The incidence of wounds or skin defects caused by trauma, infection, diabetes, and other factors has been increasing year by year, imposing a substantial burden on global healthcare systems. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are nanomaterials formed by metal ions or metal clusters and organic ligands through coordination bonds, featuring high porosity, large specific surface area, tunable structure, and excellent biocompatibility. MOFs can regulate cellular behaviors and kill bacteria by releasing metal ions during degradation. Additionally, MOFs can act as carriers for delivering bioactive components to exert anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cell proliferation-promoting effects. By systematically reviewing relevant domestic and international literature, this paper summarized the synthesis methods, classification, and application strategies of various MOFs in the field of skin repair. On this basis, it also concluded the current challenges in this field and provided an outlook on its future development trends.