Including gut microbiota and oral microbiota, various microorganisms in different human ecosystem constitute the human microbiota, which play an important role in human metabolism, immunity and maintaining microecological homeostasis. Abnormal changes in gut microbiota known as dysbiosis may lead to metabolic abnormalities and inflammatory changes, which are closely related to disease states including hypertension, diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, and autoimmune diseases. The main cause of coronary artery disease is coronary atherosclerosis, a chronic and progressive inflammatory disease. Many evidences have shown that there is a correlation between gut microbiota and coronary artery disease. Therefore, we aim to review the relationship between gut microbiota and coronary artery disease, and discuss the possible research directions and application prospects.
目的 探討環氧化酶-2（COX-2）在幽門螺桿菌（Hp）感染與非感染性胃潰瘍及胃癌的表達。 方法 選擇綿陽市404醫院消化內科2011年2月－2012年2月的門診及住院患者，用免疫組織化學方法檢測196例經胃鏡和組織病理學檢查明確為胃潰瘍（病理分型：腸上皮化生、異型增生）、胃癌及正常胃黏膜者的胃黏膜COX-2蛋白的表達，比較各病理分類之間及Hp感染與非感染之間COX-2蛋白表達的差異。 結果 胃潰瘍（腸上皮化生、異型增生）、胃癌組的炎癥細胞、腺上皮細胞、癌細胞及極少量正常黏膜上皮細胞中有COX-2表達。從正常胃黏膜-胃潰瘍（腸上皮化生、異型增生）-胃癌COX-2的陽性表達有逐漸增強的趨勢（P＜0.05）。Hp陽性組COX-2的陽性表達高于Hp陰性組（P＜0.05），胃癌組COX-2的陽性表達高于胃潰瘍組（P＜0．05）。 結論 COX-2在胃癌的表達高于胃潰瘍。Hp感染可誘導COX-2過度表達。
Objective To understand the effect of World Health Organization(WHO) multimodal hand hygiene improvement strategy on hand hygiene compliance among acupuncturists. Methods All the acupuncturists in departments (Department of Acupuncture, Department of Encephalopathy, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology) with acupuncture programs in Xi’an Hospital of TCM were chosen in this study between September 2015 and August 2016. Based on the WHO multimodal hand hygiene improvement strategy, comprehensive measures were regulated among acupuncturists. Hand hygiene compliance and accuracy, and hand hygiene knowledge score were compared before and after the strategy intervention. Then, the effects of key strategies were evaluated. Results Overall hand hygiene compliance rate, accuracy and knowledge scores increased from 51.07%, 19.86% and 81.90±2.86 before intervention to 72.34%, 51.70%, and 98.62±2.92 after intervention (P<0.05). Hand hygiene compliance rates also increased in various occasions such as before contacting the patient, after contacting the patient, before acupuncture treatment, and before acupuncture needle manipulation (P<0.05). Conclusion Hand hygiene compliance in acupuncturists can be significantly improved by the implementation of WHO multimodal hand hygiene improvement strategy.
Objective To investigate the early and long-outcomes of coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients with coronary artery disease(CAD)(age≤45 years). Methods Data of 596 adult CAD patients (include AMI and Angina) who underwent CABG in our hospital were collected retrospectively from May 2010 to October 2018. In an AMI group, 234 were male patients with an average age of 41.59±3.79 years; 26 were female patients with an average age of 41.64±3.03 years. In an angina group, 280 were male patients with an average age of 42.19±2.90 years; 56 were female patients with an average age of 41.54±3.52 years. Preoperative baseline variables, perioperative mortality, major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) were compared between two group. Results There was no significant difference in all preoperative variables. Seven patients were died and the hospital mortality rate was 1.23% (1.54% vs. 0.89%, P=0.477). The complications including reoperation for bleeding, cerebral infarction, renal failure and atrial fibrillation arrhythmia were without significant difference between two group (P>0.05). The intensive care unit stay duration (30.66±27.46 h vs. 23.96±15.11 h), intubation duration (22.54±22.31 h vs. 18.64±11.81 h) and hospitalization costs (97 186±33 741￥ vs. 90 081±24 537￥, P=0.003) were greater in the AMI group. The hospital mortality rate and complications rate were without significant difference between STEMI (ST segment elevated myocardial infarction) and NSTEMI (non-ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction) subgroups (P>0.05). The follow-up rate was 92.6% (546 patients) and the follow-up time was 4 (0.5 to 8.5) years. All cause-mortality rate was 3.85% (21 patients), and freedom MACCE was 72.2%. The freedom from MACCE, recurred angina and cerebral infarction were without significant difference, but AMI was associated with higher rate of PCI procedure. Conclusion CABG procedure in CAD patients under 45 years accompanied AMI is safety and reliable both in early and the long-term outcomes.