【摘要】 目的 探討輕度認知功能障礙的心理學特點及其危險因素。 方法 由神經專科醫生采集2009年9-12月在神經內科門診就診患者106例的臨床資料，進行簡易智能量表（MMSE）、聽覺詞語測驗（AVLT）、畫鐘測驗（CDT）、日常生活功能量表（ADL）、Hamilton 抑郁量表（HDRS）及臨床癡呆評定量表（CDR）等神經心理測試。根據檢查結果分為MCI組與對照組。 結果 MCI組受教育年限低于對照組（Plt;0.05），高血壓病、糖尿病、腦卒中史高于對照組（Plt;0.05）。Logistic多因素回歸分析顯示受教育年限和高血壓病史與MCI密切相關。MCI組MMSE總分、CDT得分、AVLT即刻記憶、延遲記憶及長時延遲再認顯著低于對照組，ADL評分及HDRS評分高于對照組（Plt;0.05）。 結論 高血壓病是MCI的危險因素，較高的受教育年限是MCI的保護因素。MCI患者在多個神經心理學領域受損。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the neuropsychological characteristics of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its risk factors. Methods The clinical data of 106 patients in our neurologic department from september to December 2009, were collected by neurologists,and tested them by Chinese version of the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) , auditory verbal learning test (AVLT) , clock drawing test (CDT)、activities of daily living (ADL)、Hamilton depression rating scale (HDRS) and clinical dementia rating scale (CDR). All subjects were divided into MCI patients group and the control group. Results Educational level was significantly lower and hypertension, diabetes mellitus and stroke history were significantly more in patients with MCI than the control. The factors associated with MCI in logistic regression analysis were lower educational level and hypertension. The scores of MMSE、CDT and AVLT of MCI were significantly lower than those of the control, and the scores of ADL and HDRS were significantly higher than those of the control (Plt;0.05). Conclusion Hypertension is the risk factor and high educational level is the protective factor for MCI. MCI patients are impaired in multiple neuropsychological domains.