ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the relationship between the-2548G/A polymorphism in the leptin gene and antipsychotic-induced weight gain (AIWG). MethodsLiterature for the relationship between the-2548G/A polymorphism in the leptin gene and AIWG was retrieved in electronic databases including PubMed, EMbase, CNKI and WanFang Data from establishment dates to June, 2013. Two reviewers independently screened studies according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data and evaluated the methodological quality of the included studies. Then meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.2 software. ResultsA total of 7 case-control studies were included, involving 404 AIWG cases and 508 controls (patients with no significant changes of weight after taking antipsychotic drugs). The results of meta-analysis showed that, regarding the total population, the-2548G/A polymorphism of the leptin gene was not associated with AIWG (OR=1.16, 95%CI 0.70 to 1.93, P=0.57). After stratification analysis, according to Chinese or non-Chinese origin, the results showed that significant association was found between the-2548G/A polymorphism of leptin gene and AIWG for Chinese (OR=2.15, 95%CI 1.41 to 3.26, P=0.000 4) but not for non-Chinese (OR=0.69, 95%CI 0.45 to 1.07, P=0.10). ConclusionThe current evidence suggests that the-2548G/A polymorphism in the leptin gene is associated with increased risk of AIWG for Chinese. Due to limited quantity of the included studies, the aforementioned conclusion needs to be further validate by more high-quality and large-scale studies.
Objective To investigate whether antipsychotic drugs will increase the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and pulmonary embolism (PE), and to provide evidence for the prevention of VTE and PE in patients with APs exposure. Methods Databases including PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP and Elsevier were searched from inception to July 2016 to collect case-control studies and cohort studies on the association between APs exposure and the risk of VTE and PE. The literature were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the data were extracted and the bias risk of the included studies were evaluated by two reviewers independently. The Meta-analysis was performed by using Stata 12 software. Results Nineteen studies were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that APs exposure was associated with VTE (OR=1.50, 95%CI 1.30 to 1.74,P<0.001). Exposure to low-potency FGA (OR=2.28, 95%CI 1.02 to 5.10,P=0.045), high-potency FGA (OR=1.68, 95%CI 1.37 to 2.05,P<0.001) and SGA (OR=1.74, 95%CI 1.24 to 2.44,P=0.001) revealed an increased risk of VTE. Exposure to APs also signi?cantly increase the risk of PE (OR=3.69, 95%CI 1.23 to 11.07,P=0.02), especially exposure to FGA (OR=2.54, 95%CI 1.22 to 5.32,P=0.013), but exposure to SGA could not revealed an increased risk of PE. Conclusion FGA and SGA exposure maybe associated with an increase in the risk of developing VTE. And exposure to the FGA could increase the risk of PE. The occurrence of VTE and PE should be monitored when taking Aps.
Speech feature learning is the core and key of speech recognition method for mental illness. Deep feature learning can automatically extract speech features, but it is limited by the problem of small samples. Traditional feature extraction (original features) can avoid the impact of small samples, but it relies heavily on experience and is poorly adaptive. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a deep embedded hybrid feature sparse stack autoencoder manifold ensemble algorithm. Firstly, based on the prior knowledge, the psychotic speech features are extracted, and the original features are constructed. Secondly, the original features are embedded in the sparse stack autoencoder (deep network), and the output of the hidden layer is filtered to enhance the complementarity between the deep features and the original features. Third, the L1 regularization feature selection mechanism is designed to compress the dimensions of the mixed feature set composed of deep features and original features. Finally, a weighted local preserving projection algorithm and an ensemble learning mechanism are designed, and a manifold projection classifier ensemble model is constructed, which further improves the classification stability of feature fusion under small samples. In addition, this paper designs a medium-to-large-scale psychotic speech collection program for the first time, collects and constructs a large-scale Chinese psychotic speech database for the verification of psychotic speech recognition algorithms. The experimental results show that the main innovation of the algorithm is effective, and the classification accuracy is better than other representative algorithms, and the maximum improvement is 3.3%. In conclusion, this paper proposes a new method of psychotic speech recognition based on embedded mixed sparse stack autoencoder and manifold ensemble, which effectively improves the recognition rate of psychotic speech.
ObjectiveTo explore the influence factors of therapeutic compliance and emotional expression of first-degree relatives in acute schizophrenic patients with psychotic symptoms. MethodsThe Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) was used to measure the severity of psychotic symptoms in sixty schizophrenic patients from June to September 2014 in West China Hospital and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) was used to survey the emotional expression in their family members. The homemade treatment adherence scale was used to survey the treatment adherence in patients for one week. ResultsThere was a poor therapeutic compliance in nineteen patients with acute schizophrenia (32%) and the other 41(68%) had good therapeutic compliance; the relatives of schizophrenic patients had high TAS scores (male: 67.61±10.03; female: 69.68±11.46) than the normal models did (P ＜ 0.05) . The differences between the patients with different therapeutic compliance in BPRS total score, reactivator, hostile and suspicion factor (P ＜ 0.05) . The therapeutic compliance was related to the severity of the psychotic symptoms (P ＜ 0.05) . Conclusions There is a bad emotional expression in the relatives of acute schizophrenic patients. The psychotic symptoms can influence the therapeutic compliance. The milder the psychotic symptoms, the better the therapeutic dependence.
ObjectivesTo systematically review the clinical efficacy and safety of antipsychotics for delirium. MethodsDatabases including The Cochrane Library (Issue 5, 2015), PubMed, MEDLINE, EMbase, CNKI, VIP and WanFang Data were electronically searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about antipsychotics compared with placebo/blank for delirium from inception to May 2015. We also hand-searched related conference proceedings and references of included studies for additional studies. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Then, meta-analysis was conducted by using RevMen 5.3 software. ResultsA total of 7 RCTs involving 712 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that there were no significant differences between the antipsychotics group and the placebo/blank group in mortality (RR=1.00, 95%CI 0.90 to 1.10, P=0.99), duration of delirium (MD=-1.53, 95%CI -4.95 to 1.89, P=0.38), length of stay (MD=-0.89, 95%CI -7.69 to 5.90, P=0.80), and ICU stay time (MD=-3.70, 95%CI -15.83 to 8.43, P=0.55). Compared with the placebo/ blank group, the antipsychotics could reduce the severity of delirium (SMD=-1.62, 95%CI -2.32 to -0.93, P<0.000 01). ConclusionCurrent evidence shows that the efficacy of antipsychotics in the treatment of delirium is not clear. Due to the limited quantity and quality of the included studies, the above conclusion needs to be further verified by more high quality studies.
Objective To compare the incidence of social function disorders in head injury patients with and without craniocerebral injury and to explore the value for mental identification. Methods SDSS (Social Disability Screening Schedule), GAF (Global Assessment Function) and GAS (Global Assessment Scale) instruments were used to test the social function of 56 patients without craniocerebral injury and 55 patients with craniocerebral injury. Results One hundred and eleven patients with head injury were included and identified as head injury with or without craniocerebral injury by CT or MRI. The incidence of social function deficit, tested by using SDSS instrument, was 33.9% (19/56) in patients without craniocerebral injury and 45.5% (25/55) in patients with craniocerebral injury respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (χ2=1.544, P=0.214). This was also no statitical difference in both GAS group (t=0.021, P=0.983) and GAF group (t=0.391, P=0.697). Conclusions The limited evidence showed that the incidence of social function deficit of the head injury patients combined with craniocerebral injury is higher than those who without craniocerebral injury, but the difference between the two groups has no statistically significant difference.We could not detect a difference in the incidence of social deficit between those head injury patients with or without craniocerebral injury ones.