Recent years have witnessed significant advances in neuromodulation techniques for stroke rehabilitation, especially in ameliorating motor deficits, positioning them as a key focus in both research and clinical practice. The selection of stimulation targets is crucial, as different sites engage distinct neural mechanisms and yield varied therapeutic outcomes. This review systematically synthesizes evidence from neuromodulation studies that target key regions, including the cerebral hemispheres, sensorimotor cortex, cerebellum, and vagus nerve. By analyzing the stimulation protocols, therapeutic effects, and optimal parameters associated with each target, we aim to provide a theoretical foundation and practical guidance for refining neuromodulation strategies in stroke rehabilitation.
Steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) has been widely used in the research of brain-computer interface (BCI) system in recent years. The advantages of SSVEP-BCI system include high classification accuracy, fast information transform rate and strong anti-interference ability. Most of the traditional researches induce SSVEP responses in low and middle frequency bands as control signals. However, SSVEP in this frequency band may cause visual fatigue and even induce epilepsy in subjects. In contrast, high-frequency SSVEP-BCI provides a more comfortable and natural interaction despite its lower amplitude and weaker response. Therefore, it has been widely concerned by researchers in recent years. This paper summarized and analyzed the related research of high-frequency SSVEP-BCI in the past ten years from the aspects of paradigm and algorithm. Finally, the application prospect and development direction of high-frequency SSVEP were discussed and prospected.