ObjectiveTo identify the barriers and facilitators to acupuncture implementation using the consolidated framework for implementation research (CFIR), provide a reference for proposing a "CFIR framework adapted for acupuncture", and adjust the CFIR-ERIC matching tool to develop specific implementation strategies for acupuncture. MethodsThe CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases were electronically searched to collect studies on influencing factors in acupuncture implementation. The barriers and facilitators in the included studies were analyzed using the CFIR as a guide. Results38 studies were included. Based on the five domains (innovation, outer setting, inner setting, individuals, and implementation process) of the CFIR 2.0 framework, 49 facilitators and 54 barriers were summarized. ConclusionAcupuncture implementation is influenced by multiple layers of factors. According to the CFIR framework, many obstructive factors are concentrated in internal factors and individual characteristics, and the obstructive and promoting factors in different countries and medical systems are not exactly the same. However, the existing CFIR framework can well identify the barriers and promotion factors of acupuncture therapy, it is suggested that the CFIR framework should consider the characteristics of acupuncture. This study proposes a revised idea of the "acupuncture version of the CFIR framework", and future research should further improve the framework and adjust the CFIR-ERIC integrated model on this basis to identify and develop specific practical strategies in the acupuncture field.
Effectiveness-implementation hybrid design（EIHD）is a research methodology that integrates effectiveness research and implementation science to evaluate the effectiveness of health interventions and implementation strategies. In response to the current challenge of delayed translation of evidence in acupuncture research, this paper analyzes the core underlying reasons in study design, implementation context, and dissemination mechanisms. It systematically demonstrates the profound alignment between implementation science methodologies and clinical acupuncture research. Furthermore, focusing for the first time on the core characteristics of syndrome differentiation and dynamic adjustment in acupuncture treatment, this study clarifies the specific applicable scenarios and classification selection criteria of three types of EIHD for acupuncture research. Integrating theoretical frameworks and reporting guidelines, a full-chain implementation pathway from problem identification, protocol design to outcome dissemination is established, providing operable methodological support for translating high-quality evidence from acupuncture clinical trials into routine clinical practice.