ObjectiveTo summarize the mechanism of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in liver diseases. MethodWe sorted out and summarized the studies related to ERS and liver diseases in recent years. ResultsEndoplasmic reticulum plays important roles in protein folding, calcium ion storage, and lipid synthesis in cells. ERS will be induced when the number of misfolded/unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum increases or the calcium ion homeostasis is unbalanced. The endoplasmic reticulum regulates the unfolded protein response through three transmembrane receptor proteins to initiate corresponding pathways for restoring endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis. Prolonged stress can lead to metabolic disorders. Mild ERS can promote the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma, and continuous ERS will induce cell apoptosis and play an anti-tumor effect; ERS can promote lipid accumulation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and aggravate the progression of the disease; in hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury, ERS activation will aggravate liver damage. Meanwhile, ERS activation plays an important pathogenic role in the pathogenesis of drug-induced liver injury. ConclusionERS plays a crucial regulatory role in the occurrence and development of liver-related diseases, providing a theoretical basis and new approach for targeted ERS therapy in liver diseases.
Objective To systematically review the effect of intermittent fasting on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods The PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang Data and CBM databases were electronically searched to collect studies on the effect of intermittent fasting on NAFLD from inception to October 1, 2022. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data and evaluated the risk of bias of the included studies. R software was then used for meta-analysis. Results A total of 7 studies were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that intermittent fasting could reduce liver fibrosis (MD=?0.93, 95%CI 1.67 to 0.19, P<0.05), the levels of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (MD=?8.96, 95%CI ?11.83 to ?6.10, P<0.05), glutamyl transpeptidase (MD=?7.86, 95%CI ?12.00 to ?3.73, P<0.05), and inflammatory molecules (MD=?2.03, 95%CI ?3.69 to ?0.36, P<0.05). In addition, it reduced dietary (total energy) intake (MD=?255.99, 95%CI ?333.15 to ?178.82, P<0.05), body weight (MD=?2.42, 95%CI ?3.81 to ?1.02, P<0.05), BMI (MD=?0.52, 95%CI ?0.92 to ?0.13, P<0.05) and fat mass (MD=?2.37, 95%CI ?4.17 to ?0.57, P<0.05). Conclusion Current research evidence shows that intermittent fasting can improve NAFLD and help patients lose weight. Due to the limited quantity and quality of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.
目的 觀察羅格列酮鈉對血糖控制未達標的2型糖尿病（T2DM）合并與不合并非酒精性脂肪肝（NAFL）患者的降糖療效和安全性。 方法 2009年1月－2011年1月60例僅用磺脲類和二甲雙胍治療血糖控制未達標的T2DM患者，按合并和不合并NAFL分為觀察組和對照組各30例，兩組均在原口服降糖藥基礎上聯合加用國產羅格列酮鈉4 mg 1次/d，治療共3個月，觀察治療前后的血糖、胰島素、糖化血紅蛋白（HbA1c）、體質量指數（BMI）、血脂、肝功、血壓水平以及藥物不良反應，并比較治療后的血糖達標率。 結果 兩組患者治療后的空腹血糖（FPG）、餐后2 h血糖（2hPG）、HbA1c、空腹胰島素、甘油三酯和極低密度脂蛋白膽固醇均較治療前下降，高密度脂蛋白膽固醇較治療前升高（P＜0.05），而丙氨酸轉氨酶、總膽固醇、低密度脂蛋白膽固醇及血壓無明顯變化（P＞0.05），但觀察組治療后的FPG和2hPG均較對照組下降更明顯（P＜0.01），且血糖達標率為73.3%，顯著高于對照組的46.7%（P＜0.05），同時觀察組餐后2 h胰島素（2hINS）水平在治療前后均明顯高于對照組而且治療后有顯著下降（P＜0.01），但對照組治療后2hINS雖然也有下降但無統計學意義（P＞0.05）。觀察組治療前后BMI無明顯變化，但對照組治療后BMI有明顯的升高（P＜0.05）。結論 國產羅格列酮鈉片對血糖控制未達標的T2DM合并和不合并NAFL患者均有進一步降低血糖、HbA1c以及改善血脂的作用，但對T2DM合并NAFL的患者的降糖療效更顯著，未見加重肝功能損壞，不良反應小，可作為此類患者聯合用藥的一種選擇。
Objective To explore the relationship between different diagnostic criteria (ATPIII2002, IDF2005 and CDS2007 criteria) for metabolic syndrome (MS) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods A total of 666 elderly males admitted to West China Hospital for routine physical examination were involved in this study in May, 2010. The diagnostic agreement rates of different criteria were compared, along with the relationship between different diagnostic criteria for MS and NALFD. Results The diagnostic agreement of CDS2007 criteria with either IDF2005 or ATPIII2002 criteria was good. However, the agreement of ATPIII2002 with IDF2005 was compromised. The prevalence of NAFLD in MS group was significantly higher than that of non-MS group (Plt;0.01). On the basis of CDS2007 criteria, there was significant correlation between NAFLD and MS (Plt;0.000). Conclusion There is a close relation between NAFLD and all three diagnostic criteria of MS. NAFLD is one of the most important risk factors of MS. The diagnostic agreement of CDS2007 criteria with the other two is good, and there is significant correlation between NAFLD and criteria CDS2007 of MS. CDS2007 is found to be of high accuracy and applicability in the diagnosis of MS in Chinese population including the elderly.
ObjectiveTo expounded the relationship between phenylalanine, tyrosine and their metabolites and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). MethodThe literatures related to NAFLD in recent years were reviewed and analyzed. ResultThe levels of phenylalanine, tyrosine and their metabolites had changed significantly in the occurrence and development of NAFLD, and could lead to the progress of NAFLD by affecting the related pathways of lipid metabolism. ConclusionPhenylalanine, tyrosine and their related metabolites are associated with NAFLD, but the specific pathogenesis is still unclear.
目的 了解成都地區非酒精性脂肪肝（NAFLD）及高尿酸血癥（HUA）患病情況及相關因素。 方法 對2010年9月－2011年3月健康體檢的36 000名18歲以上受檢者，進行病史采集、體格檢查、空腹血糖、血脂、肝功能、腎功能、血尿酸檢測以及上腹部彩色多普勒超聲檢查。 結果 高尿酸血癥（HUA）的總患病率為18.17%。NAFLD患者HUA患病率為39.41%，明顯高于總患病率（P＜0.01）。NAFLD患者的HUA患病率隨體質量指數（BMI）的增加呈遞增趨勢。BMI、舒張壓、甘油三酯、膽固醇、丙氨酸轉氨酶、門冬氨酸氨轉移酶、谷氨酰轉肽酶、血肌酐、胱抑素C均隨著血尿酸水平的升高而遞增；高密度脂蛋白隨著血尿酸水平的升高而遞減。 結論 NAFLD及HUA關系密切，且二者與代謝紊亂聯系緊密。