【摘要】 目的 探討B型超聲檢查對聯體雙胎的診斷價值。 方法 回顧性分析2008年—2010年產前診斷為聯體雙胎的8例孕婦B型超聲聲像圖資料，總結其聲像表現。 結果 對稱性聯體雙胎8例， 其中胸腹部聯體6例， 頭部聯體2例。 結論 產前B型超聲檢查能為聯體雙胎的診斷提供重要臨床信息，并可做出不同類型的診斷。【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the value of B-scan ultrasound in diagnosing conjoined twins. Methods Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of eight cases of conjoined twins from 2008 to 2010 in West China Second University Hospital was retrospectively analyzed, and their ultrasonograhical performances were summarized. Results Eight cases of conjoined twins with symmetry were diagnosed by B-scan ultrasound, including six with thoraco-omphalodidymus, and two with cephalodymus. Conclusion Prenatal ultrasound can provide important information for diagnosis of conjoined twins, and perform differential diagnosis for different types.
【摘要】 目的 擬初步建立孕28~34周的雙胎胎兒生長參數超聲測量值的正常范圍，比較晚孕期單、雙胎妊娠胎兒的宮內生長發育模式。 方法 對2009年5月-2010年4月超聲診斷為正常宮內雙活胎、單活胎孕婦，采用超聲測量胎兒相關生長發育指標，包括雙頂徑、頭圍、腹圍、股骨長等，測量其中部分雙胎的小腦橫徑并應用虛擬器官計算機輔助分析技術測量其小腦容積，比較晚孕期單、雙胎胎兒生長發育的差異。 結果 ①自妊娠30周以后，雙胎胎兒的雙頂徑發育速度比單胎胎兒延緩，單、雙胎胎兒平均每周增長分別約2.3、1.7 mm；②自妊娠32周以后， 雙胎胎兒的頭圍的發育速度比單胎胎兒延緩，單、雙胎胎兒平均每周增長分別約6.7、5.8 mm；③自妊娠30周以后， 雙胎胎兒的腹圍的發育速度比單胎胎兒延緩，單、雙胎胎兒平均每周增長分別約6.9、5.3 mm；④雙胎胎兒股骨長從孕28~34周發育速度均較單胎胎兒緩慢，單、雙胎胎兒平均每周增長分別約2.0、1.7 mm；⑤多元分析孕28~34周的雙胎胎兒雙頂徑、頭圍、腹圍和股骨長，相對于單胎胎兒而言，自28周起，雙胎妊娠胎兒的生長發育較延緩；⑥自孕28~34周，雙胎胎兒小腦橫徑、小腦容積與單胎胎兒無明顯差異。 結論 雙胎妊娠胎兒與單胎妊娠胎兒在晚孕期有著不同的生長發育規律。【Abstract】 Objective To initially establish the growth parameters of normal twin pregnancy in 28-34 gestational ages according to the ultrasound measurement, and to compare the intrauterine growth patterns between the singleton and twin pregnancy. Methods The relevant index of the twin pregnancy, including the biparietal diameter (BPD), femur length, head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC), were measured. The transverse cerebellar diameter (TCD) was measured and the virtural organ computer-aided analysis was used to detect the fetal cerebellar volume (FCV). The intrauterine growth patterns between the singleton and twin pregnancy was compared. Results After the gestational age of 30 weeks, the mean values of BPD of the twins pregnancies (1.7 mm) were lower than those of the singleton pregnancies (2.3 mm). After the gestational age of 32 weeks, the mean value of HC of the twins pregnancies (5.8 mm) was lower than that of the singleton pregnancies (6.7 mm). After the gestational age of 30 weeks, the mean values of AC of the twins pregnancies (5.3 mm) were lower than those of the singleton pregnancies (6.9 mm). After the gestational age of 28 weeks, the mean value of FL of the twins pregnancies (1.7 mm) was lower than the singleton pregnancies (2.0 mm). After the gestational age of 28 weeks, the growth of twin pregnancy fetuses is more slowly. After the gestational age of 28-34 weeks, the differences in mean values of TCD and FCV between the twin pregnancy and singleton pregnancy was not significant. Conclusion The twin pregnancy and singleton pregnancy have different growth patterns in the third trimester pregnancy.
Objective?To formulate an evidence-based conclusion concerning ultrasound screening for fetal malformations for a pregnant woman after 12 gestational weeks. Methods?Based on the clinical problem of whether pregnant women need ultrasound screening for fetal malformations after 11-14 gestational weeks, we used “ultrasound or sonography and prenatal or fetal at first trimester or 11-14 weeks; ultrasound exposure; fetal development” as the keywords and searched The Cochrane Library (Issue 4, 2008), MEDLINE (1981 to 2008), ACP Journal Club (1991 to 2008), and BMJ Clinical Evidence (1999 to 2008) for systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed to identify the current best evidence. Results?Three systematic reviews, two RCTs and ten cohort studies were retrieved. The results showed ultrasound screening detected different fetal malformations in the first, second and third trimester. Not all of the fetal malformations could be detected through prenatal ultrasound screening. Nuchal translucency (NT) measurement as a tool for screening chromosomally abnormal fetuses and detecting fetal malformations by ultrasound proved to be effective if performed within 11-14 gestational weeks. The routine second trimester screening, however, could not be replaced by a detailed ultrasound examination at 11-14 gestational weeks. Most of the trials concluded that the effect of ultrasound on a fetus was not harmful. Conclusion?The findings of this study should reassure physicians and parents alike that ultrasound screening is an appropriate option for the pregnant women after 12 gestational weeks.
【摘要】 目的 探討超聲檢查對陰道斜隔綜合征的診斷價值，分析超聲圖像特點，提高診斷率，為臨床選用最佳的手術方式提供依據。 方法 回顧性分析2008年1月-2010年6月經手術確診為陰道斜隔綜合征的15例患者的臨床資料及超聲檢查結果，總結陰道斜隔綜合征的聲像圖特點。 結果 15例經臨床確診為陰道斜隔綜合征的患者，超聲診斷14例，均表現為雙子宮、雙宮頸、陰道或宮頸積液/血，9例左腎缺如，5例右腎缺如。誤診1例，為單子宮伴一側附件巨大囊腫。 結論 超聲具有診斷準確、簡便、無創、重復性好、價格實惠等優點，對于臨床診斷生殖系統畸形具有十分重要的意義，應列為首選檢查方式。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of ultrasonography in examining oblique vaginal septum syndrome, analyze the characteristics of ultrasound image to improve the ultrasound diagnosis rate, in order to provide guidance for clinical surgeries. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data and ultrasound examination results of 15 patients diagnosed to have oblique vaginal septum syndrome in our hospital, and summarized their ultrasonographic characteristics. Results Among the 15 patients, 14 were diagnosed to have the disease by ultrasound examination. The ultrasound image showed a double uterus, double cervix, and vaginal or cervical fluid or blood for all the patients among whom 9 had absent left kidney, and 5 had absent right kidney. One patient was misdiagnosed to have single uterus with giant cysts on one side. Conclusions Ultrasound diagnosis is simple, noninvasive, reproducible, affordable and accurate in diagnosing. It is very useful in clinical diagnosis of reproductive system abnormalities and should be listed as the preferred way of examinations.
Objective To determine the frequencies and patterns of gastrointestinal wall thickening at muti-slice computed tomography (MSCT) in patients with hepatic cirrhosis. Methods One hundred and nine patients with cirrhosis and 130 patients without cirrhosis for gastrointestinal wall thickening were retrospectively analyzed by the abdominal MSCT scans. The frequencies of wall thickening were determined in the cirrhosis patients and in those without cirrhosis. The segmental distribution, symmetry and enhancement pattern were evaluated in all patients with cirrhosis for gastrointestinal wall thickening. Results Gastrointestinal wall thickening was seen in 72 cases (66%) with cirrhosis patients and in 12 cases (9%) without cirrhosis patients (Plt;0.005). The jejunum and ascending colon were the most common sites of gastrointestinal wall thickening, which was involved in 32 and 31 patients respectively. The scans of 46 (64%) patients with gastrointestinal wall thickening showed multisegmental distribution. Gastrointestinal wall thickening was concentric and homogeneous in all patients with cirrhosis. Conclusion Gastrointestinal wall thickening is common in patients with hepatic cirrhosis. It frequently involves multiple segments. The jejunum and ascending colon are the most common sites of involvement. MSCT plays an invaluable role in diagnostic evaluation of bowel wall thickening in patients with hepatic cirrhosis.
【摘要】 目的 探討嬰幼兒常見泌尿系統先天發育異常的超聲特征。 方法 回顧性分析2008年9月17日-2010年6月1日體檢的嬰幼兒中所發現的各種泌尿系統先天性發育異常的超聲表現。 結果 發現泌尿系統先天性發育異常88例，其中腎缺如50例，多房性腎囊性變10例，多囊腎2例，腎旋轉不良1例，重復腎10例，輸尿管囊腫6例，異位腎7例，融合腎2例。 結論 嬰幼兒常見的泌尿系統先天性發育異常有較特異的超聲表現，超聲檢查是篩查嬰幼兒泌尿系統先天性發育異常的首選影像學檢查方法。【Abstract】 Objective To study the ultrasonic characteristics of congenital malformation of infantile urinary system. Methods We analyzed various ultrasonic appearances of congenital malformation of infantile urinary system in our hospital in the recent two years retrospectively. Result We found 88 cases of congenital urinary system malformation in all infants, including 50 cases of renal agenesis, 10 cases of multi-cystic kidney, 2 cases of policystic kidney, 1 case of malrotation of kidney, 10 cases of duplex kidney, 6 cases of ureter cyst, 7 cases of ectopic kidney, and 2 cases of fused kidney. Conclusion Special ultrasonic appearances can be detected for congenital malformation of infantile urinary system, so ultrasound can be regarded as the first-line iconographical examination for the disease.
【摘要】 目的 探討經陰道彩色多普勒超聲診斷子宮內膜息肉的價值，進一步提高子宮內膜息肉的診斷準確率。 方法 2009年1月-2010年12月，對48例子宮內膜息肉患者，經陰道彩色多普勒超聲發現病灶后觀察其位置、大小、內部回聲及病灶內部和周邊的彩色血流情況，并與手術病理結果對照。 結果 經陰道彩色多普勒超聲診斷子宮內膜息肉的準確率為87.5%， 2例誤診為子宮黏膜下肌瘤，3例誤診為子宮內膜增厚，1例漏診。 結論 經陰道彩色多普勒超聲對子宮內膜息肉有較高的臨床診斷價值。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the value of transvaginal color doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis of endometrial polyps and to further improve the diagnostic accuracy. Methods From January 2009 to December 2010, fourty-eight patients with endometrial polyps participated in this study. Transvaginal color doppler ultrasonography was used to observe the location, size, and internal echo of the lesions, and the color flow within and around the lesions. Then, we compared all the ultrasonic features with pathological findings. Results The diagnostic accuracy of transvaginal color doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis of endometrial polyps was 87.5%. Two cases were misdiagnosed as submucosal uterine fibroids, 3 as endometrial thickening, and 1 missed. Conclusion Transvaginal color doppler ultrasonography has a high clinical value in the diagnosis of endometrial polyps.