Objective To explore devising and clinical effect of ladder-shaped osteotomy and guide apparatus. Methods From February 2002 to January 2004, with the application of guide apparatus devised,the ladder-shaped osteotomy was designed and completed by bone drill and linear saw. The experiment of ladder-shaped osteotomy was carried out on a fresh bone trunk amputated. Clinically, 3 cases were replanted by shortening humerus by means of laddershapedosteotomy. The lengths of bone shortened were 3 to 7 cm. The bone length of ladder-shaped osteotomy was 2 to 3 cm. Two cases of radius defect was repaired with free fibula. The lengths of bone transplanted were 7 and 11 cm. The bone length of ladder-shaped osteotomy was 1 cm. Results It took 2 to 3 minutes to complete the laddershaped osteotomy on the two ends of bone defect. The ends of ladder-shaped osteotomy was integrated closely. All 5 cases were followedup for 10 to 16 months. All fractures healed during 14 to 20 weeks. Of 3 cases shortening humerus, the function of elbow joint was normal in 1 case, the activity range of elbow joint was 0 to 100° in 1 case,and 0 to 80° in 1 case, respectively. Of 2 cases undergoing fibula transplantation, the function of wrist and elbow joint were normal;the pronation and supination ranges of the forearm was 30° and 40° in one, 50° and 45° in the other. Conclusion With the introduction of guide apparatus, the laddershaped osteotomy by bone drill and linear saw is a recommendable procedure because of many advantages such as simple apparatus, shortcut, laborsaving and precision.
Objective To investigate the application of arm medial fascio-cutaneous flap pedicled with cutaneous nerve and nutrient vessel. Methods From February 1999 to December 2004, 18 cases of skin and soft tissue defect in axillary region, elbow and forearm were treated with arm medial fascio-cutaneous flap pedicled with cutaneous nerve and nutrient vessel. Arm medial fascio-cutaneous flap was directly transferred in 3 cases, adversely transferred in 15 cases. The flap area was 4.5 cm×8.5 cm. Results Vein circulation crisis was observed in 3 cases. Of the3 cases, 1 was necrosis and the other 2 by decompressing small vein were saved.The rest 15 cases survived.The period of follow-up was 3 to 30 months. Flap was satisfactory in appearance and function. Conclusion Arm medial fascio-cutaneous flap pedicled withcutaneous nerve and nutrient vessels can be directly or adversely transferred to repair adjacent soft tissue defect.
Objective To observe the clinical effect of the human tissue engineered activeskin (ActivSkin) with full thickness on the donor site of the split thickness skin graft. Methods Nine patients with 18 wounds of the donor sites, and every p atient had 2 wounds. The wounds of each patient were randomly assigned to the therapy group and the control group. Autocontrol observation was performed. Nine donor sites of the split thickness skin graft were repaired with ActivSkin in the therapy group. Nine donor sites of the split thickness skin graft were repaired with the vash oil gauze in the control group. The wound pain, the time to complete closure, and the ratio of the complete healing in the ActivSkin therapy gro up was measured and compared with those in the control group. The donor sites of the split thickness skin graft were assessed at 180 days of the follow-up visit . Results The wound pain was obviously reduced after the harvest ing of the skin grafts in the therapy group. The time to complete closure on the donor sites of the split thickness skin graft was significantly shorter in the ActivSkin therap y group than in the control group (9.67±2.92 d vs.16.56±2.96 d, Plt;0.05 ). Both the ratios of the complete healing in the ActivSkin therapy group and the control group were 100%（Pgt;0.05）. The subsequent results showed that neit her the blister nor the residual wound occurred with an alleviated scar after the Ac tivSkin treatment. Conclusion ActivSkin can promote wound closure, prevent blister and residual wound, and alleviate scarring on the donor sites of the splitthickness skin graft after the ActivSkin treatment.
Objective To observe clinical effects of burn wounds treatment with bovine amnion and to screen the best method of preparing and storing of bovine amnion. Methods From January 2004 to January 2005,We selected randomly 58 patients with superficial Ⅱ° wound, deepⅡ° wound, autografting area for removal of eschars and tangential excision, fetching skin area or residual burn wound . Using auto-control, every burn wound was divided into 3 parts and was treated with 3 dressings: bovine amnion dealt with by 0.1% chlorhexidine（group A）, bovine amnion dealt with by 0.4% glutaraldehyde（group B） and vaseline gauze dressing（group C as control）. The clinical effects were compared between different groupsand the method of preparing and storing bovine amnion was evaluated. Results The dressing texture of group A was softer than that of group B, and its flexibility was fine. The pretreatment was not necessary for dressing in group A. When the dressing was used on burn wounds in groups A and B, painwas slight, but pain was obvious in group C; healing time in groups A and B was much less than that in group C, showing statistically significant difference(P＜0.01). There was no statistically significant difference in healing time between groups A and B (P＞0.05). The infection ratio of burn wound in deepⅡ° wound and residual burn wound of groups A and B is much lower than that of group C, showing statistically significant difference (P＜0.05); in theother burn wounds there was no significant difference (P＞0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between groups A and B (P＞0.05). Conclusion Bovine amnion could make benefit on burn wounds healing, reduce infection ratio of burn wounds, could be used on different kinds of burn wounds. The clinical effect between bovine amnion dealt with by glutaraldehyde and by chlorhexidine is similar. Whereas the latter is more easy to be popularized.
ObjectiveTo understand the current situation and challenges of basic research on respiratory diseases in China.MethodsTo summarize and analyze the application and projects funded in the field of respiratory medicine (Code: H01 and H1615) from National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) during 2010 to 2017.ResultsA total of 2 191 projects of 11 766 applications were funded by NSFC in the field of respiratory medicine and the total subsidy fund reached ￥981 279 000. A total of 1 130 projects of 5 915 applications were funded in the Research Projects, including 1 021 General Program projects, 14 Key Program projects, 16 Major Research Plan projects, 1 Major Research Program project, 2 Program projects of Joint Funds, 30 International (Regional) Cooperation and Exchange Program projects, and 46 Emergency Management Program projects. A total of 1 061 projects of 5 851 applications were funded in the Talent Projects, including 853 Young Scientists Fund projects, 191 projects of Fund for Less Developed Regions, 4 projects of Distinguished Young Scholars, 4 projects of Excellent Young Scientists Fund, and 9 projects of the Research Fund for International Young Scientists. The projects funded were mainly distributed in the field of respiratory inflammation and infection, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary circulation and pulmonary vascular disease. The top three research directions were asthma (19.0%), acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (15.4%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (12.7%), pulmonary circulation and pulmonary vascular disease (12.7%) in sequence. Average funding rate of respiratory tumor (application code: H1615) was 17.2%.ConclusionsSince the Department of Health Science of NSFC was established in 2009, with the increasing of NSFC budget, the basic research in the field of Respiratory Medicine has been developed rapidly. With the efforts of scientific researchers and clinical medical workers, research in the field of respiratory medicine will achieve rapid development in China.
Objective To investigate the growth of the tissue engineered mucosa after its heterotransplantation. Methods The epithelial cells and fibroblasts were isolated from a postoperative tissue of the 3month patient with labialcleft. The epithelial cells and fibroblasts were separately seeded on the polylactic／glycolic acid copolymer membrane, and then they were exposed to the air-liquid interface. Seven volunteer patients, whose traumatic beds were repaired with the tissue engineered oral mucosa. The biopsy tissue from one of the seven patients was observed under light icroscope 18 and 30 days after transplantation, respectively. Results The tissue engineered oral mucosa having 5-6 layers anticytoeratin staining positively cells in the epithelial layer and 3-7 layers anti-Cytoeratin staining negatively cells in the subepithelial layer grew well after the he terotransplantation. No differ ence could be found between the transplanting and normal areas. At 18 days, the epithelial layer and lamina propria grew well and the fibroblasts were found; at 30 days, collagen was obviously observed. The structures in both the transplanting and the normal areas were similar. Conclusion The tissue engineered oral mucosa can grow well after the heterotransplantation.
Grading the evidence of systematic reviews on animal studies will contribute to the improvement in the feasibility of transforming the results of animal studies into clinical trials or clinical practice. High quality evidence from animal studies is more likely to be successfully applied into clinical practice (i.e. more confident). Therefore, the present study will introduce the principles, methods and challenges of the application of GRADE in systematic reviews on animal studies.
Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic, remitting and segmental inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract, radiological examinations play critical roles in the diagnosis of CD. The common radiological examinations include ultrasound examinations of intestine, computed tomography enterography (CTE), and magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) in clinic. The application of CTE and MRE is limited because of radiation exposure or higher costs. The ultrasound examinations of intestine including conventional intestinal ultrasound, ultrasonic elastography, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound have been studied because of the advantages of non-invasiveness and convenience. The accuracy of the intestinal ultrasound has been already partially validated in assisting diagnosis and evaluating the disease activity and location in CD patients. This review aims at summarizing the diagnostic potency and prospect of the application of ultrasound examinations of intestine in CD patients.
Objective To introduce the research update of microencapsulation and its application in orthopedics. Methods Recent articlesconcerned were extensively reviewed. Results Drugs and cells modified by genecould be encapsulated in different materials and be implanted in vivo avoiding a host immune system rejection. It act as a continuous source of desired medicine for enhancement of bone healing, the treatment of bone tumor and bone infection, and the regeneration of bone and cartilage. Conclusion Microencapsulation can be used asa carrier for drugs and cells modified gene to treat related disease in orthopedics.
Objective To introduce the appropriate application of statistical analysis method in medical science and technology articles. Methods Expatiated the correct application of statistical theories in statistical package, statistical analysis methods and test criterion which compose the basic statistical content in an article.Results If the distribution of numerical variable is normal, mean and standard deviance can be used to describe this variable. In the same way, t test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) can be used to test the difference of mean in each group. If it is not normal, median and range can be used to describe the variable and rank sum test can be used to test the difference of distribution in each group. Categorical variable can be described by rate, proportion and ratio. There are chi-square test, fisher’s exact test and ranksum test to test the difference of rates. Conclusion It is the key of choosing rational statistical methods to distinguish the type of design and variable.