【摘要】 目的 通過對早期妊娠卵黃囊的觀察，探討其在早孕超聲診斷中的臨床價值。 方法 2008年5月-2009年1月應用陰道超聲診斷儀觀察536例早孕患者卵黃囊的形態、大小及卵黃囊的數目，根據結果分為卵黃囊正常及異常組，比較卵黃囊的增長情況與妊娠預后的關系。 結果 504例正常組中，501例正常妊娠結局的卵黃囊大小從孕5~11周持續增長，此后逐漸縮小，孕12周后消失；另3例為宮外孕而中止妊娠。卵黃囊異常組32例。正常組和異常組的卵黃囊大小及形態有統計學意義（Plt;0.05）。 結論 卵黃囊超聲影像學改變可作為診斷早孕及預測妊娠發展和轉歸的可靠手段。【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the clinical value of yolk sac in the diagnosis of early pregnancy by observing the change of yolk sac. Methods The yolk sacs in 536 pregnant women were measured by ultrasonogaphy from May 2008 to January 2009, and the correlation of the growth condition of the normal or abnormal yolk sac with pregnancy outcome were observed. Results In the normal group (504 patients), the yolk sac size of 501 patients continued to grow from five to 11 weeks of pregnancy, then gradually reduced and disappeared after 12 weeks of pregnancy. The other three patients terminated pregnancy because of ectopic pregnancy. Thirty-two cases of abnormal yolk sac were found. The results showed the size and shape of yolk sacs were significantly different between normal and abnormal groups (Plt;0.05). Conclusion The change of yolk sacs by ultrasonography during early pregnancy can be used as a good measure to diagnosis early pregnancy and predict the development and prognosis of pregnancy.
目的 了解醫院感染情況，對醫院感染控制工作進行評價，為醫院感染控制措施提供依據，提高醫務人員的感染控制意識。 方法 采用橫斷面調查的方法，于2012年8月21日進行醫院感染現患率調查，將調查結果進行分類、統計、分析。 結果 應查住院患者1 383例，實查1 378例，實查率99.64%，現患率3.41%。醫院感染下呼吸道感染占53.19%，泌尿道感染占25.53%，手術部位感染占4.26%，調查當日抗菌藥物使用率20.90%。 結論 通過醫院感染現患率調查，可快捷地獲得全院醫院感染的情況，為醫院感染防控工作提供依據。
Objective The Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) data were used to analyze the trend of the burden of disease of tracheal, bronchial, and lung cancer (TBL Cancer) caused by tobacco in China and globally from 1990 to 2021, and to predict the future development trend. Methods We performed descriptive analysis of the indicators of death and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) in the GBD 2021 database; The Joinpoint regression model was used to calculate the average annual percent change (APCC); The age-period-cohort (APC) model was used to estimate the effect of three independent factors, age, period and cohort, on disease mortality; and the BAPC model was used to project the burden of disease for TBL Cancer from 2022 to 2036. Results From 1990 to 2021, the disease burden of TBL Cancer attributable to tobacco showed an increasing trend in both China and globally, with a much higher burden of disease in men than in women, and a much higher burden of disease attributable to smoking than to secondhand smoke. The APC model showed that the net drift values of mortality in China and globally were ?0.1982% and ?1.5921%, respectively, from 1992 to 2021; the age effect showed that the mortality rate of both China and the world increased with age; the period effect model showed that the mortality rate of China increased and then decreased, and the global mortality rate generally decreased; the cohort model showed that the mortality rate of China and the world increased and then decreased; the BAPC model showed that the mortality rate of China declined slowly in the period of 2022-2036, and the global mortality rate declined even more dramatically. Conclusion The burden of TBL Cancer attributable to tobacco was higher in China than in the world from 1990 to 2021. Tobacco control measures in China have begun to bear fruit in recent years, and we should continue to strengthen our tobacco control initiatives and popularize health knowledge in order to make progress towards the goal of the "Healthy China 2030" plan.
ObjectiveTo understand the characteristics of patients who have undergone the removal of the inferior vena cava (IVC) filter, so as to provide a reference for optimizing the clinical application strategy of IVC filters. MethodThe demographic and clinical characteristics of patients underwent IVC filter removal in the Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University from December 2016 to December 2023 were retrospectively collected. ResultsA total of 102 patients were enrolled, including 48 (47.1%) males and 54 (52.9%) females. The age of the patients was (46.75±16.72) years old, and 75 (73.5%) patients were aged between 20 and 59 years old. The proportion of patients underwent retrieval after IVC filter placement due to combined central deep vein thrombosis was highest, accounting for 48.0% (49/102). Of the 102 patients, 72 (70.6%) patients underwent IVC filter removal within 90 d and 6 (5.9%) patients underwent IVC filter removal after more than one year. The median duration of filter placement for all patients was 35 d (ranging from 5 to 7 300 d). The filter was removed via interventional method in 92 (90.8%) patients and via open surgery in 10 (9.8%) patients. The endovascular retrieval failed in one of 92 patients and then the follow-up observation was selected. Compared with the interventional treatment, the patients who had the filter removal by open surgery had a longer placement time of the filter in the IVC (median: 136.5 d vs. 32.5 d, P=0.002). ConclusionsFrom the analysis results of this cases data, patients with IVC filters don’t show obvious gender characteristics. The majority of them are young and middle-aged, and interventional method is mostly used for the removal of IVC filters. Patients who receive open surgery to remove the filter have a longer placement time in the IVC, suggesting the necessity of early removal of the IVC filter.
Objective To retrospectively analyze the clinical characteristics of heat stroke (HS) and HS-acute kidney injury (AKI), analyze the risk factors leading to death in patients, and provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of HS. Methods Patients with HS who visited 13 hospitals in Sichuan subtropical monsoon climate and HS high-incidence areas between July 2019 and September 2023 were retrospectively selected. According to whether in-hospital death or AKI occurred, the patients were divided into survival group and death group, AKI group and non-AKI group. According to serum creatinine level, patients in the AKI group were divided into AKI stage 1 group, AKI stage 2 group and AKI stage 3 group. The main clinical manifestations and important clinical data of the patients were analyzed, and the risk factors affecting the death of patients were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Results A total of 195 patients with HS and 115 patients with HS-AKI were included. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that AKI, abnormal coagulation function, nervous system injury, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, and D-dimer were independent risk factors for death (P＜0.05). The results of clinical characteristics analysis of HS-AKI showed that the mortality rate of patients with AKI stage 2 and AKI stage 3 was higher (P＜0.05). Conclusions AKI, abnormal coagulation function, nervous system injury, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, and D-dimer are independent risk factors for death in HS. Therefore, active treatment of patients with HS combined with AKI, abnormal coagulation function, and nervous system injury in the future will help reduce the risk of death in patients.