Objective To observe the influence of the expression of CD18 on the neutrophile and the leukocyte adhesion to retinal vascular endothelium by hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1alpha;) in early diabetic retinopathy rats. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats received intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin to induce diabetes model. 18 diabetic rats were divided into 3 groups randomly after 2 months of diabetes induction, including diabetic group (group B), HIF-1alpha; anti-sense oligonucleotides (ASODN) injection group (group C) and HIF-1alpha; sense oligonucleotides (SODN) injection group (group D), the age and weigh matched health rats were chosen as control group (group A), with 6 rats in each group. Then group A and B rats received 5% glucose solution caudalis veins injection, group C and group D rats received HIF-1alpha; ASODN and HIF-1alpha; SODN caudalis veins injection, respectively(025 mg/kg).The level of CD18 on the neutrophil isolated from the peripheral blood was measured by flow cytometry. Retinal leukostasis was quantified with acridine orange leukocyte fluorography. Results The percentage of CD18 positive neutrophil cell was（44.93plusmn;3.60）% in group B，（18.66plusmn;1.52）% in group A，（31.66plusmn;4.72）% in group C，（51.00plusmn;5.66）% in group D. Compared with each other groups，the differences are statistically significant （F=42.46, Plt;0.001）. The number of positive staining cells of retinal leukocyte was （46.16plusmn;10.68）in group A，（133.83plusmn;20.43）in group B,（99.83plusmn;9.28）in group C，（121.33plusmn;10.23） in group C. Compared group B with group C，the number of positive staining cells raised about 2.89 times；compared group B with group C and D，the differences are statistically significant （P=0.12，95% confidence interval -3.69~28.69）. Conclusions In vivo, HIF-1alpha; can decreased the expression of CD18 on neutrophils from diabetic ratsprime; peripheral blood and the collection of retinal leukostasis in the diabetic animals. HIF-1alpha; may serve as a therapeutic target for the treatment and/or prevention of early diabetic retinopathy. （Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2008，24：268-271）
ObjectiveTo investigate the potential effect of hyperopia status on subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) in silicone oil (SO)-filled eyes.MethodsThis self-comparative study was conducted in Department of Ophthalmology, Central Theater Command General Hospital. The 50 patients (100 eyes) were collected with unilateral macula-on rhegmatogenous retinal detachment from January 2019 to July 2019, who successfully underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and SO tamponade. Retinal reattachment was observed after surgery in all patients. One month after PPV, the affected eye was wore soft, contact lenses for 24 hours to correct refractive error (RE), depending on its optometry value. The SFCT of the affected eyes was measured using OCT before and after lenses wear. The fellow eyes also received OCT examination at the same time. T test was used to compare SFCT between SO-filled eyes and fellow eyes.ResultsThe mean RE of the SO-filled eyes was +6.38±1.12 D. The mean SFCT of SO-filled eyes (247.12±17.63 μm) was significantly thinner than that of the fellow eyes (276.32.55±17.63 μm) (P＜0.001). The SFCT of the SO-filled eyes was significantly thinner than fellow eyes, and the difference was statistically significant (t=－3.95, P＜0.001). After lenses wear, the mean SFCT of the SO-filled eyes increased to 276.32±24.86 μm. Compared with before lenses wear, the difference was statistically significant (t=－4.30, P＜0.001). Compared with the fellow eye, the difference was not statistically significant (t=0.05, P＞0.05).ConclusionSFCT reduction in the SO-filled eyes may be due to the hyperopia status caused by SO, which can be reserved by RE correction.
ObjectiveTo study changes in choroidal thickness(CT) with intravitreal injections of ranibizumab treatment. MethodsThis is a prospective, uncontrolled, open-label study. A total of 31 eyes of 31 patients diagnosed with wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and 33 eyes of 33 patients diagnosed with choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to pathological myopia (PM) were included in the study. All affected eyes were treated with intravitreal ranibizumab 0.05 ml (10 mg/ml) and followed up monthly until 6 months. Enhanced depth imaging on Cirrus spectral-domain optical coherence tomography was used to measure the CT. The initial CT was compared with the data at 1, 3 and 6 month after treatment, and the correlation between of the decrease of CT at the 6 month and the number of injection times was analyzed. ResultsIn AMD group, the average CT respectively decreased by (9.68±11.02), (12.58±11.04), (13.84±11.67)μm at 1, 3 and 6 month, and the differences were significant(t=4.89, 6.34, 6.60;P < 0.001). In PM group, the average CT respectively decreased by (2.06±10.92), (3.64±8.78), (3.27±7.20)μm at 1, 3 and 6 month. The difference at 1 month was not significant (t=1.08, P=0.287). While after 3 months and 6 months, the differences were significant(t=2.38, 2.61;P=0.024, 0.014). The injection times were not correlated with the CT decreases at 6 month in both groups(r=0.04, 0.30;P=0.815, 0.099). ConclusionIntravitreal injections of ranibizumab can induce choroidal thickness reduction for wet age-related macular degeneration and choroidal neovascularization secondary to pathologic myopia.
ObjectiveTo observe the effects of angiostatin on the activity of extra-cellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) of retinal microvascular endothelial cells of mice.MethodsAngiostatin was separated and purified by l-lysine sepharose 4B from human plasma. The primary retinal microvascular endothelial cells were divided into 4 groups: the control group, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) 10 ng/ml group, angiostatin 130 μg/ml group, and VEGF (10 ng/ml) + angiostatin (130 μg/ml) group. The expression of ERK1 was assayed by Westernblotting method 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, and 30 minutes after the treatment of angiostatin.ResultsCompared with the control group, the expression of ERK-1 reduced 1 minute after treatment, reduced markedly after 10 minutes. After 30 minutes, no differences of the expression of ERK were seen between the control group and angiostatin group. The activation of ERK-1 of retinal microvascular endothelial cells occurred after stimulated by VEGF, and at the pitch at the peak after 5 minutes. The level of ERK in VEGF group increased 210% than that in the control (P＜0.05). After 30 minutes, no significant difference of the level of ERK between VEGF and the control group. And because of angiostatin, the expression of ERK-1 decreased 11.9%(1 minute)、17.9%(2 minutes)、38.7%(5 minutes)、49.3%(10 minutes) （P＜0.05）、27.9%(15 minutes)、1.12%(30 minutes) respectively.ConclusionsAngiostatin can effectively block the signal path through which VEGF transmits from outside of the cell to cellular nuclei. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2005,21:170-173)
purpose To study the visual electrophysiological changes in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis. Methods The visual evoked potentials(VEP) and electroretinogram(ERG) of 26 subjects with chronic glomerulonephritis in 51 eyes were recorded. Results Ours studies showed the patients with chronic glomerulonephritis had pathologic visual electrophysiologic abnormalities.The N 75 peak latency,b wave peak latency O 1 peak latency and total amplitude of OPs in chronic glomerulonephritis patients without fundus sign showed remarkable difference. Conclusion These changes suggested visual electrophysiological examination may be valuable in early diagnosis of retinal disfunction in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1998,14:162-164)
ObjectiveTo observe the protective effect of Zhicao Tea Mixture on Müller cells and the expression of inflammatory factors in mice with diabetic retinopathy.MethodsSeventy-five C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into the normal control group, diabetes mellitus (DM) group, low concentrations group, medium concentrations group and high concentrations group, with 16 mice in each group. The diabetes model of mice in all groups except the normal control group were established by intraperitoneal injection of STZ (60 mg/kg). Four weeks after the successful modeling, the Zhicao Tea Mixture with low (30 ml/kg), medium (60 ml/kg) and high concentrations (120 ml/kg) were respectively administered by gavage. Weight and blood glucose of mice in each group were measured every two weeks. After 8 weeks, Western blot method was used to detect the mice retina Müller cells activation marker gelatinous fibrous acidic protein (GFAP). Immunofluorescence was performed to detect the expression GFAP and glutamine synthetase (GS). Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and ELISA were used to determine the mRNA and protein expression levels of mouse retinal VEGF, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 respectively.ResultsThe weight of mice in the DM group was lower than that of the normal control group, and the blood glucose was increased. Zhicao Tea Mixture had no effect on the weight of DM mice, but had a significant hypoglycemic effect. The GFAP expression (t=38.318, P＜0.001) in the retina of mice in the DM group was increased and GS expression (t=29.737, P＜0.001) was decreased compared with the control group. The GFAP expression (t=13.677, 19.387, 16.305; P＜0.05) in the retina of mice in the low, medium and high concentrations group were decreased and GS expression (t=5.170, 19.399, 6.705; P＜0.05) were increased compared with the DM group. The expressions of retinal inflammatory factors VEGF, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in DM group all increased, while the expressions of the above-mentioned inflammatory factors in the retina of mice decreased in the low, medium and high concentrations group.ConclusionZhicao Tea Mixture can decrease the blood glucose of DM mice and reduces the diabetic retinal inflammatory response.
Objective To investigate the features and main reasons of blindness induced by uveitis in China. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the data from 1214 patients with uveitis, referring to Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, with special respect to the incidence of blindness in different uveitis entities, the characteristics of blindness, and possible causes for the blindness. Results In the affected 1892 eyes of 1214 patients with uveitis, 355 eyes (18.83%) were blind. The mean age at the onset of blindness was 34.38 years and the gender ratio of male to female was 1.52:1. The blindness led by panuveitis was found in 248 eyes (26.27%), including 128 (51.61%) and 73 (29.44%) blind eyes caused by Behcet’s disease and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome. Complicated cataract, vitreous opacity and secondary glaucoma were responsible for the blindness of the patients with panuveitis［89(35.89%), 53 (21.37%), and 30 eyes (12.10%), respectively］. Blindness caused by anterior uveitis was noted in 79 eyes (10.73%) with the main reasons of complicated cataract ［56 eyes (70.89%)］and secondary glaucoma［16 eyes (20.25%)］, posterior uveitis in 15 eyes (15.63%) with the main reason of vitreous opacity ［9 eyes (60.00%)］, macular diseases in 3 eyes (20.00%), intermediate uveitis in 13 eyes (11.21%) with the main reasons of vitreous opacity［8 eyes (61.54%)］, and complicated cataract in 5 eyes (38.46%). Conclusions Uveitis is one of the important causes leading to blindness, especially in the young adults. Panuveitis, especially Behcet’s disease and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome, are the most common entities responsible for blindness in patients with uveitis. Complicated cataract and secondary glaucoma are the main causes of blindness in uveitis. (Chin J O cul Fundus Dis, 2005, 21: 350-352)
ObjectiveTo observe the changes of macula in patients with high myopia after phacoemulsification. MethodsIn 20 patients with high myopia with ocular axial length≥27 mm, optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed on the operative and contralateral eyes 1 week before and after monocular phacoemulsification, respectively, and the OCT images of macula of the operative eyes were observed and compared.ResultsOne week before and after phacoemulsification, the mean macular fovea thickness of the patients with high myopia was (131.6±16.37) μm and (189.75±45.69) μm, respectively, with a significant difference (t=2.805, P=0.01). Simultaneously, the mean macular fovea thickness of the contralateral eyes was (133.5±15.12) μm and (133.5±14.63) μm, respectively, with a non-significant difference (t=1.367, P=0.853). In 20 operative eyes 1 week after phacoemulsification, 3 had vitreous strand around the macula with retinal thickening, 1 had retinoschisis in macular area, and 2 had obvious retinal thickening with slight retinal edema.ConclusionRetinal thickening occurs in the patients with high myopia after phacoemulsification. Traction of retina by vitreous strand or subclinical retinoschisis may occur in some patients.(Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2005,21:90-92)
Objective To detect the changes of function of blood-aqueous barrier in different Syndrome stages of patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) syndrome in order to provide the appropriate therapy. Methods According to clinical manifestation, 77 patients (144 eyes) with VKH syndrome were divided into 4 groups: 10 cases in posterior uvietis stage group (20 eyes), 27 in anterior uveal involvement stage group (50 eyes), 23 in recurrent anterior uvitis stage group (41 eyes), and 17 in convalescent stage group (33 eyes). The other 50 cases (100 eyes) were in the control group. Flare and cells of anterior chamber in patient with VKH Syndrome at different stages were graded and measured by laser flare and cell meter (LFCM) and slitlamp microscope. Results According to the results of slitlamp biomicroscopy, anterior chamber flare and cells were at the 0 grade in the patients at posterior uvietis stage (20 eyes). The results of LFCM examination revealed that the flare value and cells were (9.7±3.4) pc/ms and (0.9±0.6)/0.5 mm3 in posterior uvietis stage group, and (5.3±2.3) pc/ms and (0.8±0.6)/0.5 mm3 in the control group. The differences between the two groups were significant (Plt;0.001) and insignificant (P=0.899), respectively. In anterior uveal involvement stage group, the cells in anterior chamber was at grade 1+ in 25 eyes, 2+ in 19, and 3+ in 6, respectively, while the flare was at grade 1+in 27 eyes and 2+ in 23; the number of cells in anterior chamber was (13.7±6.5)/0.5 mm3，(40.8±17.6)/0.5 mm3, and (75.7±25.5)/ 0.5 mm3 respectively, and the value of flare was (31.4±12.8) pc/ms and (133.4±59.5) pc/ms. In recurrent anterior uvitis stage group, the cells in anterior chamber was at grade 1+ in 19 eyes, 2+ in 15, and 3+ in 7, respectively, while the flare was at grade 1+ in 24 eyes and 2+ in 17; the number of cells in anterior chamber was (11.2±5.4)/0.5 mm3，(29.6±14.4 )/0.5 mm3,and (69.3±22.2)/0.5 mm3, respectively, and the value of flare was (34.94±14.3) pc/ms and (150.9±83.3) pc/ms. The flare and cells in anterior chamber both in anterior uveal involvement stage and recurrent anterior uvitis stage group were higher than that in the control group (Plt;0.001). In convalescent stage group, the cells was at grade 0 in 33 eyes and the flare was at grade 0 in 15 eyes and 1+ in 18; while the number of cells was (1.0±0.7)/0.5 mm3 which was insignificantly differed from that in the control group (P=0.310), and the value of flare was (9.5±4.8) pc/ms and (30.0±12.3) pc/ms which were both higher than that in the control group (Plt;0.001). Conclusions The breakdown of blood-aqueous barrier with different degrees occurs at each stage in VKH syndrome, whereas inflammatory cells appearing in anterior chamber are only noted at some certain stages. This is very significant to offer directional and effective treatment to the patients with VKH syndrome. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2005, 21: 363-366)
ObjectiveTo observe the expression of hot shock protein 47 (HSP47) in pre-retinal membrane of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) and the influence of transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2) on the expression of HSP47 in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell. MethodsPre-retinal membranes were collected and observed by hematoxylin-eosin, Masson and immunohistochemical staining. Cultured ARPE-19 cells were treated with TGF-β2 at serial concentration (0, 1, 5, 10 ng/ml) and time (0, 12, 24, 48 hours), respectively. And then the mRNA and protein expressions of HSP47 and Col-Ⅰ were measured by fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot at the same time. ResultsA lot of epithelial cells with pigmental particles were observed in pre-retinal membranes of PVR, much accumulated collagen protein was observed in the specimens, and HSP47 positive expression was bserved in cytoplasm and stroma of most of the epithelioid cells. Compared with 0 ng/ml group, the expressions of HSP47 mRNA in ARPE-19 were up-regulated by 1.32, 2.35, 1.85 fold, significant differences were observed in all groups (F=27.21, P<0.05); the expressions of protein were up-regulated by 2.33, 2.89, 2.60 fold, significant differences were observed in all groups (F=39.78, P<0.05). The expressions of Col-Ⅰ mRNA were up-regulated by 1.29, 1.52, 2.11 fold, significant differences were observed in all groups (F=23.45, P<0.05); the expressions of protein were up-regulated by 1.18, 1.49, 2.11 fold and significant differences were observed in all groups (F=29.10, P<0.05). Compared with 0 hour group, the expressions of HSP47 mRNA were up-regulated by 1.56, 1.84, 2.86 fold in ARPE-19 cells stimulated by 5 ng/ml TGF-β2 for 12, 24 and 48 hours, and the differences were all significant (F=31.56, P<0.05); the expressions of protein were up-regulated by 2.08, 2.37, 2.80 fold, and the differences were all significant (F=49.18, P<0.05). The expressions of Col-Ⅰ mRNA were up-regulated by 1.57, 1.86, 2.78 fold and the differences were all significant (F=54.43, P<0.05), the expressions of protein were up-regulated by 1.38, 1.59, 2.16 fold and the differences were all significant (F=42.52, P<0.05). ConclusionTGF-β2 may play a role in the pathologic process of PVR by promoting the expression of HSP47 and then increasing the synthesis and accumulation of Col-Ⅰ.