Objective To sum up the research advances of the seed cell and the culture system using in tissue engineering cartilage. Methods The recent original articles about the seed cell and the culture system in tissue engineering cartilage were extensively reviewed. Results At present, autologous or homologous cells is still major seed cell and the three dimensional culture system is also major system for tissue engineering cartilage. Conclusion The source of seed cell for tissue engineering cartilage. Conclusion The source of seed cell for tissue engineering cartilage should be further explored, and the culture system need to be improved and developed.
Clinical trial, an important research method, plays a crucial role in the development of medicine. It provides important decision support for medical workers. Medical research proposal should be posted at clinical trial registries. Researchers should update original data and research results, which contributes to data sharing. Clinical trial registration can avoid repetitive research and make clinical trials more transparent and standardized. This paper briefly introduces the clinical trial registration, including the definition, the significance, the history, the scope of registration, the organization of registration, and some common problems in the process of registration. Taking the application of clinical trial registration in the field of neurological research as an example, the article describes the current application status of clinical trial registration and explores it’s value and deficiency in specific clinical research, to provoke the awareness on trial registration, which can help to improve the quality of clinical trials.
Objective To understand research progress on peritoneal metastasis from gastric cancer at present stage briefly. Methods The literatures about mechanism, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of the peritoneal metastasis from gastric cancer at home and aboard were collected to make a review. Results The peritoneal metastasis is the common site of the distant metastasis in the advanced gastric cancer. It’s occurrence mechanism is complex, the diagnostic measure is varied, the prevention way is difficulty, and it give priority to with the comprehensive treatment and the transformed therapy. Conclusion It has a certain necessity to study occurrence mechanism, prevention methods and treatment measures so that improve survival rate and prognosis for patients with peritoneal metastasis from advanced gastric cancer.
Objective To investigate time differences in directional differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) into nucleus pulposus-like cells (NPCs) in a non contact co-culture system so as to search for the best time for transplantation in vivo. Methods Six New Zealand white rabbits (aged 6 weeks, weighing 1.5-2.0 kg) were selected. BMSCs were collected and cultured for immunocytochemistry identification of CD34, CD44, CD45, and CD90; NPCs were isolated and identified immunocytochemically by RT-PCR. The 2nd passage BMSCs and the primary NPCs were co-cultured in a non contact co-culture system. The cell morphological changes were observed and the cell growth curves were made at 1, 3, and 5 passages after co-culture. The expressions of the aggrecan and collagen type II genes were detected by RT-PCR in BMSCs at 5, 10, and 15 days after co-culture; the expressions of the aggrecan and collagen type II proteins were detected by Western blot at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 days after co-culture. Results The expressions of CD44 and CD90 were positive, CD34 and CD45 were negative in BMSCs. The expressions of the collagen type II and aggrecan were positive in NPCs. At 2 weeks after co-culture, the morphology of BMSCs changed obviously, the cells were polygonal and irregular shape. The cell growth rate showed no difference within 3 passages, but decreased obviously after 3 passages. RT-PCR showed that the expressions of collagen type II and aggrecan genes at 10 and 15 days were significantly higher than those at 5 days (P lt; 0.05), no significant difference was found between at 10 days and at 15 days (P gt; 0.05). Western blot showed that the expressions of collagen type II and aggrecan proteins gradually increased with time, and there was significant difference within 5, 10, and 15 days (P lt; 0.05), but no significant difference was found after 15 days of co-culture (P gt; 0.05). Conclusion In a non contact co-culture system, BMSCs can differentiate into the NPCs. The expression of collagen type II and aggrecan can reach a stable level at 15 days after co-culture, and it is the suitable time for transplantation in vivo.
Objective To investigate the diagnosis and effectiveness of improved percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) for patients with thoracolumbar metastatic tumors, who could not tolerate anesthesia and open operation. Methods Between September 2009 and September 2010, 16 patients with thoracolumbar metastatic tumors underwent improved PKP. Of 16 patients, 7 were male and 9 were female with an average age of 64.5 years (range, 60-73 years). All patients had vertebralmetastasis tumor. The disease duration was 3-6 months with an average of 4 months. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score was 8.9 ± 0.8. No spinal cord compression and nerve root compression was observed. The involved vertebrae included T7 in 1 case, T8 in 1, T12 in 1, L2 in 2, L3 in 2, L4 in 3, T1, 2 in 1, T3, 4 in 1, T7, 8 in 1, T11, 12 in 1, T7-L1 in 1, and T12-L4 in 1. Nine patients had vertebral compression fracture with a vertebral compression rate below 75%. Results All patients were successfully performed PKP. There was no serious adverse reactions in cardiopulmonary and brain vascular systems and no perioperative death. The biopsy results showed that all were metastatic adenocarcinoma. All patients were followed up 9-18 months mean, 14 months). Complete pain rel ief was achieved in 14 cases and partial rel ief in 2 cases 6 months after operation according to World Health Organization criterion, with a pain-rel ief rate of 87.5%. The VAS score was 1.8 ± 0.6 at 6 months postoperatively, showing significant difference when compared with the preoperative score (P lt; 0.05). Two patients had cement leakages in 3 vertebrae with no symptoms at 6 months postoperatively. During follow-up, 12 patients died and the others survived with tumor. Conclusion For patients with thoracolumbar metastatic tumors who can not tolerate anesthesia and open operation, improved PKP has the advantages such as minimal invasion, high diagnostic rate, and early improvement of pain in the biopsy and treatment. It can improve patient’s qual ity of l ife in the combination of radiotherapy or chemotherapy.
Objective To explore the technique of arthroscopic treatment of local ized pigmented villonodular synovitis of the knee and to evaluate its cl inical results. Methods From February to December 2006, 22 cases of local ized pigmented villonodular synovitis of the knee were treated by arthroscopic excision of the focus and partial synovectomy. There were 8 males and 14 females, with an average age of 24 years old (16 to 35 years old). Eight patients had a trauma history, the others had no obvious inducement. The disease course was from 1 month to 30 months with an average of 10 months. The Lysholm score was 68.5 ± 8.2, and the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score was 72.7 ± 5.2 before operation. MRI showed that 20 knees had definite focuses and 2 had no ones. In all the cases, routine arthroscopic approach combined with assistant approach adjacent to the focus was used. Results All the patients were diagnosed as having local ized pigmented villonodular synovitis of the knee by pathological examination. The incisions healed at stage I. No compl ications occurred after operation. All patients were followed up 18-28 months (average 22 months). The angle of genuflex was less than 90° in 2 cases after 6 weeks, and the range of motion of the knee was recovery after manipulation release. At last followup, MRI showed no recurrence was found in 19 patients. The IKDC score was 92.8 ± 2.4, and the Lysholm score was 94.5 ± 3.5, respectively, indicating significant differences when compered with before operation (P lt; 0.01). Conclusion Local ized pigmented villonodular synovitis of the knee can be effectively treated by arthroscopic excision of the focus along with a rim of surrounding healthy synovium with most minimal invasive and best knee function.
In the new era of development, countries in the world have realized the importance of cultivating interdisciplinary and innovative talents, and China is also paying more and more attention to the cultivation of medicine-engineering talents. Compared with the cultivation of single discipline postgraduates, the cultivation of medicine-engineering postgraduates involves effective integration of multiple disciplines, and its cultivation difficulty is greater. At present, China is still in the exploration stage of the medicine-engineering postgraduates training model. Therefore, this article intends to summarize the relatively mature and advanced medicine-engineering postgraduates training models at home and abroad, and extract experiences that are in line with China’s actual development, providing some suggestions for the establishment of postgraduates training systems of medicine-engineering interdisciplinary in China.
Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of different wavelength krypton lasers on diabetic retinopathy. Methods A total of 55 eyes (35 cases) with diabetic retinopathy underwent different wavelength k rypton lasers photocoagulation treatment, according to the different manifestati on of the affected eyes. The visual acuity, intraocular pressure，visual field,visual evoked potential were examined, and slit-lamp, ophthalmoscopy, Bultraso nography, and fundus fluorescein angiography were performed preoperatively. The patients were followed up for at least 12 months after krypton laser treatment. Results The resulting effect on visual acuity after 12 months of photocoagulation in this series revealed that, 20 eyes (36.4%) i mproved, 34 eyes (61.8%) remained no change, and one eye (1.8%) decreased. Conclusions Different wavelength krypton lasers photoco agulation can be used in treatment of diabetic retinopathy and can improve the visual acuity at certain extent. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2001,17:178-180)
Objective To summarize the methods and experience of animal experiment ethics training at home and abroad, analyze the opportunities and problems, and explore the ethics training methods suitable for the current situation of animal experiments in China. Methods Documents relating to animal experiment ethics training from January 2012 to February 2022 were searched in PubMed, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang Data databases. After literature screening and data extraction by 2 researchers independently, descriptive analysis was performed. Results A total of 44 documents were selected, including 19 in Chinese and 25 in English, involving 44 institutions. According to the literature analysis, in the United States, Britain and other developed countries, the welfare and ethical laws for laboratory animals were relatively perfect, such as the Animal Welfare Act of the United States, the Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act of Britain, the Animal Welfare Act of German, and the Act on Welfare and Management of Animals of Japan, while in China administrative regulations were the main ones, and most of the institutions were restricted by management regulations; the ethics of personnel involved in animal experiments were uneven; the training time of some domestic institutions was less than that of institutions abroad; domestic training methods and contents needed to be improved. Basing on the comparative results at home and abroad and combining the training experience, West China Hospital of Sichuan University improved the animal experiment ethics training system. Conclusion It is suggested that the animal experimental institutions in China should improve the training methods, to enhance the awareness and cognition of people involved in animal experiments more systematically and scientifically, and strengthen the ethical review.
Objective To strengthen and improve the decision of emergency medical rescue and provide the experience for the world, the article evaluates the performance of emergency command in Yushu Earthquake.Methods All the materials seen during the first year after Yushu earthquake were collected, such as all documents, information notifications and work reports issued by the Central Government and the Ministry of Health, and all the information from the website of News Office of the State Council, Ministry of Health, State Seismology Bureau, Qinghai Provincial People’s Government, and Department of Health of Qinghai Province. The data were also searched from CNKI and descriptively analyzed after the retrospective study. Results Based on the experience from Wenchuan Earthquake, the emergency command in Yushu Earthquake was characterized by: a) Promptly starting a Level-1 response; b) Setting up and completing an integrated work mechanism of military, police and the local government; and c) Achieving an accurate command under the guidance of precise information. Conclusion As the successful precedent of large-scale medical and health rescue at the high-altitude area in the world, the experience of Yushu Earthquake supplements and enriches the Wenchuan’s, and provides references for both domestic and overseas disaster medical emergency response.