護理碩士生作為未來專業領域的中堅力量和領軍人物，承擔著教學、管理、臨床實踐指導等多重任務，其臨床實踐中的學習、深化和帶教十分重要。而當前國內在對護理碩士生進行臨床帶教時，仍采用以科研為主的通才培養模式，缺乏針對性和個體化，也未充分體現護理學的應用性特點。以角色為基礎的臨床帶教模式將護理碩士生的專業角色確定為護理教育者、管理者及高級臨床實踐者，強調以學生專業角色為導向，制定針對性的臨床教學目標和計劃，以培養具有專科特色的應用性護理人才。
ObjectiveTo identify the effects of transition to siblinghood (TTS) on the firstborn children’s emotions and behaviors, and to define the time of TTS.MethodsCBM, VIP, CNKI, WanFang Data, PubMed, Web of Science and EBSCO were electronically searched to collect studies on the emotional and behavioral characteristics of firstborn children in TTS from inception to December 31st, 2019. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk bias of included studies. Then, qualitative methods were used to analyze the studies.ResultsA total of 13 studies involving 980 children were included. 12 behavioral related studies explored self-behavior of the firstborn children during TTS, 3 studies focused on the interaction behavior between the firstborn children and their parents, the firstborn children and the second children. The systematic reviews found that TTS showed both positive and negative effects on the behavioral characteristics of firstborn children, primarily the negative effects. Firstborn children’s anxiety, confrontation and attachment showed 3 different patterns over time, respectively. Two studies showed the increase of negative emotions of firstborn children during TTS. The time range of TTS was mainly concentrated in the third trimester to 12 months after the birth of the second child.ConclusionsThe current evidence shows that TTS primarily increases the negative emotions and behaviors of firstborn children, and the behaviors of firstborn children changes over time. Due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high quality studies are required to verify above conclusions.
護士角色的多元化發展以及新的醫改政策與我國大多數醫學院校現行的涉外護理專業人才培養模式形成了巨大的反差。如何突破傳統觀念,銳意改革,建立新型涉外護理專業人才培養模式,已成為一個既重要又急迫的課題。本文重點討論根據國際護士角色的多元化發展趨勢,明確建立新型涉外護理專業人才培養模式的要點。
通過分析護理研究生在我院近5年撰寫的科研項目申報書、中標與參與課題研究、在國內外學術期刊論文的發表、協助指導論文和參與國內外學術交流活動的情況,從而探討護理研究生在醫院臨床科研工作中的角色和作用。