目的 探討成都市高脂血癥患病率及合并心血管危險因素的現狀及城鄉差異。 方法 2010年3月－11月隨機抽樣選取城市和農村社區，采用問卷、體格檢查和實驗室檢查共調查35～70歲人群2 032例，其中城市社區1 015例，農村社區1 017例。進一步調查其中高脂血癥患者合并的主要心血管危險因素。 結果 ① 成都市城鄉高脂血癥患病率為23.53%（474/2 032）。城市高于農村，分別為27.88%（283/1 015）和18.78%（283/1 017）；② 城市高脂血癥人群中合并高血壓、糖尿病和冠心病均高于農村。高脂血癥合并高血壓人群最多，城鄉分別是51.95%（147/283）和31.94%（61/191），其次是合并“糖尿病”和“冠心病”人群；③ 城市高脂血癥患者合并高血壓人群無論男女均高于農村，但城市男性合并糖尿病者高于農村，城市女性合并冠心病者高于農村；④ 城鄉高脂血癥患者在合并飲酒、腦卒中史、腹型肥胖和肥胖之間差異無統計學意義（P＜0.05）。 結論 高血壓、糖尿病和冠心病是城市高脂血癥患者干預的重點危險因素。其中城市男性的糖尿病和城市女性冠心病干預更為重要。
Objective To investigate pre-hypertension in aspects of its incidence, accompanied cardiovascular risk factors, and difference between urban and rural areas in Chengdu. Methods By cluster random sampling method, a total of 2 011 patients aged 35-70 years from urban and rural communities in Chengdu were selected as respondents. The investigation was conducted through questionnaire, physical examination and laboratory tests, so as to find out the main cardiovascular risk factors of pre-hypertension. All data were dual input into computer by a specially-assigned person. SPSS 13.0 software was used for analysis, Chi-square test was adopted for categorical data, and Plt;0.05 was taken as an index for significant difference. Results a) The incidence rate of pre-hypertensive in Chengdu was 33.6%, and it was 45.67% and 46.31% in urban and rural areas, respectively. In rural area, more male (51.04%) were affected than female (42.83%). b) The smoking population with pre-hypertension were mainly the male, and the ratio of rural male was 60% (132/220), far higher than that of urban male which was 32.6% (59/181). c) The pre-hypertensive population accompanied with diabetes was higher in urban (27.97%) than rural (14.01%). d) The pre-hypertensive population accompanied with hypercholesterolemia or low HDL was 33.04% (150/454) in urban, as twice as that in rural which was 16.41% (76/471). e) The pre-hypertensive population accompanied with abdominal obesity was far higher in urban (28.41%) than rural (12.74%). Conclusion Smoking is the risk factor which needs to be primarily intervened for male hypertensive patients in rural area. Impaired glucose tolerance is the common risk factor for both urban and rural residents, and hyperlipidemia is the most primarily risk factor for urban pre-hypertensive patients, followed by diabetes, and abdominal obesity.