目的 分析胃腸外科手術切口感染的影響因素，為醫院感染的防治提供理論依據。 方法 回顧性分析2010年12月－2012年12月764例行胃腸外科手術患者的臨床資料，并用單因素χ2檢驗統計分析患者醫院感染的危險因素。 結果 共有65例患者發生手術切口感染，其感染率為8.5%，且分離培養出合格菌株48株，陽性率73.8%，其中G?菌32株，占66.7%，G+菌16株，占33.3%。G?菌主要以大腸桿菌、變形桿菌、克雷伯桿菌和腸桿菌為主，分別占29.2%、18.8%、12.5%和6.2%；G+菌以腸球菌和表皮葡萄球菌為主，分別占22.9%和10.4%。單因素χ2檢驗顯示年齡＞60歲、手術時間＞120 min、術中有輸血、且有腫瘤病變的患者具有較高的切口感染發生率（P＜0.05）。 結論 胃腸外科手術切口感染的主要致病菌是G?桿菌，患者的年齡、手術時間、術中輸血情況和疾病良惡性質是術后切口感染的高危因素，積極采取相應的預防措施有望減低其感染的發生率。
Sleep-related breathing disorder (SRBD) is a sleep disease with high incidence and many complications. However, patients are often unaware of their sickness. Therefore, SRBD harms health seriously. At present, home SRBD monitoring equipment is a popular research topic to help people get aware of their health conditions. This article fully compares recent state-of-art research results about home SRBD monitors to clarify the advantages and limitations of various sensing techniques. Furthermore, the direction of future research and commercialization is pointed out. According to the system design, novel home SRBD monitors can be divided into two types: wearable and unconstrained. The two types of monitors have their own advantages and disadvantages. The wearable devices are simple and portable, but they are not comfortable and durable enough. Meanwhile, the unconstrained devices are more unobtrusive and comfortable, but the supporting algorithms are complex to develop. At present, researches are mainly focused on system design and performance evaluation, while high performance algorithm and large-scale clinical trial need further research. This article can help researchers understand state-of-art research progresses on SRBD monitoring quickly and comprehensively and inspire their research and innovation ideas. Additionally, this article also summarizes the existing commercial sleep respiratory monitors, so as to promote the commercialization of novel home SRBD monitors that are still under research.
【Abstract】 Objective To observe the effects of scoliosis on pulmonary function. Methods 31 cases of scoliosis were included and underwent pulmonary function test ( PFT) . The cases were divided into an adolescent group ( 16 cases) and an adult group ( 15 cases) according to age. Predicted value was used as a reference to assess various PFT parameters. Results In both groups, forced expiratory volume in one second, forced vital capacity, and pulmonary diffusion decreased. In the adolescent group, residual volume,functional residual volume, and total lung capacity decreased. In the adult group, vital capacity and maximal voluntary ventilation decreased, the ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity decreased, and resonance frequencies increased significantly compared with the adolescent group ( P lt; 0. 05) . Conclusion Scoliosis may lead to restrictive ventilation defect, which is mainly lung volume reduction in adolescent patients and more severe in adult patients.
Objective To explore the contribution of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS) in the variations of blood pressure in the evening to morning and possible mechanisms.Methods In Sleep and Breathing Disorders Centre，from September 2003 to September 2007，adult patients whose Epworth sleeping scoregt;9 were undergone polysomnography(PSG) and divided into 4 groups according to apnea hyponea index(AHI).The levels of blood pressure were monitored and compared between evening and morning.Correlations between PSG indexes and variations of the systolic blood pressure(SBP) and diastolic blood pressure(DBP) were analyzed in OSAHS patients.Results 1 528 patients were enrolled in this study.There was no significant difference between the evening and morning blood pressure in the non-OSAHS group(AHIlt;5，n=172)，whereas DBP rised about 1.73 mm Hg in the mild OSAHS group(AHI≤20，n=435)，SBP and DBP rised about 3.52 and 3.71 mm Hg respectively in the moderate OSAHS group(AHI≤40，n=307)，and SBP and DBP rised about 3.72 and 4.22 mm Hg respectively in the severe OSAHS group(AHIgt;40，n=614).The variation of SBP during the night correlated positively with the arousal index in the mild OSAHS group（r=0.25，Plt;0.05），but with the body mass index (BMI) in the moderate OSAHS group（r=0.25，Plt;0.05）.In the severe OSAHS group，the variation of SBP during the night correlated positively with BMI and the longest apnea time (LA)（r=0.26，0.25，both Plt;0.05），the variation of DBP during the night correlated positively with AHI and mean apnea duration(MA)（r=0.22，0.17，both Plt;0.05），and the variation of mean arterial pressure during the night correlated positively with AHI and MA（r=0.25，0.20，both Plt;0.05）.Conclusion OSAHS may induce mild rises of the blood pressure at night.The relevant factors that influence the blood pressure are different in different severity of the OSAHS.
Objective To study the prevalence of snoring in adults aged over 35 yrs in Kelamayi city of Xinjiang province, and screen the snoring associated factors.Methods 2600 subjects( age≥35 yrs) were enrolled from a random sample of the population living in 5 streets, two districts in Kelamayi city. All subjects were required to answer questions about their snoring by himself or bed partner at home. The questionnaire included items concerning snoring, daytime sleepness ( Epworth sleep scale, ESS) , smoking and drinking habits, while height, weight, neck circumference, abdominal circumference, waistline, and hip circumference were meatured. The subjects were assigned to a high risk group and a low risk group according to the questionaire of scoring. Results 2590 subjects had completed the questionnaire and 2513 ( 97. 0% )were eligble for evaluation. The cases of ever snoring was 1312 ( 52. 2% ) , among which moderate to severe snoring accounted for 38. 9% . Before the age of 60 yrs, the risk of snoring increased with age, and higher in males than females( 61. 7% vs. 45. 1% ) . The prevalence of snoring increased with neck circumference( P lt;0. 05) . The body mass index ( BMI) [ ( 28. 2 ±3. 6) kg/m2 vs. ( 25. 1 ±3. 9) kg/m2 ] , neck circumference [ ( 37. 7 ±3. 6) cmvs. ( 35. 6 ±3. 6) cm] , abdominal circumference [ ( 96. 9 ±13. 6) cm vs. ( 88. 7 ±11. 1) cm] , waistline [ ( 92. 2 ±9. 8) cm vs. ( 84. 7 ±10. 2) cm] , hip circumference [ ( 102. 9 ±9. 6) cm vs.( 96. 4 ±9. 3) cm] , proportionlity of waistline to hip circumference ( 0. 90 ±0. 07 vs. 0. 88 ±0. 08) , systolic blood pressure [ ( 132. 0 ±17. 5) mm Hg vs. ( 125. 6 ±16. 8) mm Hg] , and diastolic blood pressure [ ( 83. 3 ±12. 8) mm Hg vs. ( 78. 3 ±12. 6) mm Hg] were significantly different bettween the high and the low risk groups ( P lt; 0. 01) . Logistic regression analysis revealed that age ( OR = 1. 519) , BMI ( OR =2. 549) , neck circumference (OR = 2. 473) , smoking (OR = 2. 765) , ESS(OR = 2. 575) , and postmenopause( OR=1. 806) were main risk factors for snoring( P lt; 0. 05) . Conclusions The prevalence of snoring in adults over 35 yrs is high in Kelamayi city. The high risk factors for snoring are age, BMI, neck circumference, smoking, ESS, and post-menopause.