目的:探討高齡白內障患者術前角膜內皮功能狀態。方法:對從2007年11月到2008年10月的66例年齡在80歲或以上的左眼白內障患者術前角膜內皮細胞形態及中央角膜厚度進行回顧性分析。分析參數包括角膜內皮細胞密度,內皮細胞平均面積,最大細胞面積和最小細胞面積,內皮細胞變異系數,面積標準差,六角形細胞比例及角膜中央厚度。結果:患者的角膜內皮細胞平均密度為(2720.3±324.6)個/mm2,平均細胞面積為(375.4±70.3)μm2,最大細胞面積(922.1±243.5)μm2,最小細胞面積(131.2±40.2)μm2,面積標準差(143.5±34.8)μm2,細胞變異系數(38.0±7.3)%,六角形細胞比例(52.8±10.1)%。中央角膜厚度與角膜內皮細胞密度之間無相關性。結論:高齡人白內障患者的角膜內皮細胞密度高,角膜功能基本正常，是保持角膜透明的基礎,為眼內手術或治療提供安全保障。
Prolonged disorders of consciousness (pDOC) are pathological conditions of alterations in consciousness caused by various severe brain injuries, profoundly affecting patients’ life ability and leading to a huge burden for both the family and society. Exploring the mechanisms underlying pDOC and accurately assessing the level of consciousness in the patients with pDOC provide the basis of developing therapeutic strategies. Research of non-invasive functional neuroimaging technologies, such as functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) and scalp electroencephalography (EEG), have demonstrated that the generation, maintenance and disorders of consciousness involve functions of multiple cortical and subcortical brain regions, and their networks. Invasive intracranial neuroelectrophysiological technique can directly record the electrical activity of subcortical or cortical neurons with high signal-to-noise ratio and spatial resolution, which has unique advantages and important significance for further revealing the brain function and disease mechanism of pDOC. Here we reviewed the current progress of pDOC research based on two intracranial electrophysiological signals, spikes reflecting single-unit activity and field potential reflecting multi-unit activities, and then discussed the current challenges and gave an outlook on future development, hoping to promote the study of pathophysiological mechanisms related to pDOC and provide guides for the future clinical diagnosis and therapy of pDOC.
Depression, a mental health disorder, has emerged as one of the significant challenges in the global public health domain. Investigating the pathogenesis of depression and accurately assessing the symptomatic changes are fundamental to formulating effective clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies. Utilizing non-invasive brain imaging technologies such as functional magnetic resonance imaging and scalp electroencephalography, existing studies have confirmed that the onset of depression is closely associated with abnormal neural activities and altered functional connectivity in multiple brain regions. Magnetoencephalography, unaffected by tissue conductivity and skull thickness, boasts high spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio, offering unique advantages and significant value in revealing the abnormal brain mechanisms and neural characteristics of depression. This review, starting from the rhythmic characteristics, nonlinear dynamic features, and connectivity characteristics of magnetoencephalography in depression patients, revisits the research progress on magnetoencephalography features related to depression, discusses current issues and future development trends, and provides insights for the study of pathophysiological mechanisms, as well as for clinical diagnosis and treatment of depression.