Objective To investigate the activation and significance of nuclear transcription factorκB (NFκB) in primary breast carcinoma. MethodsImmunohistochemical staining method was used to detect expression of NFκB in 28 cases of primary breast carcinoma and 21 cases of breast tissues closely adjacent to carcinoma tissues. ResultsIt showed that there was expression of NFκB in 28 cases of breast carcinoma tissues and 21 cases of breast tissues closely adjacent to carcinoma. In 21 cases of breast tissues closely adjacent to carcinoma, NFκB was localized mainly in cytoplasm of epithelium cells of ducts and lobular acini. In 28 cases of breast carcinoma NFκB was mainly expressed in cytoplasm and /or nuclei of breast carcinoma cells. Conclusion NFκB is expressed in breast tissues closely adjacent to carcinoma and primary breast carcinoma tissues, and the expression style in the two situation was different. In the breast tissues closely adjacent to carcinoma, NFκB is localized in cytoplasm of epithelium cells of breast acini and duct in an inactive state. In breast carcinoma tissues, NFκB is localized in both cytoplasm and nuclei of carcinoma cells. This study suggests that NFκB is activated in breast carcinoma and plays a significant role in its tumorigenesis and development.
Objective To study the expressions of Delta-like ligand 4 （DLL4） and S100A4 in breast carcinoma of differect molecular subtypes and explore its clinical significance. Methods The expressions of DLL4 and S100A4 in all molecular subtypes were tested by SP immunohistochemistry in 108 cases of breast carcinoma and 40 cases of paracancerous tissues from Taihe Hospital. The Luminal A， Lumianl B， HER-2 over-expression， and basal-like subtypes was 51， 26， 17， and 14 cases， respectively. Then the correlation of DLL4 and S100A4 expression with patients’ clinical and pathological features were analyzed. Results The positive expression rates of DLL4 and S100A4 in breast carcinoma was 67.6%（73/108）and 62.0%（67/108）respectively， which were significantly higher than those in paracancerous tissues〔22.5%（9/40） and 45.0%（18/40）〕， P＜0.05. The positive expression rates of DLL4 and S100A4 in breast carcinoma tissues of HER-2 over-expression and basal-like subtypes were significantly higher than those in breast carcinoma tissues of Luminal A and Luminal B subtypes （P＜0.05）. The expressions of DLL4 and S100A4 in breast carcinoma tissues with lymph node metastasis and without lymph node metastasis were significantly different（P＜0.05）. There was positiver elationship between the expressions of DLL4 and S100A4 in breast carcinoma tissues（rs=0.217，P＜0.01）. Conclusions DLL4 and S100A4 are highly expressed in breast carcinoma tissues of HER-2 over-expression and basal-like subtypes， and are all related with prognosis of breast carcinoma. These results suggest that they might be important factors in breast carcinogenesis and tumor development， metastasis. These proteins are indicators of metastasis and predictors for prognosis of breast carcinoma.
ObjectiveTo study the detection methods of micrometastasis in sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) and their clinical significance. MethodsFifty women with breast carcinoma were included. SLN in fifty breast carcinoma was identified by using methylene blue staining to detect and remove them for routine hematoxylin and eosin stain and histological exam. All negative SLNs were examined by serial section (SS) with the section interval of 250 μm and HE stain for microscopic examination and immunohistochemical (IHC) exam was performed with CK19 monoclonal antibody. Then the above three detection methods were analyzed. All patients had axillary lymph node dissection (ALND)，and all none sentinel lymph nodes (NSLN) were examined by Hamp;E staining.ResultsThe SLNs were identified in 45 of 50 patients with a detection rate of 90%. Sixteen SLNs were found positive with routine histological exam, the positive detecting rate was 35.56%, while the other 29 negative SLNs were found 7 and 6 cases of micrometastasis using SS and IHC methods，therefore the positive detecting rate was increased by 15.55% and 13.33%, respectively.Conclusion SS and IHC methods could detect the micrometastasis in negative SLN with routinely histological exam, increasing the positive detecting rate and decreasing the false negative rate.
【Abstract】 Objective To research the significance on expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) in human breast carcinoma, benign diseases and normal mammary gland by self-constructed tissue chips and research its relationship to regional lymph node metastasis. Methods The tissue chips containing specimens of breast carcinoma, breast benign disease and normal mammary gland were designed and constructed. The expression of VEGF-C in the specimens was detected by the tissue chips and immunohistochemical method, and researched the relationship of the expression of VEGF-C in breast cancer with regional lymph node metastasis. Results The positive rates of VEGF-C in the centre and borderline of carcinoma and distant mammary gland （the distance from the tumor’s bouncary ＞3 cm） were 69.4%（68 /98）, 69.1%（67 /97） and 52.9%（36 /68）, respectively， but not in benign disease and normal mammary gland specimens. The positive rates of VEGF-C in the centre and borderline of carcinoma in lymph node metastasis group 〔75.0%（51/68）， 76.1%(51/67)〕 were significantly higher than that of no metastasis group 〔25.0%（17/68），23.9%(16/67)〕, P＜0.05. The positive rates of VEGF-C in the centre and borderline of carcinoma and distant mammary gland were no correlation with size, type and clinical stage of tumor. Conclusion The tissue chips is high efficiency and well quality control in multiple factor investigation. There are overexpression of VEGF-C in primary breast cancer, and that may play an important role in lymph node metastasis.
【Abstract】Objective To investigate the significance of cyclin D1 and p53 protein expression in synchronous breast carcinoma and fibrosarcoma in rats. Methods Immunohistochemical SP methods was used to study the expression of cyclin D1 and p53 in synchronous breast carcinoma and fibrosarcoma induced by DMBA in rats.Results There was no expression of cyclin D1 and p53 in normal breast tissue. In atypical hyperplasia of mammary, there was overexpression of cyclin D1(7/14) and no expression of p53. The overexpression of cyclin D1 and p53 were detected in breast carcinoma (8/18,7/18 respectively) and fibrosarcoma (9/14,5/14 respectively). There was no expression of cyclin D1 and p53 in adjacent sarcoma.The expression of cyclin D1 and p53 protein was associated with histological grading, and showed inverse relation between them. Conclusion There are cyclin D1 and p53 protein overexpression in the synchronous breast carcinoma and fibrosarcoma induced by DMBA in rats. Cyclin D1 may paticipate in the course of the carcinogenesis of breast carcinoma and fibrosarcoma in rats, and p53 protein overexpression may relate to the degree of malignancy of the tumors.
ObjectiveTo assess the cosmetic outcomes and adverse events of MammoSite balloon brachytherapy for Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation following breast-conserving surgery for patients with early stage breast cancer. MethodsWe searched PubMed, EMbase, Chinese Biomedical Database, Chinese Studies Online, China Journal Full-text Database up to March 2016, to collect clinical trials about MammoSite balloon brachytherapy following breast-conserving surgery for early stage breast cancer. And meta-analyses were performed by OpenMeta and Stata softwares. ResultsTwenty trials involving 3 796 patients were enrolled. The single arm meta-analysis results showed that:the cosmetic results were rated as excellent to good in 93% (95%CI 0.91 to 0.96), and the 5-year incidence of ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) was 3% (95%CI 0.020 to 0.040). ConclusionTo carry out the conclusion above, we still need controlled trials, especially randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to prompt further verification.
ObjectiveTo find the role of oncogene cmet and suppressor gene p53 in the process of tumor angiogenesis and their clinical significance. MethodsBy immunohistochemical method and computer image analysis technique, microvessel count and cmet, p53 protein expression were quantitatively determined in 80 cases of breast carcinoma and 20 cases of breast fibroadenoma. ResultsThe high microvessel count and the positive expression of cmet, p53 were significantly correlated with histologic grade, lymph node metastasis and the stage of the tumor (P＜0.01). The high microvessel count was significantly correlated with the positive expression of cmet and p53 (P＜0.01).ConclusionBoth oncogene cmet and suppressor gene p53 modulate tumor angiogenesis of breast carcinoma.
ObjectiveTo study the apoptotic induction effect of Thapsigargin on estrogen receptor positive human breast cancer cell lines MCF7. MethodsCells were treated with Thapsigargin and 5FU in vitro. The rate of cell apoptosis and distribution of cell cycle were detected on flow cytometry. The cell viability was measured by MTT assay and ultrastructural changes in apoptotic cells were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy.ResultsThapsigargin could increase the rates both of cell apoptosis and growth supression of MCF7 cells induced by 5FU and alter the distribution of cell cycle. Under electron microscope, apoptotic bodies in MCF7 cells considerably increased.ConclusionThapsigargin apparently enhances the effect of apoptotic induction of 5FU on MCF7 cells, it is worthy of being further studied.
【Abstract】Objective To study the surgical therapy and staging investigation about stage Ⅳ breast carcinoma. Methods The clinical data of 38 patients with stage Ⅳ breast carcinoma were summarized, and the patients were followed up. Results The stage Ⅳ patients who had isolated metastasis and removable primary tumor were treated by radical surgery with good effect. On the other hand, the stage Ⅳ patients who had extensive metastasis and primary tumor unresectable were treated by palliative operation with the living quality of patients becoming better and chemotherapy load cutting down. Conclusion The stage Ⅳ patients should be divided into stage Ⅳa and stage Ⅳb. And the stage Ⅳa patients should be treated by radical operation, and the stage Ⅳb by palliative operation.
【Abstract】Objective To investigate the association between p53, c-erb B-2 oncogene protein and angiogenesis in breast carcinoma and breast with atypical hyperplasia. Methods Immunohistochemical reaction of p53, c-erb B-2 oncogene protein was evaluated in 103 benign and malignant lesion breast paraffin-embedded specimens. The microvessel endothelial area (MEA) was quantitated by computer image analysis system (CIAS), which was immunohistochemically stained by FⅧ-RA. The relationships between p53, c-erb B-2 and MEA were analyzed. Results The MEA of p53 oncogene protein positive expression in mild atypical hyperplasia breast lesion was significantly higher than that in p53 negative (t=2.302 4,P＜0.05). The MEA of p53 oncogene protein positive expression in severe atypical hyperplasia was higher than that in p53 negative (t=2.179 4,P＜0.05). Moreover, no significant association between c-erb B-2 oncogene protein and MEA was observed. Conclusion p53 oncogene mutant,protein expression is significantly related to angiogenesis.