Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of amoxicillin/sulbactam (AMX/SBT) in the treatment of acute bacterial infections. Method A multicentre randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted. Ampicillin/sulbactam (AMP/SBT) was chosen as the control drug. 113 patients were enrolled in the study (58 cases in test group and 55 cases in control group). AMX/SUL and AMP/SUL were administered 4.5-6.0 g and 4.5-12.0 g every day respectively. Both drugs were given intravenously for 7-14 days. Results The cure rates and the efficacy rates of the two groups were 75.86%, 80.0% and 94.83%, 98.18% respectively. The β-lactamase producing rates were 67.35% , 69.57% and the bacterial clearance rates were 93.88%, 95.65%.There were no significant differences of the above results between the two groups (Pgt;0.05). There was no serious adverse drug reaction in AMX/SBT groups. Conclusion This study suggests that AMX/SBT is an effective and safe drug for treating acute bacterial infections.
Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of domestic sparfloxacin in the treatment of acute bacterial infections. Methods A multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted. 117 patients were treated with domestic sparfloxacin 200-300 mg qd for 5-14 days and 114 patients were treated with domestic lomefloxacin 300 mg bid for 5-14 days. Results The cure rates and the efficacy rates in each group were 84.62%, 74.56% and 94.87%, 92.98%, respectively. The bacterial clearance rates were 94.28% and 92.02%, respectively. Adverse drug reactions rates were 7.69% and 11.40%, most of them were mild. There were no significant differences of above results between the two groups (Pgt;0.05). Conclusions The results suggest that sparfloxacin with wide antibacterial spectrum, satisfactory activity, is an effective and safe antibacterial agent in treatment of mild to moderate acute bacterial infections.
Bacterial and viral infections pose persistent threats to global public health. As core mediators of host-pathogen interactions, extracellular vesicles (EVs) exert bidirectional regulation over infectious progression by mediating immune defense and pathogenic injury. This review systematically elaborates the biological characteristics of host-derived, bacterium-secreted and virus-hijacked EVs, discusses their offensive-defensive crosstalk during infection, and summarizes their translational potential in non-invasive diagnosis, targeted therapy and vaccine development. Meanwhile, major obstacles restricting clinical translation, including the absence of standardized preparation protocols, suboptimal targeting performance and insufficient data on long-term biosafety, are critically assessed. Deciphering the bidirectional regulatory mechanisms of EVs holds the potential to overcome the limitations of traditional anti-infection regimens and provide novel insights for the precision medicine in infectious diseases.