ObjectiveTo compare four different transfection reagents for transfection efficiency of rat heart myoblast cells H9C2, to choose the optimal transfection method.MethodsThe plasmids of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene were transfected as exogenous genes to H9C2 cells from four different transfection regents including FuGENE HD, DNA-In CRISPR, Lipofectamine 3000 and Lipofectamine 2000. Fluorescence intensity was measured by fluorescence microscopy and fluorescence microplate reader to evaluate transfection efficiency. The effects of four transfection reagents on cell viability were measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) reagents.ResultsTransfection efficiency of Lipofectamine 3000 was the highest (>50%), while that of DNA-In CRISPR was the lowest (<1%). The cytotoxicity of Lipofectamine 3000 was the lowest in the four transfection reagents and the cell viability was 94.55% after 48-hour transfection.ConclusionTransfection regent Lipofectamine 3000 has the relatively high transfection efficiency as well as the lowest cytotoxicity, which is more suitable for use in H9C2 cells by transfection.
Objective To detect traces of microRNAs (miRNAs) in plasma and assess the expression stability of two common reference genes by stem-loop and poly A polymerase (PAP) real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, as miRNAs are the new bio-markers of tumor diagnosis and molecular targeted therapy, and its quantitative research is very important. Methods We extracted miRNAs from plasma of adult Sprague Dawley (SD) rats’ plasma, and detected the expressions of rno-miR-200b-3p and rno-miR-126-3p with stem-loop and PAP real-time PCR quantitative method, with rno-miR-103a-3p and U6 as internal controls. All the results were evaluated by 2△Ct method. Results Compared with PAP method, the stem-loop method reduced Ct value by 2-4 cycles and improved sensitivity by 10 times. In PAP method, the melting curve showed two peaks, a main peak and a small non-specific peak. Yet the melting curve of stem-loop method demonstrated a single specific peak. Furthermore, we validated the stability of internal references in the two real time PCR methods. U6 presented a more stable Ct value than rno-miR-103 in adult SD rats’ plasma samples. Conclusions Stem-loop real-time PCR is recommended as a major way to detect some samples with a low concentration of miRNAs, owing to its high accuracy and sensitivity. However, if a large number of tissue samples is going to be detected, PAP real-time PCR is more suitable and convenient than stem-loop method. U6 is more stable and repeatable than rno-miR-103a-3p as the reference gene to evaluate the semi-quantitative consequence of miRNAs.
Objective To observe the effects of hydrogen peroxide on the expression of transforming growth factorβ1(TGF-β1) and Smad3 protein in A549 cells. Methods A549 cells were cultured with different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide. MTT assay was used to determine the cell growth and survival rates. The level of TGF-β1 and p-Smad3 protein were detected by western blotting. Results It was observed that hydrogen peroxide significantly inhibit proliferation of A549 cells. When the concentration of hydrogen peroxide was 1.0 mmol/L, the inhibition ratio reaches 46.34%, and the level of TGF-β1 and p-Smad3 protein were increased in a time-dependence manner and reached a peak after 24 h, then decreased a little but also remained at high level. Conclusions In the early oxidative damage, A549 cells express high level of TGF-β1 and p-Smad3 protein. It may be relevant to tissue repair and remodeling after lung injury.
目的 通過分析環境空氣中二氧化硫與過敏原的關聯性，探討二氧化硫在評估過敏性疾患中的作用。 方法 收集2005年1月1日－2012年12月31日綿陽市4個監測點二氧化硫濃度，及2007年7月1日－2012年12月31日的過敏性疾病患者各種過敏原的陽性百分比，采用Pearson相關分析探討二氧化硫濃度變化對過敏原的影響。 結果 2005年－2012年綿陽市二氧化硫年平均濃度分別為（0.060 ± 0.022）、（0.054 ± 0.018）、（0.046 ± 0.012）、（0.030 ± 0.020）、（0.026 ± 0.010）、（0.035 ± 0.012）、（0.036 ± 0.008）、（0.030 ± 0.009） mg/m3。淡水魚組合（fs34），海魚組合（fs33），羊肉（f88），黃豆（f14），花生（f13），狗上皮（e2）與二氧化硫的Pearson相關系數分別為：0.144、0.186、0.209、0.150、0153、0.197。檢驗P值分別為：0.019、0.002、0.001、0.015、0.013、0.001。按α=0.05標準認為與二氧化硫存在正相關關系。而其余的塵螨組合（ds1）、普通豚草（w1）、律草（u80）、樹組合（ts20）、雷菌組合（ms1）、蟑螂（i6）、屋塵（h1）、牛肉（f27）、蝦（f24）、蟹（f23）、牛奶（f2）、雞蛋白（f1）、貓毛（e1）、艾蒿（w6），按α=0.05標準，不能認為與二氧化硫存在正相關關系。 結論 環境空氣二氧化硫與淡水魚、海鮮、羊肉、大豆、花生及狗皮屑具有明確的相關性，對樹組合、普通豚草、艾蒿、塵螨組合、屋塵、貓毛、蟑螂、霉菌組合、律草、雞蛋白、牛奶、牛肉、蝦、蟹等無明確的相關性。
Objective To explore decompression strategies for lateral lumbar spinal stenosis under unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE) assistance. Methods A clinical data of 86 patients with lateral lumbar stenosis treated with UBE-assisted intervertebral decompression between September 2022 and December 2023 was retrospectively analyzed. There were 42 males and 44 females with an average age of 63.6 years (range, 45-79 years). The disease duration ranged from 6 to 14 months (mean, 8.5 months). Surgical levels included L2, 3 in 3 cases, L3, 4 in 26 cases, L4, 5 in 42 cases, and L5, S1 in 15 cases. According to Lee’s grading system, there were 21 cases of grade 1, 37 cases of grade 2, and 28 cases of grade 3 for lumbar spinal stenosis. Based on the location of stenosis and clinical symptoms, the 33 cases underwent interlaminar approach, 7 cases underwent interlaminar approach with auxiliary third incision, 26 cases underwent contralateral inclinatory approach, and 20 cases underwent paraspinal approach; then, the corresponding decompression procedures were performed. Visual analogue scale (VAS) score was used to evaluate lower back/leg pain before operation and at 1 and 3 months after operation, while Oswestry disability index (ODI) was used to evaluate spinal function. At 3 months after operation, the effectiveness was evaluated using the modified MacNab evaluation criteria. The spinal stenosis and decompression were evaluated based on Lee’s grading system using lumbar MRI before operation and at 3 months after operation. ResultsAll procedures were successfully completed with mean operation time of 95.1 minutes (range, 57-166 minutes). Dural tears occurred in 2 cases treated with interlaminar approach with auxiliary third incision. All incisions healed by first intention. All patients were followed up 3-10 months (mean, 5.9 months). The clinical symptoms of the patients relieved to varying degrees. The VAS scores and ODI of lower back and leg pain at 1 and 3 months after operation significantly improved compared to preoperative levels (P<0.05), and the indicators at 3 months significantly improved than that at 1 month (P<0.05). According to the modified MacNab evaluation criteria, the effectiveness at 3 months after operation was rated as excellent in 52 cases, good in 21 cases, and poor in 13 cases, with an excellent and good rate of 84.9%. No lumbar instability was detected on flexion-extension X-ray films during follow-up. The Lee’s grading of lateral lumbar stenosis at 2 days after operation showed significant improvement compared to preoperative grading (P<0.05). ConclusionFor lateral lumbar spinal stenosis, UBE-assisted decompression of the spinal canal requires the selection of interlaminar approach, interlaminar approach with auxiliary third incision, contralateral inclinatory approach, and paraspinal approach based on preoperative imaging findings and clinical symptoms to achieve better effectiveness.