Objective To study the development of internal radiotherapy for liver cancer and the relationship between effects and radiation doses. Methods Literature about internal radiotherapy of liver cancer were collected and reviewed. Results The rational selection of radioactive microsphere,the appropriate control of radiation dosage and the path of internal radiotherapy are crucial in improving the therapy effects and decreasing the complications. Conclusion The two-stage operation of liver cancer which is on the base of combining chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy is the way to go of liver cancer therapy.