Objective To study the distribution of HIV/AIDS high-risk population, HIV infection and the main risk factors for developing HIV/AIDS’ controllable measures and exploring appropriate health education and behavior intervention models. Methods A total of 360 commercial sex workers (CSW) joined together through convenience sampling and 360 drug users (DU) joined together through convenience sampling or snow-balling sampling whose relevant behavior factors were investigated by questionnaires. Results The general rate of knowing knowledge about AIDS was 75.2% among 360 CSW, 67.8% CSW used condom in commercial sex activities; none of 149 CSW blood samples was detected HIV or syphilis antibody positive. The general rate of knowing knowledge about AIDS was 83.7% among 360 DU who injected drugs last month, the rate of sharing needles was 47.6% and the low rate of condom used; 1 HIV antibody and 5 syphilis antibodies positive were found among 198 DU blood samples, so HIV and syphilis infection rate were 0.51%and 2.53%, respectively. Conclusion The rate of HIV infection is a very low level and there are many risk factors among CSW and DU. A good job should be done to integrate AIDS health education with behavioral intervention and the monitoring system for the AIDS/HIV high-risk population should be improved.
目的 探討自發性腦出血（ICH）術后常見并發癥及其處理。 方法 回顧性分析2009年1月－2012年1月收治的178例ICH手術治療患者的臨床資料，根據血腫量大小及部位不同，行開顱血腫清除術83例（開顱組），微創穿刺碎吸術95例（穿刺組），分析其術后并發癥發生率，組間比較采用χ2檢驗，并結合文獻復習。 結果 178例患者，均有程度不同的一種或多種并發癥。除開顱組肺部感染發生率（48.2%）明顯高于穿刺組（29.5%）外（P=0.010），其余并發癥發生率兩組間差異無統計學意義（P＞0.05）。 結論 ICH術后并發癥嚴重且發生率高，術后并發癥的處理是否恰當直接影響患者的預后。