Objective To investigate the invasion ability of Panc-1 cells in vivo and in vitro af ter being t ransfected with tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 gene ( TFPI-2) . Methods The expression vector pEGFP-C1-TFPI-2 was transfected into human pancreatic cancer line Panc-1 cells by using liposome. TFPI-2 mRNA and protein of transfected and nontransfected cells were detected by reverse t ranscription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot respectively. The tumor cells invasive behavior of t ransfected ( Panc-1-TFPI-2) and nontransfected ( Panc-1-V and Panc-1-P) cells were assessed in vitro through Boyden Chamber method. The transfected and nontransfected cells were implanted into nude mice to observe it s growth and metastasis in vivo. Results Expressions of mRNA and protein of TFPI-2 were confirmed in transfected cells. Af ter TFPI-2 t ransfection , the number of Panc-1-TFPI-2 , Panc-1-V and Panc-1-P cells passing through membrane of Boyden Chamber were 24. 4 ±3. 5 ,61. 3 ±4. 1 and 60. 2 ±3. 9 , respectively. The number of TFPI-2-expressing cells to t raverse a Matrigel-coated membrane was obviously decreased compared with that of non-expressing cells , the invasion ability was lower than that before transfection in vitro. The subcutaneous tumor volume of the Panc-1-TFPI-2 group was (438. 0 ±69. 8) mm3 , the Panc-1-V group was (852. 0 ±102. 9) mm3 and the Panc-1-P group was (831. 0 ±78. 1) mm3 , P lt; 0. 05. The metastasis to liver and lung and muscular invasion occurred in the Panc-1-V group and the Panc-1-P group. There were no muscular invasion and metastatic lesions in the Panc-1-TFPI-2 group. Conclusion TFPI-2 gene expression may obviously inhibit the invasion ability of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo , which provides an experimental basis for the treatment of human pancreatic cancer by gene therapy.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compound formulations conducted under the "Pattern Dominating Disease" model. MethodsRCTs on "Syndrome Dominating Disease" published in the CBM, CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science databases were collected from inception to November 1, 2025. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the quality of the included studies using the CONSORT extension for TCM formulas checklist and the Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias tool. ResultsA total of 14 RCTs were included, primarily involving three types: basic syndrome patterns, common syndrome patterns, and compound syndrome patterns. Among the 25 items of the CONSORT extension for TCM formulas checklist, the reporting compliance rates for items 6b, 13a, and 16 were 100% across all studies. Items 3b, 10, 12b, 18, 23, and 24 were not reported in any study. The reporting compliance for the remaining items varied. The risk of bias assessment indicated that all studies were judged to have an "unclear risk" concerning blinding of outcome assessors, selective reporting bias, and other biases. ConclusionRCTs investigating the "Pattern Dominating Disease" model show notable deficiencies in both reporting quality and methodological quality. It is recommended that, based on existing tools, dedicated evaluation and reporting instruments be developed to enhance the quality of such RCTs.