Objective To investigate the influence of including HIV/AIDS patients on the consolidated fund under the New Cooperative Medical System （NCMS）. Methods Designed questionnaires were used to investigate 24 HIV/AIDS patients and 1155 randomized sample of the population to compare their income, requirement for public health service, expenditure of medical care and to analyze the influence of including HIV/AIDS patients. Results We found the income of HIV/AIDS patients was lower than healthy population in 2003 （722 vs. 2 162 RMB） ; but the requirement （outpatient：2 ：1, inpatient：5 ：1 ）and expenditure of medical care was higher in HIV/AIDS patients. Including HIV/ AIDS patients into NCMS would cause an adverse-effect on consolidated fund. When more than 293 HIV/AIDS patients were included, it would be beyond what the consolidated fund can afford. Conclusions Including HIV/AIDS patients into NCMS can decrease the HIV/AIDS expenditure to some degree. But the government still needs to get involved to share risks and to establish an HIV/AIDS fund to cover that part which NCMS could not afford.
目的:了解鐵路職工的艾滋病知識、態度和行為(KAP)的基本情況,為開展健康教育及干預措施提供依據。方法:采用整群抽樣方法對530名鐵路職工進行自填式問卷調查。結果:有效問卷502份。對艾滋病傳播途徑的認知率達到80%以上,但對艾滋病的非傳播途徑認知水平較低。對艾滋病治療方面的知識較為欠缺(認知率在22.31%～57.77%)。對于安全性行為的正確認知率為48.01%,正確使用安全套的認知率為69.92%。對艾滋病感染者或患者的態度正向選擇率為58.16%。不同文化程度對艾滋病態度的差異有顯著性(Plt;0.01)。 結論:鐵路職工艾滋病相關防治知識認知水平較低,應加強艾滋病知識、態度和行為的相關健康教育。
目的:分析艾滋病患者抗病毒治療后的臨床療效,比較不同基線CD4+T淋巴細胞計數增長情況。方法:納入51例符合治療標準的初治患者,采用國家標準抗病毒治療一線方案和衛生部統一提供的免費藥物,通過對服藥后半月、1月、3月、6月、12月的時段進行臨床評估和實驗室檢查,并比較不同基線CD4+T淋巴細胞計數水平治療后的增長情況。結果:治療12月后,各方案組療效無差異,不同基線CD4+T淋巴細胞計數的增長有顯著差異。毒副反應為肝損傷、過敏性皮疹,消化道反應為主。結論:HAART可顯著的抑制體內HIV病毒的復制,重建機體的免疫功能,緩解患者病情,有利于存活期的延長。嚴重的毒副作用發生較少。
ObjectiveTo systematically review the effects of condom use before and after AIDS behaviour intervention among Chinese unlicensed prostitutes. MethodsDatabases such as PubMed, The Cochrane Library (Issue 5, 2014), VIP, WanFang Data and CNKI were searched to collect nationally/internationally-published before-after studies about the effects of condom use before and after aids behaviour intervention among Chinese unlicensed prostitutes up to June 1st, 2014. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality of included studies. Then meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.0 software. ResultsA total of 26 studies were finally included. The results of meta-analysis showed that:significant differences were found at two points of "use condoms in the latest sex behaviour" (RR=0.76, 95%CI 0.72 to 0.82, P<0.05) and "use condoms every time in the latest month" (RR=0.61, 95%CI 0.53 to 0.70, P<0.05) before and after intervention. ConclusionAIDS behaviour intervention can significantly promote condom use in Chinese unlicensed prostitutes, which is effective in the prevention of AIDS.
ObjectiveTo analyze the clinical characteristics of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) complicated with intracranial infection and to explore the nursing countermeasures. MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical features, laboratory examination indexes, and nursing methods of 12 AIDS patients complicated with intracranial infection between January and December 2010. ResultsIn the 12 patients, 8 were male, 4 were female; 11 were married and 1 was unmarried. The first symptom of headache occurred in 8 patients, and feverin 4 patients. Detection of HIV-1P24 antigen in all the 12 patients with HIV was positive for nucleic acid analysis. After treatment and symptomatic care, 3 cases were cured, 3 quit the treatment voluntarily, 2 improved patients were transferred to a higher-level hospital, 3 patients were readmitted to our hospital after improvement of the situation, and 1 patient died. ConclusionThe most common symptom of AIDS was neural disease. The diagnosis should be based on clinical manifestations, and the epidemiological data should be used as reference. At the same time, attention should be paid to the admission assessment and good occupation protection, health education promotion, improvement of patients' quality of life, and reduction of the incidence of complications and mortality rate.
ObjectivesTo evaluate the effects of short message service (SMS) intervention for improving antiretroviral treatment adherence in HIV patients by meta-analysis.MethodsDatabases including PubMed, EMbase, CINAHL, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP and CBM were searched electronically from January 2000 to December 2018 to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the efficacy of SMS intervention on HIV patients. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias of included studies. Then, meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software.ResultsA total of 10 RCTs with 2 411 patients were included. The meta-analysis showed that SMS intervention could improve significantly treatment adherence of HIV patients (RR=1.11, 95%CI 1.03 to 1.20, P<0.01). The subgroup analysis showed that weekly texting had an effect on treatment adherence (RR=1.15, 95%CI 1.00 to 1.33, P<0.05); personal sending (RR=1.17, 95%CI 0.99 to 1.38, P=0.06) and daily sending (RR=1.02, 95%CI 0.83 to 1.26, P=0.84) of SMS had no statistical significance on treatment adherence; the intervention duration of 6 months (RR=1.11, 95%CI 1.00 to 1.23, P=0.05) could improve the treatment adherence, while the intervention duration of 12 months (RR=1.07, 95%CI 0.98 to 1.17, P=0.13) had no statistical difference on treatment adherence; there was no statistical difference in CD4+ cell count before and after treatment (WMD=4.18, 95%CI ?39.33 to 47.69, P=0.85).ConclusionsBy comparing SMS intervention with routine nursing, sending SMS weekly for 6 months to remind HIV patients to take medicine can improve treatment adherence. Due to the limitation of quantity and quality of the included studies, the above conclusions are required to be assessed by more high-quality studies.
目的 總結成都市某男男性行為人群（MSM）中人類免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染者合并其他傳染病的情況，為科學防治艾滋病提供依據。 方法 2010年1月－12月，采用網絡、現場、活動場所收發調查問卷，用Excel統計結果數據。 結果 共調查104例艾滋病患者，合并肝炎感染者11例（10.58%），其中乙肝病毒感染者8例（7.69%），丙肝病毒感染者3例（2.88%）；合并性傳播疾病感染61例（58.65%），其中梅毒感染26例（25%），尖銳濕疣感染者17例（16.35%），生殖器皰疹感染者10例（9.62%），淋病感染者2例（1.92%），沙眼衣原體感染者4例（3.85%），生殖道支原體感染者2例（1.92%）；合并真菌感染者87例（62.14%），其中耶氏肺孢子菌感染者6例（5.77%），馬爾尼菲青霉菌感染者2例（占1.92%），隱球菌感染者5例（4.81%），組織胞漿菌1例（0.96%）；合并結核感染者23例（22.12%）及非結核分枝桿菌3例（2.88%）；病毒感染14例（13.46%），全部為水痘-帶狀皰疹病毒感染；寄生蟲感染（弓形蟲）1例（0.96%）。 結論 在MSM人群中HIV患者性傳播疾病感染比例高；真菌感染率高；結核感染率高；HCV感染和弓形蟲感染率低。