目的 評價手衛生健康教育對重癥監護病房（ICU）患者家屬手衛生依從性的影響。 方法 選取2012年3月－5月ICU患者家屬558人，對其進行手衛生健康教育。將健康教育前的1個月定義為第1階段(基線調查階段），健康教育當月定義為第2階段，健康教育結束后的第1個月定義為第3階段。對ICU患者家屬開展手衛生健康教育，第1和第3階段均采用張貼展板和宣教圖片，床旁準備速干手消毒液；第2階段在此基礎上，每周示范六步洗手法3次，由責任護士督促并指導家屬使用速干手消毒液進行手衛生。觀察3個階段患者家屬手衛生依從性變化情況。 結果 在對“接觸患者前”、“接觸患者后”和“接觸患者周圍環境后”3個手衛生時機的依從率比較中，第2階段明顯高于第1階段（P＜0.01）；第3階段較第2階段有明顯下降（P＜0.01）；在3個階段中，使用速干手消毒液進行手衛生的人數均高于使用洗手液的人數。 結論 手衛生健康教育普及了手衛生相關知識，提高了ICU患者家屬對手衛生的依從性。
Objective To explore the role and significance of full-time infection control nurses in the prevention and control of nosocomial infection in Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Methods Before Februry 2013, there was no full-time infection control nurses in ICU in West China Hospital of Sichuan University (before implementation); since March 2013, with a comprehensive evaluation of bed numbers and infection control nurses workload, the job of full-time infection control nurses were initiated (after implementation). The management of infection control was achieved through clarifying the responsibility of full-time infection control nurses, the implementation of infection monitoring and other related measures. Results Comparing to the condition before implementation, the hand hygiene compliance among nurses, doctors, workers and cleaners in ICU elevated from 49.8% to 74.9%, the infected rate decreased from 15.3% to 9.3%, the positive rate of multiple resistant bacteria decreased from 18.3% to 13.5%, the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia decreased from 13.02‰ to 6.63‰, and central venous catheter-related bloodstream infection rate decreased from 6.559‰ to 2.422‰; the differences were all significant (P<0.05). The incidence of urinary tract infection decreased from 1.21‰ to 1.07‰, and the difference was significant (P>0.05). Conclusions Full-time infection control nurses can introduce continuous and effective training to medical staffs, supervise the execution of hospital infection prevention and control measures, and examine all steps involved and relevant feedbacks. Therefore, the full-time infection control nurses play an important role in the prevention and control of nosocomial infection in ICU.