significant difference in age, gender, education level, place of student source, personal smoking situation, family smoking situation, or secondhand smoking exposure between the two groups (P>0.05). In the elective group, 58.1% of the students chose the course due to their personal interests, and 74.4% of the students were very satisfied with the course. The awareness rates of smoking causing myocardial infarction (97.7% vs. 72.1%) and stroke (97.7% vs. 81.4%), secondhand smoking causing heart disease in adults (97.7% vs. 76.7%), and “low tar not equaling to low hazard” (86.0% vs. 37.2%) in the elective group were significantly higher than those in the non-elective group (P<0.05). The rates of awareness of E-cigarettes being harmful to health and supportive attitude toward smoking being forbidden in public places were high in both groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Carrying out the public elective course on Tobacco Hazards and Prevention and Control in comprehensive universities with the teaching mode of popularizing science education and combining theory and practice can improve the theoretical knowledge and awareness level of college students related to tobacco, which is of great significance to improving the tobacco prevention and control awareness of college students.