Objective To elucidate the new concept and theory of neurorestoratology. Methods With the review of the development course and important research works in the field of neurorestoratology during the 20th century, especially recent 30 years, the regularity summary, science and technology philosophy induction, and theory distillation were carried out in this article. Results The new discipl ine system was brought forward as follows: ① Definition: neurorestoratology was asub-discipl ine of neuroscience which studies neural regeneration, neural structural repair of replacement, eruroplasticity and neuromodulation. The core purpose was to promote neural functional recovery of all neural degenerative diseases and damages. ② One central task and two basic points: to recover neurological function was the central research task all the time and the two basic points were the precl inical (basic) neurorestoration and the cl inical neurorestoration. ③ Four rationale of the discipl ine: l imited renovation, relearning, insufficient reserve, and l ifelong reinforcement. ④ Five major factors of neurorestoratology (5N’s dogma): neuroregeneration, neurorepair, neuroplasticity, neuromodulation, neurorehabil itation. “Neuroprotection” appeared to be included in the broad definition. ⑤ Four-step rule of neurorestoratology: structural neurorestoration, signal neurorestoration, rehabil itative neurorestoration, and functional neurorestoration. ⑥ Emphasize that translational medicine from lab to bed in neurorestoration. Conclusion The discipl ine of neurorestoratology has the vast development prospectand will be sure to increase the rapid progress of the basic and cl inical restorative neuroscience.
ObjectiveTo summarize the recent research progress of circRNA in gastric cancer, and to explore the clinical value of circRNA as new therapeutic target and diagnostic or prognostic biomarker for gastric cancer.MethodThe studies on circRNA and related literatures in gastric cancer were reviewed.ResultsAs a new member of the non-coding RNA family, circRNA played a key role in regulating the proliferation, invasion, migration, apoptosis, and therapeutic resistance of gastric cancer cells. At the same time, based on the stability and tissue-specific characteristics, circRNA possessed great potential as biomarker for early diagnosis or prognosis evaluation of gastric cancer.ConclusionscircRNA plays an important role in the initiation and progression of gastric cancer. As a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and a new therapeutic target for gastric cancer, circRNA has great potential for clinical transformation.
OBJECTIVE: To study the morphological character of long head of triceps muscle for clinical application in reconstruction of shoulder abduction. METHODS: Forty-four upper extremities of fixed human adult cadavers were carefully dissected. The origins and the pedicles of blood vessels and nerves of long head of triceps muscle, as well as the maximum available size of the muscles, were measured. Six cases of clinical application of long head of triceps muscle for reconstruction of shoulder abduction were followed up for 3 to 11 months. RESULTS: The origins in the dorsal side of long head of triceps muscle were muscular and the ventral side were tendinous, which was 7.6 to 13.3 cm in length and 1.6 to 3.4 cm in width. The distance from the origin to the neurovascular pedicle was 5.7 to 11.4 cm. The radial nerve, which innervated the muscles, could be dissected for 2.9 to 11.8 cm in length. The blood supplies to the triceps muscle were from humeral artery (43.2%), 1.0 to 6.0 cm in length and 1.6 to 2.4 mm in diameter, and from humeral profundus artery (45.5%), 1.5 to 4.4 cm in length and 0.9 to 2.4 mm in diameter, if the vessel was separated to the humeral artery, the length was 1.5 to 6.3 cm. The neurovascular pedicles were multiple branched. In the 6 cases of clinical application of the triceps muscles, the operated shoulder could abduct from 5 degrees preoperatively (0 degree to 10 degrees) to 77.3 degrees (50 degrees to 90 degrees) postoperatively. CONCLUSION: In accordance to the anatomical character of the triceps muscles, the long head of triceps muscle is a suitable choice for reconstruction of shoulder abduction with optimistic outcomes.
In 2019, the American Wilderness Medical Society updated and released a new version of the practice guidelines based on the practice guidelines for the prevention and treatment of acute altitude illness first published in 2010 and updated in 2014. This article interprets the guidelines, focusing on effective measures to prevent and treat different forms of acute altitude illness, as well as suggestions for specific methods to manage the disease, with a view to providing help for clinicians in better practice.
ObjectiveTo analyze the epidemic characteristics of the notifiable infectious diseases in West China Hospital of Sichuan University, so as to guide the prevention, control and treatment of notifiable infectious diseases in the hospital and other medical institutions. MethodsDescriptive analysis was used to make statistics and analysis on the data of notifiable infectious diseases in West China Hospital of Sichuan University from 2015 to 2020, and the reporting situation, disease classification and transmission route were summarized. ResultsA total of 21 382 cases of notifiable infectious diseases with 32 types were reported. There was no class A infectious disease reported. There were 16 305 cases (76.26%) of class B infectious diseases and 5 077 cases (23.74%) of class C infectious diseases. The top 5 infectious diseases were pulmonary tuberculosis, influenza, syphilis, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (including human immunodeficiency virus infection), and viral hepatitis type B. From the trend of the infectious disease reporting, the number of notifiable infectious diseases showed an upward trend from 2015 to 2020. ConclusionsThe report of notifiable infectious diseases in West China Hospital of Sichuan University from 2015 to 2020 mainly focuses on class B infectious diseases and class C infectious diseases. In the future, the prevention and control of infectious diseases should focus on respiratory infectious diseases, blood borne and sexually transmitted infectious diseases.
With chronic kidney disease becoming a public health problem in the world, dialysis treatment model has also become the focus of attention from all walks of life. Sustained low-efficiency dialysis, which adopts the mode of low blood flow and low dialysis volume, is a kind of hybrid renal replacement therapy combining continuous renal replacement therapy and intermittent hemodialysis. It has unique advantages in the treatment of patients with acute and severe renal injury, as well as the dialysis duration, patient activity range and cost. It is the most widely used hybrid renal replacement therapy too. This review summarizes the clinical application and nursing points of sustained low-efficiency dialysis to provide guidance for clinical practice.
Abstract:Objective To observe the expression of calcium-dependent proline-rich tyrosine kinase-2（Pyk2） in myocardium of rheumatic heart disease, the relationship between its role and cardiac fibrosis and clinical significance. Methods The blue myocardium collagen stain were analysed after Masson staining in 30 patients with rheumatic heart disease （RHD group） and 6 normal myocardium specimens （control group）. The contents of hyaluronic acid （HA）, laminin（LN） and type IV collagen（IV-C） were detected by radio-immunity method,and the expressions of Pyk2 protein and messenger ribonucleic acid（mRNA） were explored by immunohistochemistry methods and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction （RT PCR）,then the correlations of these results were statistically analyzed. Results The contents of HA,LN and IV C in RHDgroup increased compared to control group（174.95±76.14μg/L vs. 70.06±15.63μg/L, 153. 86 ± 20. 72μg/L vs. 90.01±14. 11μg/L, 95. 26±7.66μg/L vs. 63. 21±10.62μg/L; P= 0.003, 0. 013, 0. 035）. The Pyk2 absorption and the ratio of Pyk2 mRNA/glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase （GAPDH） in RHD group were significantly higher than those in control group （0. 325 ± 0. 032 vs. 0.106±0.013, 0.870±0.085 vs. 0.573±0.042; P=0.048, 0.006）.There were positive correlativity between the expression of Pyk2 protein and HA, LN and IV-C （r=0. 611, 0. 743, 0. 829, P〈0. 01）, there were positive correlativity between the expression of Pyk2 mRNA and LN, IV-C （r=0. 794, 0. 766, P〈0.05）. Conclusion Pyk2 may play a key role in the proceeding of cardiac fibrosis in rheumatic heart disease by increasing collagen synthesis in myocardium.
目的:觀察W-F168-B型和RENATRONⅡ型透析器復用機臨床應用對患者透析質量的影響。方法:符合納入標準的受試者隨機分為2組,試驗組和對照組的透析器分別用W-F168-B和RENATRONⅡ復用。測定受試者透析前后血紅蛋白、白蛋白、肌酐、尿素氮,計算尿素清除率除以分布容積(Kt/V,K為尿素清除率,t為透析時間,V為分布容積)。結果用均數±標準差表示,采用成組設計的t檢驗,spss13.0統計軟件包分析。結果:試驗組和對照組Kt/V值分別為1.25±0.26和1.24±0.19,透析前后血紅蛋白差值分別為(1.32±0.14)g/L和(1.34±0.27)g/L,白蛋白差值分別為(0.86±0.05)g/L和(0.79±0.18)g/L。t 檢驗示兩組以上各值比較差異無統計學意義(Pgt;0.05)。結論:兩種透析器復用機對受試者透析充分性的影響無明顯差異,能達到較好的透析質量。
【摘要】 目的 探討胰腺癌早期診斷的要點及誤診因素。 方法 回顧性分析2009年7月8日收治的1例以腹脹、嘔吐為主要表現的胰腺癌患者。 結果 患者經及時剖腹探查確診為胰腺癌并行手術切除。 結論 胰腺癌起病隱匿，其早期誤診率高，進行胰腺癌的早期診斷、避免誤診是提高預后的重點和難點。【Abstract】 Objective To explore the main points of early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer and its misdiagnosis factors. Methods The clinical data of one patient with pancreatic cancer on the 8th July, 2009 was retrospectively analyzed. The chief complaints included abdominal distension and vomiting. Results By exploratory surgery in time,the patient was diagnosed as pancreatic cancer and underwent the resection. Conclusion The onset of pancreatic cancer is very insidious,usually with a high misdiagnosis rate. How to make the right early diagnosis and to avoid misdiagnosis are the focal points of improving the prognosis.
ObjectiveTo compare the three-dimensional (3D) laparoscopic simulator with two-dimensional (2D) laparoscopic simulator in training of laparoscopic novices.MethodsBetween January 2018 and December 2019, surgical residents from Chinese PLA General Hospital were enrolled, which were grouped into 3D and 2D group. After receiving training program, novices in both two groups subject to performance examination, including bean-picking module, exchange module, transfer module, needle-manipulating module, and suture module. Times and errors were compared between the two groups for each module.ResultsA total of 16 novices in 3D group and 15 novices in 2D group were enrolled, and baseline characteristics including age, gender, major hand, glass wearing, laparoscopic experience, and shooting game experience were well balanced between the two groups (P>0.05). There were comparable times and errors between the two groups in terms of bean-picking module and exchange module (P>0.05). The time of transfer module and needle-manipulating module was not significant between the two groups (P>0.05), but novices in 3D group performed more precise than those in 2D group (P<0.05). In suture module, 3D group had shorter time (P=0.02) and higher accuracy (P=0.03).Conclusion3D laparoscopic simulator can shorten novice performance time in complex procedures, improve accuracy, and facilitate laparoscopic training.