Objective To evaluate the effect of internal fixation on the stability of pedicled fascial flap and the osteogenesis of exceed critical size defect (ECSD) of bone so as to provide theory for the clinical application by the radiography and histology observation. Methods The ECSD model of the right ulnar midshaft bone and periosteum defect of 1 cm in length was established in 32 New Zealand white rabbits (aged 4-5 months), which were divided into group A and group B randomly (16 rabbits in each group). The composite tissue engineered bone was prepared by seeding autologous red bone marrow (ARBM) on osteoinductive absorbing material (OAM) containing bone morphogenetic protein and was used repair bone defect. A pedicled fascial flap being close to the bone defect area was prepared to wrap the bone defect in group A (control group). Titanium miniplate internal fixation was used after defect was repair with composite tissue engineered bone and pedicled fascial flap in group B (experimental group). At 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks, the X-ray films examination, morphology observation, and histology examination were performed; and the imaging 4-score scoring method and the bone morphometry analysis was carried out. Results All rabbits survived at the end of experiment. By X-ray film observation, group B was superior to group A in the bone texture, the space between the bone ends, the radiographic changes of material absorption and degradation, osteogenesis, diaphysis structure formation, medullary cavity recanalization. The radiographic scores of group B were significantly higher than those of group A at different time points after operation (P lt; 0.05). By morphology and histology observation, group B was superior to group A in fascial flap stability, tissue engineered bone absorption and substitution rate, external callus formation, the quantity and distribution area of new cartilage cells and mature bone cells, and bone formation such as bone trabecula construction, mature lamellar bone formation, and marrow cavity recanalization. The quantitative ratio of bone morphometry analysis in the repair area of group B were significantly larger than those of group A at different time points after operation (P lt; 0.05). Conclusion The stability of the membrane structure and the bone defect area can be improved after the internal fixation, which can accelerate bone regeneration rate of the tissue engineered bone, shorten period of bone defect repair, and improve the bone quality.
【摘 要】 目的 探討布魯桿菌病性脊椎炎有效的外科治療方法及臨床效果。 方法 2002年1月－2010年10月，對78例具有手術指征的胸腰椎布魯桿菌病性脊椎炎患者采用一期病灶清除聯合后路椎弓根內固定治療。男42例，女36例；年齡24～65歲，平均45歲。病程8～29個月，平均12個月。2個椎體受累70例，3個椎體受累8例。均合并不同程度神經功能損傷。術后隨訪行疼痛視覺模擬評分（VAS）、神經功能Frankel分級、臨床療效評價以及X線片、MRI影像學觀察。 結果 術后78例均獲隨訪，隨訪時間12～30個月，平均26個月。無竇道形成及復發。術前及術后1、3、6、12個月VAS評分分別為（9.2 ± 0.6）、（2.4 ± 0.3）、（1.0 ± 0.2）、（0.5 ± 0.4）及0分，術后各時間點均較術前顯著改善（P lt; 0.05）。術后各時間點神經功能Frankel分級均較術前顯著改善，差異均有統計學意義（P lt; 0.05），其中C、D級改善最為顯著。臨床療效評價：術后12個月內均無加重患者；隨時間推移，改善及無變化患者逐漸轉向痊愈，術后12個月改善率和痊愈率分別為100%和91.03%。影像學評價：術前及術后1、3、6、12個月影像學盲測評價指標評分分別為（0.17 ± 0.03）、（4.11 ± 0.09）、（4.68 ± 0.04）、（4.92 ± 0.08）及5分，術后各時間點均較術前顯著改善（P lt; 0.05）。 結論 一期病灶清除聯合后路椎弓根內固定治療胸腰椎布魯桿菌病性脊椎炎，在解除疼痛、穩定脊柱、恢復神經功能及早期康復方面均有明顯優勢。