Objective To provide theoretical evidence for clinical application of the epidermal stem cells after an investigation on changes of the epidermal stem cells during the survival process after the fullthickness skin autograft. Methods On the backs of 42 Wistar rats, orthotopic transplantation models (1.5 cm×1.5 cm) of the fullthickness skin autograft were made. According to the time of the specimen taking, at 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21 and 30 days after operation, the rats were randomly divided in 7 groups (Groups 1-7). Specimens taken in each group before operation were used as controls. At each time point, the gross observation was made on the transplanted skin flaps, from which the skin tissues were harvested at each time point before and after operation. The routine pathological and the immunohistochemical examinations were performed on the specimens, which were stained by HE and were observed for immunohistochemical changes and the changes in the cells positive for integrinβ-1 and p63. Results All the fullthickness skin autografts survived 3 days after operation except the skin autograft in 1 rat in both Group 5 and Group 6, which was infected around the transplanted skin flap. In Groups 1-4, cell edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, and increased fibrocytes were observed. In Groups 5-7, the maturity degree of the epithelial cells became higher and higher, and the fibrocyte proportion was lowered. In each group the cell positivity rate for integrin β1 was lower than the cell positivity rate for p63. The positive cells were arranged in disorder, distributed into the layers of the epidermis and gradually concentrated in the basal layer of the epidermis and the bulge of the folliculus pili. The positive cells were also found in the other layers of the epidermis.The positive cells were gradually decreased in number, and reached the lowest level in Group 2. There was a significant difference in the above variables in Groups 1,2,3,5,6 and 7 between before and after operations (P＜0.05). Conclusion During the survival process of the fullthickness skin autograft, the proportion of theepidermal stem cells is gradually decreased at first; Then, the proportion isgradually increased, even beyond the normal level; finally, the proportion is decreased again. The distribution of the epidermal stem cells appear in disorder, almost distributed in the layers of the epidermis; finally, the almost normal distribution can be found.
ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between p53 gene family and thyroid cancer.MethodThe related literatures in the database were reviewed and analyzed.ResultsThe p53 gene family included p53, p63, and p73. The p53 played an important role in the development of thyroid cancer, especially in the development of undifferentiated thyroid cancer. The different subtypes of p63 might have different roles in the thyroid cancer, so it couldn’t be generally said that the p63 was an oncogene or an anti-oncogene, and the function of its specific protein needed to be further studied. The biological role of p73 in the thyroid cells might be contradictory, depending on the interaction of many different factors, and the interaction between various p73 subtypes and members of the p53 molecular network was still unclear.ConclusionThere is still some controversy about role of p53 gene family in development of thyroid cancer.
Transcription factor p63 originates from p53 protein family and is encoded by TP63 gene. TP63 gene contains two different promoters encoding two proteins, TAp63 and ΔNp63, which can be cleaved to produce p63α, p63β, p63δ and some other subtypes. ΔNp63α is one of the promoters of TP63 gene and acts as a core regulatory factor to regulate gene expression at epigenetic and transcriptional levels. Recent research shows that ΔNp63α abnormal expression can lead to the occurrence of various malignant tumors and reduce the sensitivity of malignant tumors to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Therefore, ΔNp63α can be used as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for malignant tumors. This article reviews the latest research progress of ΔNp63α in the mechanism and drug resistance in malignant tumors.
目的:探討ΔNp63和Ki67在膀胱移行上皮癌(transitional cell carcinoma of bladder,TCCB)中的免疫組化表達及與膀胱癌病理分級、臨床病理分期和預后的相關性。方法:隨機選擇2006～2007年間56例TCCB和12例正常膀胱黏膜病理切片用SP免疫組化行ΔNp63和Ki67檢測,將結果與病理分級、分期和預后進行分析。結果:ΔNp63和Ki67在膀胱移行細胞癌中的陽性表達率明顯高于正常膀胱黏膜(Plt;005)。ΔNp63和Ki67在低分化、浸潤性癌組織中的陽性表達率明顯高于高分化、淺表性癌組織,在膀胱癌的病理分級和臨床分期之間表達差異有統計學意義(Plt;005)。ΔNp63和Ki67在復發病例中的陽性表達率顯著高于初發病例(Plt;005)。采用Spearman等級相關性分析對ΔNp63和Ki67在TCCB中的表達進行比較,ΔNp63與Ki67呈正相關,rs′為0316,且Plt;005。結論:ΔNp63和Ki67與膀胱癌的臨床病理分級和分期及預后密切相關,隨膀胱癌分化程度的降低和浸潤程度的增加而增強。ΔNp63和Ki67在TCCB的進展中可能有相互協同作用,ΔNp63可能通過促進細胞增殖發揮促癌作用,聯合檢測ΔNp63和Ki67可以作為判斷TCCB的預后的腫瘤標記物。