Objective To find out what risk factors are related to hypertension in China, and whether there are differences in studies from different years. Methods We retrieved all of the hypertension-related case-control studies which were published in CNKI and PubMed since 1990 and used meta-analysis to calculate the pooled OR and 95%CI. Then all the studies were divided into two groups according to whether they were published before 2000 or after, and results of different group were compared. Results Fourteen studies were included in which the relationship was assessed between hypertension and risk factors such as drinking, smoking, being overweight, and other relevant risk factors. The results of meta-analysis showed that hypertension had a relationship with being overweight, family history of hypertension, and high salt intake. The pooled OR and 95%CI were 3.26 (2.87, 3.70), 4.79 (2.81, 8.14), and 2.33 (1.55, 3.51), respectively. And the same results were obtained in subgroups analysis. The effect of smoking, irritable personality, and literacy between case group and control group showed no significant difference. Their pooled OR values (95%CI) of smoking, irritable personality, and literacy were 1.20 (0.84, 1.72), 2.73 (0.76, 9.82), and 1.22 (0.51, 2.95), respectively, and the same results were obtained in subgroups analysis. Although the effect of drinking between case group and control group showed a difference, its OR value (95%CI) was 1.61 (1.06, 2.45), and the subgroup analysis showed drinking was not related to hypertension. Conclusion Being overweighed, family history of hypertension, and high salt intake have relationship with hypertension, and these conclusions do not differ depending on the time of the studies conducted.
Objective To summarize progress on diagnosis and treatment of advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). Method Through the retrieval of relevant literatures, the advances in the diagnosis and treatment of advanced GIST in recent years were reviewed. Results The diagnosis of advanced GIST mainly depends on imaging examination such as CT, MRI and endoscopy or endoscopic ultrasound. The diagnosis can be confirmed by needle biopsy for advanced GIST patients considering preoperative imatinib treatment. At present, the imatinib is the first-line therapy for patients with advanced GIST, followed by sunitinib and other novel targeted drugs. A multidisciplinary treatment strategy that included targeted therapeutic agents, combining with surgical resection, radiofrequency ablation and embolism chemotherapy have brought dramatic clinical benefit for advanced GIST. Conclusions GIST is easy to metastasis, clinicians should ensure early diagnosis and early treatment. In course of imatinib treatment, an individualized therapeutic regimen should be applied to treat advanced GIST based on specific situation of patients.
摘要:目的: 探討產前超聲檢查對胎兒前腦無裂畸形的診斷及鑒別價值。 方法 :對我院產前超聲篩查中發現的17例胎兒前腦無裂畸形的超聲聲像圖及引產后的尸檢資料進行回顧性對照分析。 結果 :產前超聲診斷的17例前腦無裂畸形全部經引產后尸檢證實,顱腦異常的聲像圖表現為單一腦室、丘腦融合及腦鐮、胼胝體等中線結構缺如,大多數病例均伴有不同程度的顏面部畸形。 結論 :產前超聲對前腦無裂畸形具有重要的診斷價值,該病特有的顱腦聲像圖特征及大多伴有顏面部畸形的特點有助于診斷及鑒別診斷。Abstract: Objective: To explore the diagnostic and differential diagnostic value of prenatal ultrasound in fetal holoprosencephaly. Methods : The sonograms and autopsy data of 17 cases of fetal holoprosencephaly found in 21568 pregnant women by prenatal ultrasound were analyzed retrospectively. Results : Seventeen cases of fetal holoprosencephaly diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound and autopsy were confirmed. Characteristic ultrasound findings in holoprosencephaly included a single primitive ventricle, fused thalami, absence of midline structures such as the falx cerebri and corpus callosum, and facial abnormalities. Conclusion : Prenatal ultrasound has important value in the diagnosis of fetal holoprosencephaly. The characteristic ultrasound findings of the intracranial and facial abnormalities are helpful for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of holoprosencephaly.
Objective To investigate the significance and surgical skill for lymphadenectomy around common hepatic artery in gastric cancer. Methods Two hundred and fifty-seven cases with undergoing lymphadenectomy around common hepatic artery in gastric cancer between January 2001 and December 2006 were retrospectively reviewed. Experiences and understanding of dealing with this procedure in curative gastrectomy for gastric cancer were concluded. Results The number of dissected No.8 lymph node was 2.2±1.7, and the positive rate of No.8 lymph node was 30.35%. There were no lymphadenectomy related complications, such as anastomotic leakage, lymphatic fistula and postoperative hemorrhage in this series. Dissection around common hepatic artery lymph nodes along artery intrathecal space, division and ligation of left gastric vein at its root, and sufficient exposure of anatomic structures were important to dissection lymph nodes around the common hepatic artery. The exposure of anatomic structures included liberation of common hepatic artery by traction with the band, and the exposure of posterior side of pancreas by Kocher incision.Conclusion Being familiar with the anatomy around common hepatic artery, careful dissection, and attention to the surgical skill of lymphadenectomy are very important to improve the effectiveness of lymphadenectomy around common hepatic artery in gastric cancer.
Objective To investigate the impacts of cytokines （interleukin-4，IL-4；tumor necrosis factor-α，TNF-α） and medications of bronchial asthma （dexamethasone，aminophylline，salbutamol） on the activity of histamine N-methyltransferase（HMT） in tracheal epithelial cells.Methods BEAS-2B bronchial epithelial cells were cultured and treated with different concentration of TNF-α, IL-4, dexamethasone, salbutamol and aminophylline respectively. The activity of HMT in BEAS-2B cells was determined by high performance liquid chromatography.Results The activity of HMT in tracheal epithelial cells was (50±7) pmol?min-1?mg pro-1.TNF-α and IL-4 lowered the activity of HMT significantly at the concentration equal to or higher than 1 ng/mL and 5 ng/mL respectively，and reached the maximum inhibitory effect at the level of 10 ng/mL.Dexamethasone and aminophylline could ameliorate distinctly the inhibitory effect of TNF-α on the activity of HMT, while salbutamol had no significant inhibitory effect.Conclusions TNF-α and IL-4 exert the lowering effect on the activity of HMT，which would be one important cause of airway hyperreactivity.Glucocorticoids and theophyllines are administered to treat asthma partly due to its relieving mechanism of TNF-α negative effects on HMT.
Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect and safety of Bupropion hydrochloride sustained-release tablets in the treatment of depression. Methods A total of 48 patients meeting the diagnostic criteria of depression of CCMD-3 were randomly treated with Bupropion hydrochloride sustained-release tablets or Fluoxetine tablets for 42 days. Hamilton depression rating scale, Hamilton anxiety rating scale, clinical global impression and treatment emergent symptom scale were used to evaluate the therapeutic effect. Blood routine test, urine routine test and electrocardiogram were examined before and after the treatment. Results The effective rate of Bupropion hydrochloride sustained-release tablets [83% (20/ 24) ] was higher than that of Fluoxetine tablets [63% (15/ 24)], with a P value of 0.104. The incidence of adverse reactions was 46% (11/24) in both groups. Conclusion The therapeutic effect of Bupropion hydrochloride sustained-release tablets on depression is similar to that of Fluoxetine tablets, with mild adverse reactions to both treatments.
bjectiveTo study the therapeutic effect and mechanism of photodynamic therapy (PDT) to the nude mice model of pancreatic cancer by intratumoral injecting photosensitizers hematoporphyrin derivatives (HpD), hypocrellin A (HA) and 2butylamino2demethoxyhypocrellin A (2BA2DMHA).MethodsThe animal model of human pancreatic cancer was developed by injecting human pancreatic cancer cells SW1990 into the back of the nude mice. After photosensitizers HpD, HA and 2BA2DMHA was given by the intratumoral injection, the 632.8 nm HeNe laser was used to irradiate the tumor. The curative effect was recorded and factorⅧ was used in the immunohistochemical staining to study the vessel change. ResultsPDT can destroy the pancreatic neoplasm, the tumor growth rate was significantly reduced after PDT. The immunohistochemical staining showed PDT could make injury to vessel endothelial cell.ConclusionPDT can induce injuries of pancreatic cancer; vascular injury is an important way to exert function.
Objective To investigate the family burden of depression inpatients, analyze the influencing factors and explore the approach to reduce the family burden. Methods On-the-spot investigation was conducted for the family members of 200 depression inpatients in Mental Health Center of West China Hospital of Sichuan University from January to December, 2008. Following questionnaires used for investigation were all self-scale and filled out by the family members: “Basic Information Scale of Patients and Family Members”, “Family Burden Scale of Patients with Depression” revised from Pai’s scale of “Burden on the Family of Disease” (scoring 0-48 points and covering 24 items under 6 dimensions, namely, financial burden, disruption of routine family activities, disruption of family leisure, disruption of family interactions, effect on physical health of family members, and effect on mental health of family members; rating each item on a 3-class scale, namely, zero for no burden, one for moderate burden, and two for severe burden) , and Xiao Shuiyuan’s “Social Support Scale” (10 items in total, a higher score indicates a better social support). SPSS 13.0 software was adopted to perform statistical analyses. Results The total score of family burden was 26.3±12.6, the positive answer rate of family burden was 100.0%, and the positive answer rate of the every dimension was above 80%. The score of family burden for parents and spouse was higher than that of children (Plt;0.05). The total score of social support was 40.22±9.06, and the correlation coefficient between family burden and family social support was –0.485 (Plt;0.001). Conclusion It is common for family members of depression patients to get family burden at different levels. The more social support family members get, the less the family burden is.
ObjectiveTo summarize the research progress of the relationship between biliary flora and cholangiocarcinoma.MethodThe literatures on the relationship between biliary flora and cholangiocarcinoma were collected and reviewed.ResultsBiliary flora was closely related to the occurrence and development of biliary tract diseases. The inflammatory environment of the biliary tract was an important factor in the occurrence and development of cholangiocarcinoma. Microbes might induce chronic inflammation of the host tissue, leading to cell proliferation and genetic mutation, and ultimately leading to the occurrence of cholangiocarcinoma. Bacterial infection might play an important role in the pathogenesis of cholangiocarcinoma.ConclusionThe study of the role of biliary flora in the development of cholangiocarcinoma may open up a new direction for the prevention and treatment of cholangiocarcinoma.
Objective To summarize functions and mechanisms of fibroblast activation protein (FAP) and its application in targeted therapy. Method Literatures about FAP in recent years were collected to make a review. Results Thereis an important relationship between the FAP and the dipeptidyl peptidase-Ⅳ. FAP has a serine protease activity and is an important immunosuppressive component in the tumor microenvironment. FAP participate in the pathological process of the neoplastic and the non-neoplastic diseases. In the targeted therapy, the enzyme inhibitors, antibodies, vaccines, and prodrugs of FAP had been extensively studied. Conclusion FAP have various functions and participates in pathological process of many diseases, and it is of great significance to research of tumor targeted therapy.