Objective To systematically review the efficacy and safety of non-ergoline dopamine agonists (pramipexole, ropinirole, and rotigotine) and α2δ ligands (pregabalin and gabapentin-enacarbil) in the treatment of restless legs syndrome (RLS). Methods The PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CBM, WanFang Data, and CNKI databases were electronically searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing different medications for RLS from 2000 to 2021. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. The network meta-analysis was then performed using Stata 16.0 software and R 4.1.0 software. Results A total of 36 RCTs involving 7 666 patients were included. The results of the network meta-analysis showed that gabapentin-enacarbil decreased IRLS scores to the greatest extent among all drugs (MD=?6.42, 95%CI ?8.8 to ?4.16), was superior to pramipexole (MD=?3.27, 95%CI ?6.54 to ?0.15), and was associated with the highest CGI-I response rates (RR=1.73, 95%CI 1.52 to 2.00). In terms of tolerance and safety, patients receiving rotigotine presented an increased incidence of withdrawal due to adverse events. Ropinirole had the highest incidence of nausea. Headache was most common side effect in rotigotine, while the incidences of somnolence and dizziness were higher in gabapentin-enacarbil than other treatments. Conclusion Current evidence suggests that gabapentin-enacarbil may be the best treatment for RLS. Rotigotine is associated with the worst tolerance. For safety, nausea is most common in ropinirole, headache is most common for rotigotine, and patients receiving gabapentin-enacarbil show increased incidences of somnolence and dizziness.
目的 通過檢測浸潤性乳腺癌中白細胞介素18（IL-18）和血管內皮生長因子（VEGF）的表達情況，探討其表達相關性及與臨床病理學參數的關系。 方法 應用免疫組織化學法檢測IL-18和VEGF在42例浸潤性乳腺癌組織和12例正常乳腺組織中的表達情況。 結果 IL-18和VEGF在42例浸潤性乳腺癌中的表達陽性率均顯著高于12例正常乳腺組織（P＜0.05）。且在42例浸潤性乳腺癌組織中，IL-18陽性組中VEGF陽性率（87.1%）顯著高于IL-18陰性組中VEGF陽性率（12.9%），差異有統計學意義（P＜0.05）。在亞組分析中，IL-18的表達只與有無腋窩淋巴結轉移有相關性（P＜0.05），而VEGF的表達與有無腋窩淋巴結轉移和TNM分期有相關性（P＜0.05）。 結論 在浸潤性乳腺癌中，IL-18的表達上調與VEGF的表達上調顯著相關，IL-18可能具有促進腫瘤新生血管形成的作用。
【摘要】 目的 探討護理不良事件報告機制的構建與完善情況。 方法 根據護理工作不良事件發生的類別、范圍，確定不良事件報告原則，報告程序，構建護理不良事件報告機制。 結果 護理不良事件申報機制形成后，院內護理不良事件發生率及重復發生率逐月下降、主動申報率上升，與構建護理不良事件報告機制前一年比較，差異有統計學意義（Plt;0.05）。 結論 護理不良事件報告機制有助于護理安全管理。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the construction and improvement of reporting system of nursing adverse events. Methods According to the types and scales of the nursing adverse events, reporting principles and procedures were confirmed, and the reporting system of nursing adverse events was constructed. Results The rates of nursing adverse events and repetition incidence decreased gradually and the rate of initiative declaring increased significantly compared with those one year before the construction of the reporting system (Plt;0.05). Conclusion Reporting system of nursing adverse events helps to improve the management of nursing security.
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is an important treatment for patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis. The 2020 updated version of Chinese Expert Consensus on Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement was born in the process of Chinese exploration for TAVR. It is of epochal guiding significance for TAVR in China, which has entered a stage of rapid development from the initial stage. Moreover, it further promotes the standardized and healthy development of TAVR in China. The 2020 updated version of Chinese Expert Consensus on Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement, based on its 2015 version, has included aortic valve stenosis with a low risk of surgical operation as an indication, made more detailed recommendations on the operating specifications of balloon dilation and valve placement during TAVR, added the antithrombotic program after TAVR, and important opinions on the treatment of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, renal insufficiency, and emergency TAVR. In this article, we will focus on all these updates to interpret the updated consensus in detail.
目的 探討康復護理日常生活活動（RNADL）評定在小兒腦性癱瘓（腦癱）手術后護理的價值。 方法 選擇2012年6月－10月200例腦癱術后患兒為研究對象，隨機分為觀察組和對照組，每組100例，采用 RNADL對兩組患兒進行功能障礙分型判斷及障礙等級評定，并分別實施相應治療方案及護理措施，并就2個月后的康復效果進行評價。 結果 與入組時比較，觀察組患兒在2個月時的RNADL評分顯著增高（P＜0.01），其2個月時重度障礙的患兒較對照組明顯減少（P＜0.05）。 結論 RNADL評定是腦癱患兒康復治療的前提和基礎，通過正規RNADL評定后采取合理有效的康復治療方案能明顯改善患兒的日常生活能力。
目的 通過觀察鹽酸氨基葡萄糖、依托芬那酯凝膠治療顳下頜關節紊亂病（TMD）的臨床療效，探尋治療老年TMD的有效治療方法。 方法 對2008年7月－2011年12月收治的 35例老年TMD患者，予口服鹽酸氨基葡萄糖膠囊750 mg，2次/d，依托芬那酯凝膠5 cm局部外涂，3～4次/d，治療時間為6周，并對治療前、后顳下頜關節疼痛程度和活動度進行臨床療效評價。 結果 經治療，35例患者顳下頜關節疼痛緩解，關節活動度亦明顯改善；依據療效評定標準，治愈10例，顯效16例，好轉7例，無效2例，總有效率達94.3%；治療過程中，4例出現輕度胃脹、惡心等不適，2例出現局部皮膚輕度瘙癢現象，無1例中途退出或失訪。 結論 鹽酸氨基葡萄糖聯合依托芬那酯凝膠治療老年TMD，能緩解關節癥狀，改善關節活動度，副作用少，值得臨床推廣運用。
【摘要】 目的 比較酸性成纖維細胞生長因子(acid fibroblast growth factor,aFGF或FGF1)在正常乳腺組織、乳腺良性腫瘤及乳腺癌中的表達差異,探討FGF1與乳腺癌血管生成的關系。方法 應用免疫組織化學(immunohistochemistry,IHC)SP法檢測FGF1在40例乳腺癌組織、12例良性乳腺腫瘤組織及12例正常乳腺組織中的表達情況；以CD34抗體標記血管內皮細胞CD34抗原行乳腺癌組織微血管密度(micro vessel density,MVD)計數。〖HTH〗結果〖HTSS〗 FGF1在40例乳腺癌中的陽性表達率（57.5%，23/40)顯著高于12例乳腺良性腫瘤組織中陽性表達率(16.7%,2/12)以及正常乳腺組織陽性表達率(0,0/12),差異有統計學意義(Plt;0.05)；良性腫瘤組FGF1表達率和正常乳腺組織比較無統計學意義(Pgt;0.05)。40例乳腺癌組織MVD計數為(70.17±29.33)個/HP,在23例FGF1陽性組中MVD計數為(89.48±23.23)個/HP,顯著高于17例陰性組(44.06±12.53)個/HP,差異有統計學意義(Plt;0.05)。〖HTH〗結論 〖HTSS〗FGF1可能參與乳腺癌微血管生成。
Objective To systematically review and analyze the risk factors of epilepsy in children, to explore the related etiology of epilepsy in children, and to provide evidence-based strategies for reducing the occurrence of epilepsy in children. Methods PubMed, Embase, VIP, CNKI, Web of science, Cohrane, and CBM were searched for relevant studies on risk factors for childhood epilepsy since the establishment of the database, and the study type was selected as a case-control study. After screening and quality evaluation, the literatures that met the requirements were finally selected for inclusion in the study, and the extracted target data were statistically analyzed by RevMan5.3 software. Results A total of 9 literatures were included for Meta-analysis of the risk factors of epilepsy in children. A total of 3792 cases were studied, including 1 922 cases in the control group and 1 870 cases in the case group. Meta-analysis results showed that adverse perinatal period, family history of epilepsy, febrile seizures, and central nervous system infection were closely related to the occurrence of epilepsy in children, and the OR values were OR=3.46, 95%CI (2.51, 4.79), OR=4.77, 95%CI (3.83, 5.95), OR=7.81, 95%CI ( 5.64, 10.80), OR=3.00, 95%CI (1.44, 6.26), P values were all less than 0.05. Conclusions Adverse perinatal period, family history of epilepsy, febrile seizures, and central nervous system infection are the current risk factors for childhood epilepsy.
ObjectivesTo evaluate the reporting quality of individual/focus group interviews published in nursing journals included in the Chinese science citation database (CSCD).MethodsCSCD database was electronically searched to collect qualitative studies published in nursing journals included in CSCD from January 2016 to December 2018. Two researchers independently screened literatures, extracted data, and assessed the quality of included studies by COREQ guidelines, SPSS 25.0 software was then used for statistical analysis.ResultsA total of 223 qualitative researches were included. The results of COREQ evaluation showed that full report rate of 43.8% (14/32) studies were less than 50%, 78.6% (11/14) were less than 20%, and the full report rate of item 4 was even 0%. There were no significant differences between different total cites and the availability of funding in COREQ guidelines.ConclusionThe reporting quality of the qualitative researches published in the four nursing journals included in the CSCD requires further improvement. Therefore, we suggest that domestic nursing journals should introduce COREQ guidelines in contribution and strictly implement it in editorial review and peer review.
Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) is a common oral and maxillofacial disease, which is difficult to detect due to its subtle early symptoms. In this study, a TMD intelligent diagnostic system implemented on edge computing devices was proposed, which can achieve rapid detection of TMD in clinical diagnosis and facilitate its early-stage clinical intervention. The proposed system first automatically segments the important components of the temporomandibular joint, followed by quantitative measurement of the joint gap area, and finally predicts the existence of TMD according to the measurements. In terms of segmentation, this study employs semi-supervised learning to achieve the accurate segmentation of temporomandibular joint, with an average Dice coefficient (DC) of 0.846. A 3D region extraction algorithm for the temporomandibular joint gap area is also developed, based on which an automatic TMD diagnosis model is proposed, with an accuracy of 83.87%. In summary, the intelligent TMD diagnosis system developed in this paper can be deployed at edge computing devices within a local area network, which is able to achieve rapid detecting and intelligent diagnosis of TMD with privacy guarantee.