目的 評價選擇性介入治療在原發性肝癌(HCC)門脈高壓癥中的應用價值。 方法 2008年11月-2011年3月,收治65例臨床明確診斷的HCC伴門脈高壓癥患者,選擇性使用肝動脈化學療法(化療)栓塞術、脾栓塞術、門靜脈化療栓塞術、門靜脈支架、胃冠狀靜脈栓塞術等介入術式,術后通過觀察臨床指標、定期復查影像檢查等了解病變轉歸,隨訪生存期并評價療效。 結果 65例HCC患者均合并不同程度門靜脈高壓,其中門靜脈癌栓46例中有37例顯示肝動脈-門靜脈分流,通過肝動脈及門靜脈化療栓塞術進行主瘤體及癌栓治療。11例行門靜脈支架置入術,支架置入后門靜脈壓較術前明顯下降(P<0.01),支架中位通暢時間為5.8個月。39例行胃冠狀靜脈和(或)胃短靜脈栓塞術,術后有4例再次發生門脈高壓性出血,再出血率10.26%。18例行脾動脈栓塞術,術后3個月血小板較術前顯著升高(P<0.01)。隨訪術后3、6、12及24個月的生存率分別為90.77%、69.23%、35.38%及13.85%。 結論 選擇性聯合使用各種介入術式是治療HCC及其相關性門脈高壓癥的一種有效方法,可有效預防高危風險,延長患者生存期。
目的 探討急診行子宮動脈灌注藥物栓塞術治療剖宮產后切口妊娠的可行性和臨床價值。 方法 2009年10月-2011年12月,對17例臨床證實切口瘢痕妊娠并陰道出血患者,急診行雙側子宮動脈灌注甲氨蝶呤并超選擇栓塞術,術后通過觀察人絨毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)水平、陰道出血及術后清宮術來評價療效。 結果 17例患者急診行子宮動脈灌注栓塞術成功,術后陰道出血均停止或減少,HCG水平均明顯下降,3例因孕囊自行排除而未行清宮,14例術后2~4 d行胚胎鉗刮術,術中出血量較少。所有患者1周后均治愈出院。 結論 子宮動脈灌注栓塞術是治療剖宮產術后切口瘢痕妊娠的一種有效方法,可及時治療陰道大出血,促進殺胚,并為術后清宮提供安全保障。
【摘要】 目的 探討磁共振動態增強掃描及磁共振彌散加權成像(diffusion weighted imaging,DWI)對肝癌經導管動脈內化學栓塞(transcatheter arterial chemoembolization,TACE)治療后的腫瘤殘余及復發的判斷價值。 方法 2009年1月-2010年10月,對28例經證實的肝癌患者在TACE治療前、治療后3~7 d及治療后1~2個月、3~6個月行磁共振動態增強及DWI掃描,動態測量表觀彌散系數(apparent diffusion coefficient,ADC)值,與數字減影血管造影(digital substraction angiography,DSA)檢查對照,評價動態增強掃描及DWI對腫瘤殘留或復發的檢出能力。〖HTH〗結果 對腫瘤殘余及復發的顯示,動態增強掃描靈敏度為90.0%,特異度為96.9%;DWI靈敏度為96.7%,特異度為93.8%;動態增強掃描與DWI相結合的靈感度為100.0%,特異度為99.5%;DSA靈敏度和特異度分別為96.7%、100.0%。TACE治療前所有腫瘤實質的ADC值為(1.134±0.014)×10-3 mm2/s;TACE治療后3~7 d ADC值為(1.162±0.016)×10-3 mm2/s;TACE治療后1~2個月碘油沉積較好,無明顯殘余或復發病灶的ADC值為(1.175±0.015)×10-3 mm2/s,3~6個月后隨訪病灶ADC值為(1.179±0.017)×10-3 mm2/s;TACE治療后1~2個月碘油沉積不完全或無明顯沉積病灶ADC值為(1.147±0.016)×10-3 mm2/s,3~6個月后隨訪病灶實質平均ADC值(1.142±0.012)×10-3 mm2/s。 結論 將動脈增強掃描與DWI相結合可提高對TACE治療后肝癌殘余及復發判斷的靈敏度及特異度;對腫瘤組織平均 ADC值的動態測量、觀察可及早判斷腫瘤復發的可能性。【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) in judging the remnant and recurrence on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). Methods Between January 2009 and October 2010, 28 patients with HCC underwent dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI and DWI before and after TACE 3-7 days, 1-2 months and 3-6 months, respectively, and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value of the tumor were also measured at above mentioned time points. The sensitivity and specificity of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI and DWI in diagnosis of residual tumor and recurrent cancer was qualitatively evaluated by comparing with the DSA results. Results Compared with DSA, the sensitivity and specificity of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI were 90.0% and 96.9% by revealing the remnant and recurrence of HCC, while the sensitivity and specificity of DWI were 96.7% and 93.8% respectively. Combining dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI and DWI the sensitivity and specificity were improved to 100.0% and 99.5%, respectively. The mean ADC value of tumor before and after 3-7 days of TACE were (1.134±0.014)×10-3 and (1.162±0.016)×10-3 mm2/s, respectively. The mean ADC value of tumor without and with remnant and recurrence after 1-2 months and 3-6 months follow up were (1.175±0.015)×10-3, and (1.179±0.017)×10-3 mm2/s; (1.147±0.016)×10-3 and (1.142±0.012)×10-3 mm2/s, respectively. Conclusions Combining dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI and DWI could improve the sensitivity and specificity to detect the remnant and recurrence of HCC after TACE. Measuring the ADC value during follow up of HCC patients after TACE could predict the probability of tumor recurrence.