【摘要】 目的 了解老年門診患者癡呆癥的發生率及其相關危險因素。方法 對2007年7月—2009年5月,年齡≥60歲644例門診患者進行簡易智能表(MMSE簡易評分)評價,并收集患者文化程度、吸煙、基礎疾病、用藥史進行危險因素相關分析。結果 樣本人群老年癡呆癥的發病率為16.0%。與老年性癡呆密切相齡、高血壓、腦卒中史、聽力受損和視力受損。結論 高齡、高血壓、腦卒中是老年性癡呆主要的危險因素,當前的醫療衛生機構應該積極有效地采取措施,控制可變因素,減少老年性癡呆的發生。
Objective To summarize the effectiveness of the temporal island flap pedicled with the perforating branch of zygomatic orbital artery for repairing defects after periocular malignant tumor resection. Methods Between January 2015 and December 2020, 15 patients with periocular malignant tumors were treated. There were 5 males and 10 females with an average age of 62 years (range, 40-75 years). There were 12 cases of basal cell carcinoma and 3 cases of squamous carcinoma. The disease duration ranged from 5 months to 10 years (median, 2 years). The size of tumors ranged from 1.0 cm×0.8 cm to 2.5 cm×1.5 cm, without tarsal plate invasion. After extensive resection of the tumors, the left defects in size of 2.0 cm×1.5 cm to 3.5 cm×2.0 cm were repaired with the temporal island flap pedicled with the perforating branch of zygomatic orbital artery via subcutaneous tunnel. The size of the flaps ranged from 3.0 cm×1.5 cm to 5.0 cm×2.0 cm. The donor sites were separated subcutaneously and sutured directly. Results All flaps survived after operation and the wounds healed by first intention. The incisions at donor sites healed by first intention. All patients were followed up 6-24 months (median, 11 months). The flaps were not obviously bloated, the texture and color were basically the same as the surrounding normal skin, and the scars at recipient sites were not obviously. There was no complication such as ptosis, ectropion, or incomplete closure of the eyelids and recurrence of tumor during follow-up. Conclusion The temporal island flap pedicled with the perforating branch of zygomatic orbital artery can repair the defects after periorbital malignant tumors resection and has the advantages of reliable blood supply, flexible design, and good morphology and function.