目的 研究鞏膜外墊壓手術聯合視網膜激光光凝對硅油眼視網膜脫離的治療效果。 方法 回顧性分析2009年1月－2012年1月，用鞏膜外墊壓聯合視網膜光凝手術治療36例硅油眼視網膜脫離的視網膜復位效果。 結果 全部患者均順利完成鞏膜外墊壓手術及隨后的視網膜激光光凝，行鞏膜外放液5只眼，手術中未發生視網膜嵌頓、眼內出血和眼壓顯著升高等并發癥；手術后1周視網膜復位21只眼（58.33%），剩下15只眼1個月后復位7只眼（19.44%），視網膜脫離總復位率為28只眼（77.77%）；未復位8只眼（22.23%），改用玻璃體切割手術方式，視網膜成功復位；6個月后取出硅油，隨訪6個月視網膜無脫離或者脫離范圍增加；手術后眼壓≥30 mm Hg （1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa）3只眼，≥20 mm Hg 7只眼，對癥治療1周后眼壓均恢復到正常范圍。 結論 鞏膜外墊壓聯合視網膜激光光凝治療硅油眼視網膜脫離，手術簡單，復位率高，可為硅油眼視網膜脫離首選手術方式，對于鞏膜外墊壓手術失敗和復雜的硅油眼視網膜脫離，應當選擇玻璃體切割手術方式。
Objective To investigate the time l imit of repairing old sciatic nerve defect in rats and observe the repair effect of autogenous nerve transplantation on old sciatic nerve defect in rats. Methods Thirty-six SD rats of clean grade wererandomized into 6 groups (n=6 per group). The animal model of nerve defect was made by transecting left sciatic nerve at the mid-thigh level. For groups A1, B1 and C1, defects were repaired by the contralateral autogenous nerve transplantation 1, 3 or 6 months after nerve damage and for the control groups of A2, B2 and C2, defects were not repaired. After operation, the gait, toe skin and leg muscle were examined weekly. Three months after autograft, a combination of electrophysiology examination, fluoro gold (FG) retrograde tracing and histological assessment including l ight microscopy, TEM was util ized to investigate the nerve functional recovery. Results Lameness and foot skin ulcers were observed in each group after nerve damage. At 2 months after autograft, such denervation symptoms were only improved in groups A1 and B1. At 3 months after autograft, the motor conduction velocity was (21.84 ± 6.74), (20.02 ± 4.17) and (16.09 ± 8.21) m/s in groups A1, B1 and C1, respectively, showing no statistically significant difference between them (P gt; 0.05). The ampl itude of compound muscle action potential (CAMP) was (12.68 ± 4.38), (9.20 ± 3.43) and (1.22 ± 0.39) mV in groups A1, B1 and C1, respectively, indicating significant differences between groups A1, B1 and group C1 (P lt; 0.05). No CAMP was evident in groups A2, B2 and C2. FG retrograde tracing conducted 3 months after autograft showed that the positive cells were most common in group A1 with big soma, mild in group B1 and lest in group C1 with smallest soma. Gastrocnemius Masson staining showed that the fiber morphology of gastrocnemius in groups A1 and B1 was close to normal, while the rest 4 groups had an obvious atrophy of muscle fiber. The fiber cross-section area was (340.73 ± 118.46), (299.88 ± 119.75), (54.33 ± 53.43), (78.60 ± 51.38), (65.62 ± 25.36), and (40.93 ± 28.22) μm2 in groups A1, B1, C1, A2, B2 and C2, respectively, indicating a significant difference between groups A1, B1 and groups C1, A2, B2 (P lt; 0.05). Neurohistology observation showed that more regenerated nerve fibers were observed in group A1 and B1, but less in group C1. The myel in sheath was thick in groups A1 and B1, while it was thin in group C1. Only SCs and hyperplastic collagen fiber were found in groups A2, B2 and C2. Conclusion Autogenous nerve transplantation is capable of repairing 1- and 3- month sciatic nerve defect to some degree in rat, but repair effect is not obvious on 6-month sciatic nerve defect in rats.