PURPOSE:To investigate the relationship between the proliferative activity of refinoblastoma (RB)cell and the RB differentiation degree and the infiltration capability. METHOD:The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)expression in RB tissues of 48 cases was analysed by using LSAB immunohistochemical method. RESULTS :The mean PCNA labelling index(LI)in differentiated RB tissues of 12 cases was markedly lower than that in non-differentiated of 36 cases(P＜0.05). The mean PCNA LI in RB tissues of the optic nerve infiltrated group(22 cases)was significantly higher than that of the optic nerve non-infiltrated group(26 cases)(P＜0.05). The results indicate that the PCNA LI is significantly related with the differentiation degree of RB and the infiltration capability. CONCLUSION :The determination of PCNA LI is of significance for evaluating the histologic characteristics and biological behavior of RB.
Objective To examine the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells, thus assessing the role of mechanism of contact inhibition playing in the process of experimental retinal detachment and reattachemnt.Methods Retinal detachment was produced in 72 cats by subretinal injection of 0.25% solution of healon through a micropipette three weeks after extracapsular lens extraction and vitrectomy. Some of the detached retinae were reattached 24 hours later. At different time, the cats were killed and eye globes were fixed and embeded in paraffin. Histologic sections were processed for immunohistochemistry examination using an antibody to detect PCNA protein. Labeled RPE cells were identified, and the proliferation was quantified in detached and un-detached retinae of detachment group, and also in reattached retinae of reattachment group. The comparsion of PCNA-labeled RPE cells in different groups were analyzed by ANOVA. Results In detached regions of detachment group, PCNA-expression of RPE cells occured within 24 hours, and reached a maximum after 5-6 days, then gradually declined to barely detectable levels after 20 days. Similar tendency was found in reattached retinae, but the number of PCNA-labeled RPE cells was obviously small. Fewer PCNA-labeled RPE cells were found in regions of un-detached retinae in detachment group. The difference of these three groups was significant.Conclusion Proliferation of RPE cells is induced when they lose contact with neural retina, but inhibited after neural retina reattached to RPE cells. It suggests that the mechanism of contact inhibition plays a role in the proliferative process after retinal detachment and reattachment. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2003，19：20-23)
【Abstract】Objective To investigate the expression of PCNA in gastric cancer and its relationship with telomerase activity of peritoneal washings and peritoneal dissemination, and to compare the efficacy of telomerase activity and cytology of peritoneal washings for prediction of peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer. MethodsTelomeric repeated amplification protocol (TRAP)enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to measure the telomerase activity of peritoneal washings collected from 60 patients with gastric cancer. Exfoliate cytologic analysis of the corresponding samples was used for comparison.Expression of PCNA was measured with immunohistochemical staining.Their relationship with clinicopathologic features were evaluated. ResultsThe positive rate of telomerase activity in peritoneal washing collected from patients with gastric cancer was 41.7%,which well related to serosal invasion, histology types, depth of infiltration and peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer. The positive rate of telomerase activity increased with the increased depth of infiltration and serosal involvement areas (P＜0.05).The positive rate of exfoliative cytology was 25.0%, which was obviously high in the group with macroscopic peritoneal metastasis (the group of P1-3). The positive rate of exfoliative cytology also increased with the increased depth of infiltration and serosal involvement areas (P＜0.05). Although the positive rate of telomerase activity in peritoneal washing collected from patients with gastric cancer was not significantly higher than that of exfoliative cytology in general, it was significantly higher than that of exfoliative cytology in the group of pT4, P1-3 and undifferentiated type.The PCNA proliferation index (PI) of positive telomerase activity group was significantly higher than that of negative. The PCNA PI was significantly higher in the group of P1-3 and serosal invasion thanthat of P0 and without serosal invasion. ConclusionTo detect telomerase activity in peritoneal washings and to detect tumor cells by cytologic method are useful to predict subclinical metastasis to the peritoneum in patients with gastric cancer,but telomerase activity is more sensitive than the other one.Telomerase activity is well related to proliferating activity of gastric cancer,which was the very important reason of peritoneal metastasis and serosal invasion.
ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in colorectal cancer and its relationship with metastasis and recurrence. MethodsParaffinembedded specimens from 59 patients with colorectal cancer, 16 patients with adenomas and 12 normal colonic tissues were examined and compared by SP immunohistochemical method. ResultsThe positive rate of VEGF in colorectal cancer were significantly higher than that in adenomas (P＜0.05). The positive rate of VEGF in Dukes A and B stage of colorectal cancer were significantly higher than those in Dukes C and D (P＜0.05). Expression of VEGF in postoperative recurrence group was markedly higher than that in the group with no recurrence (P＜0.05). Proliferative activity expression suggested that the poorer the differentiation, the more PCNA increased in case of lymphnode or hepatic metastasis. The PCNA showed marked difference between postoperative and nonpostoperative recurrences (P＜0.05). Conclusion The expression of VEGF and PCNA is closely related to the invasion and metastasis of tumor during the operation. The increased VEGF and high PCNA implies that there may be some potential metastasis present.
【Abstract】Objective To investigate the inhibitory effects of flavonoids quercetin on the occurrence and proliferation of experimental mammary carcinoma. Methods DMBA induced mammary carcinoma was produced in rats. Seventy-nine female Sprague-Dawly rats were divided randomly into four groups: DMBA, DMBA with TAM, DMBA with quercetin and control. Chemicals had been administered to group A, group B, group C and group D respectively for 28 weeks. Samples of breasts were collected for light microscope observation and electromicroscope observation. Their expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and the protein product of H-ras were examined by immunohistochemical staining. Results ①Mammary carcinoma incidence of group A(76.2%) was significantly higher than that of group B(40.9%), group C(45.5%) and group D(0%),P＜0.05, and there was no significant difference between group B and group C (P＞0.05), which indicated that quercetin could inhibit the occurrence of mammary carcinoma. ②Mean mammary tumor diameter of group A (2.37cm) was significantly larger than that of group B(1.82cm) and group C(1.71cm), P＜0.05, and there was no significant difference between group B and group C (P＞0.05), which indicated that quercetin could inhibit the growth of experimental mammary carcinoma. ③Immunohistochemical staining of PCNA showed significant difference between group A and group B, group A and group C (P＜0.05), with no significant difference between group B and group C (P＞0.05), which indicated that quercetin could inhibit the proliferation rate of tumor cells. ④Significant difference between group A and group B, group A and group C (P＜0.05), and no significant difference between group B and group C (P＞0.05), were noticed with immunohistochemical staining of H-ras protein product, which indicated that quercetin could inhibit the activity of Hras protein. Conclusion Quercetin could reduce the mammary carcinoma incidence and its degree of growth, and it may be related with its inhibitory effect on the activity of Hras and the proliferation of tumor cell.
Objective To investigate the effect of methylprednisolone on the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in Müller cells of rats’ retinae injured by laser. Methods Forty SD rats were randomly divided into two groups and inflicted with laser photocoagulation.The rats in treatment group were given methylprednisolone by intraperitoneal injection with a dose of 30 mg/kg for 3 days.At the 3rd,7th,14th,and 28th day after photocoagulation respectively, the eyes were enucleated,fixed and cut into sections.Immunohistochemical examination was used to detect the expression of PCNA and GFAP. Results After photocoagulation the Müller cells expressed PCNA both in the treatment and control group,and the expression of PCNA decreased sharply after 3 days. The expression of PCNA in treatment group was less than that in control group. After photocoagulation the Müller cells also expressed GFAP and the expression of GFAP lasted for at least 28 days ,and the expression of GFAP expression in the treatment group was less than that in the control group. Conclusion Methylprednisolone can reduce the expression of GFAP and PCNA in Müller cells of rats’ retinae injured by laser. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2002, 18: 299-301)
ObjectiveTo study the expression of survivin protein in primary hepatocellular carcinoma(PHC) and its relationship to the proliferation of the tumor cells and prognosis of PHC. MethodsThe expression of survivin protein and the proliferation of tumor cells marked by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in 48 cases of PHC were determined by immunohistochemical method. ResultsThe survivin protein was expressed in 31 of 48 cases of PHC (64.6%). The expression of PCNA was significantly higher in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with positive survivin expression than in HCC with negative survivin expression. The patients with positive survivin expression had the worse prognosis than those with negative survivin expression. ConclusionThe expression of survivin may play an important role in the proliferation of PHC cells and closely associate with the prognosis of PHC, and probably become the prognostic factor and an important target of therapy.
Purpose To observe the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen（PCNA）and bcl-2 of cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells（RPE）． Methods SABC techniques were applied for immunocytochemical staining of cultured RPE with mouse anti-human PCNA monoclonal antibody and rabbit antihuman bcl-2 antibodies． Results 31.2% and 50.6% cultured cells were positive to anti-human PCNA at 24h and 48h after seeding，respectively．The positive staining was mottled in the nucleus．positive staining for bcl was seen in 76%to 90% cells as fine granules scattered within the cytoplasm. Conclusion One half of cultured RPE expressed PCNA，indicating that the cells were in phase S of the cell cycle．Positive staining for bcl-2 appeared in much more RPE cells．These biological markers may be associated with the growth activity of cultured RPE． (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1998,14:26-28)
Objective To investigate the effect of alltrans retinoic acid (atRA) on proliferative artery disease after heart transplantation. Methods Heterotopic heart transplantation model was established by Ono model with 16 inbred healthy male Wistar rats as donors and 16 SD rats as recipients. The rats were divided into chronic rejection group and atRAtreated group by complete random design, and there were 8 rats in each group. Rats in chronic rejection group were given Cyclosporine A 10 mg/(kg·d) by subcutaneous injection after operation, and those in atRAtreated group were given Cyclosporine A 10 mg/(kg·d) in the same way and atRA 10mg/(kg·d) by gavage. The transplanted hearts of rats were taken out 60 days after the transplantation. HE stain, masson stain and Van Gieson were done to analyze the rejection of transplanted hearts, the degree of vascular stenosis and myocardial fibrosis respectively.Immunohistochemistry was used to test proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Results The area of myocardial fibrosis in chronic rejection group was obviously larger than that in atRAtreated group（63.99%±11.91% vs.34.68%±6.34%）, and there was significant difference between two groups（t=8.377，P=0.000）. The index of vascular stenosis in chronic rejection group was higher than that in atRAtreated group（62.86±17.18 vs. 40.10±8.20）. Vascular stenosis in atRAtreated group alleviated significantly, and there was significant difference between two groups（t=3.913, P=0.006）. The PCNA positive cells in chronic rejection group were obviously more than that in atRAtreated group（60.17±17.74 vs. 33.96±8.65）, and there was significant difference between two groups（t=5.387, P≤0.001）. There was a positive correlation between the PCNA positive cell ratio and the index of vascular stenosis（r=0.854, P=0.007）. Conclusion Alltrans retinoic acid can inhibit vascular disease after heart transplantation by cell proliferative pathway.
Objective To explore the value of expression of carcinomaassociated antigens in early diagnosis and predicting prognosis in gallbladder carcinoma. MethodsThe expression of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA50), Ecadherin (ECD) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in 10 cases of cholecystitis, 10 cases of gallbladder adenomas and 50 cases of gallbladder carcinomas were detected by immunohistochemistry. ResultsThe positive rate of CEA, CA50 and PCNA labeling index (LI) in gallbladder carcinomas were significantly higher than that of gallbladder adenomas and cholecystitis (P＜0.05 and P＜0.01). The positive rate of ECD in gallbladder carcinomas, especially with metastasis, was significantly lower than that of gallbladder adenomas and cholecystitis (P＜0.05). The 3year survival rate was significantly lower in gallbladder carcinomas with CEA and PCNA overexpression (P＜0.05), the 3year survival rate in patients with ECD positive tumors was higher than that of those with negative tumors (P＜0.05). Conclusion The detection of CEA, CA50 and PCNA is useful for early diagnosis of malignant change in gallbladder adenomas and gallbladder carcinomas. Therefore, the CEA, PCNA and ECD might be useful for predicting prognosis of gallbladder carcinomas.