Objective To investigate and analyze the employment status and related influencing factors of maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Methods MHD patients from four hemodialysis centers in Beijing between January 2020 and January 2021 were selected. The baseline data and clinical data of patients with long dialysis interval were collected. An anxiety and depression survey was conducted on the patient. Results A total of 108 MHD patients were included. Among them, 41 patients were working and 67 patients were not working. Among the 41 patients at work, there were 3 workers, 1 farmer, 14 company employees, 6 public institution employees, 11 self-employed, 5 freelancer and 1 other. Among the 67 patients who did not work, 8 patients had the ability to work but did not work. Body mass index was an independent influencing factor for employment in MHD patients [odds ratio=1.135, 95% confidence interval (1.017, 1.266), P=0.024]. Conclusion The nutritional status of MHD patients should be taken seriously to improve their employment rate.