目的:比較七氟醚吸入麻醉和丙泊酚、瑞芬太尼靜脈麻醉用于小兒手術的臨床效果。方法:100例1～8歲的患兒隨機分為丙泊酚、瑞芬太尼組(A組)與七氟醚吸入組(B組）。麻醉誘導后,A組持續輸注丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼維持麻醉,B組吸入七氟醚維持麻醉。術中根據生命體征調整丙泊酚、瑞芬太尼的輸注速度及七氟醚的吸入濃度,記錄術中循環變化、術后麻醉恢復情況。結果:與B組相比,A組術中MAP下降明顯(Plt;005)。結論:與A組相比,B組術中生命體征控制平穩;術后清醒迅速、完全、平穩,拔管時間無明顯差異。
目的 探討丙泊酚-瑞芬太尼對肝臟缺血再灌注損傷的保護作用以及作用機制。 方法 2009年6月－2011年12月選擇擇期需阻斷肝門的肝臟手術患者40例，隨機分為丙泊酚-瑞芬太尼組（P組）和異氟醚組（I組），每組20例。在術前（T0）和肝門阻斷開放后30 min（T1）、60 min（T2）、6 h（T3）、24 h（T4）、72 h（T5）分別抽取動脈血，測定天冬氨酸氨基轉移酶（AST）、丙氨酸氨基轉移酶（ALT）和腫瘤壞死因子α（TNF-α）的含量。 結果 兩組AST、ALT、TNF-α較術前均有增高，差異有統計學意義（P＜0.05）；P組增高幅度明顯低于I組，差異有統計學意義（P＜0.05）。 結論 丙泊酚-瑞芬太尼對肝臟缺血再灌注損傷具有保護作用，抑制TNF-α的產生可能為其作用機制之一。
目的:觀察等效劑量瑞芬太尼和芬太尼誘導氣管插管對小兒血流動力學的影響。方法:40例擇期行全麻患兒隨機分為瑞芬太尼組和芬太尼組,麻醉誘導使用咪唑安定0.15mg/kg、丙泊酚2.5mg/kg、芬太尼2.5μg/kg或瑞芬太尼2μg/kg和維庫溴銨0.1mg/kg。分別于麻醉誘導前(T0)、誘導后2min(T1)、插管后1、2min(T2、T3)記錄心率、收縮壓和舒張壓。結果:兩組誘導前血流動力學指標相似。與T0時比較,兩組患兒T1時收縮壓、舒張壓均降低(Plt;0.05或Plt;0.01),心率均減慢(Plt;0.05或Plt;0.01);瑞芬太尼組T2.T3時收縮壓、舒張壓降低(Plt;0.05或Plt;0.01),心率減慢(Plt;0.05);芬太尼組T2、T3時收縮壓、舒張壓升高(Plt;0.05),心率增快(Plt;0.05)。與芬太尼組比較,瑞芬太尼組T1、T2和T3時收縮壓、舒張壓均降低(Plt;0.05),心率減慢(Plt;0.05)。結論:瑞芬太尼比等效劑量芬太尼能更好地抑制小兒全麻誘導氣管插管時的心血管反應。
目的 探討丙泊酚復合瑞芬太尼在患者清醒狀態下實施無痛腸鏡法的可行性。 方法 2011年7月－2012年7月，將160例行無痛腸鏡檢查的患者隨機分為兩組: A組用芬太尼復合丙泊酚麻醉,其中男38例，女42例，平均年齡（48 ± 16）歲，平均體重（53.37 ± 9.5）kg；B組以阿托品0.25～0.5 mg緩慢靜脈注射，繼而以瑞芬太尼+丙泊酚復合液緩慢靜脈滴注，使患者保持清醒狀態，其中男43例，女37例，平均年齡（49 ± 15）歲，平均體重（54.26 ± 8.3）kg。觀察兩組患者檢查中血壓、心率、呼吸、血氧飽和度變化，檢查中體動反應，檢查后蘇醒時間、定向力恢復、行走時間、離室時間，以及對檢查過程的記憶情況。 結果 兩組患者均能順利完成檢查，術中記憶率均低，差異無統計學意義（P＞0.05）。A組患者循環改變、心動過緩、低氧血癥、以及體動反應明顯高于B組（P＜0.05），B組患者蘇醒時間、定向力恢復、行走時間、離室時間，明顯短于A組（P＜0.05）。 結論 瑞芬太尼-丙泊酚復合液伍用阿托品能夠安全應用于患者清醒狀態下實施的無痛腸鏡檢查，具有良好的臨床推廣價值。
【摘要】 目的 觀察在腹腔鏡膽囊切除術中，氯胺酮超前鎮痛對瑞芬太尼麻醉后急性疼痛的影響。 方法 2009年10月-2010年1月，將擇期行腹腔鏡膽囊切除術患者90例，隨機分為對照組（C組）、氯胺酮超前鎮痛組（K組）、氯胺酮術畢鎮痛組（K1組），每組30例。所有患者均采用瑞芬太尼復合丙泊酚靜脈麻醉，K組在切皮前靜脈給予氯胺酮0.5 mg/kg，K1組在關腹前靜脈給予氯胺酮0.5 mg/kg，C組不給予任何藥物。記錄術畢患者麻醉恢復情況，各時間點疼痛程度。 結果 K組、K1組躁動發生率均明顯低于C組（Plt;0.05）；術后2、4、8、24 h，K組VAS評分及鎮痛藥使用率明顯低于C組和K1組（Plt;0.05）。 結論 氯胺酮超前鎮痛能明顯降低瑞芬太尼術后疼痛，并且不增加并發癥發生率。【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the preemptive analgesia of ketamine on remifentanil induced acute postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods Ninty patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy between october 2009 to Jannary 2010 were randomly assigned to three groups (n=30). Group K was administrated with 0. 5 mg/kg ketamine intravenously before skin incision, and Group K1 were administrated with 0. 5 mg/kg ketamine intravenously before abdominal closure, while Group C received nothing. The recovery and the side effects were recorded, the VAS at two, four, eight and 24 hours after surgery, and the use of anodyne were recorded. Results The incidence of restlessness in Groups K and K1 was remarkably lower than that of Group C (Plt;0. 05). The analgesic effects two, four, eight and 24 hours after surgery were obviously better in group K than those of Group C and Group K1 (Plt;0. 05). Conclusion Ketamine can produce preemptive analgesia to relieve remifentanil-induced acute pain, and it would not increase incidence of side effects.
目的:對照研究在全麻剖宮產術中應用瑞芬太尼和氯胺酮誘導對母嬰的影響。方法:選擇100例禁忌椎管內麻醉而須行全麻剖宮產手術的患者,分為兩組,氯胺酮組靜注異丙酚1.5mg/kg+氯胺酮1mg／kg+琥珀膽堿1.5mg／kg;瑞芬太尼組靜注異丙酚1.5mg/kg+瑞芬太尼1μg/kg+琥珀膽堿1.5mg／kg誘導插管,胎兒娩出后均靜注芬太尼2g／kg、泵注異丙酚3mg/(kg·h)和吸入異氟醚0.5MAC維持麻醉,阿曲庫銨維持肌松。結果:瑞芬太尼組插管(切皮)后血壓、心率升高幅度顯著小于氯胺酮組,兩組新生兒1min、5min Apgar評分無明顯差異。結論:瑞芬太尼用于產科全麻優于氯胺酮,安全可行。
The present study was to investigate the effects of infusing remifentanil-poly-caprolactone (REM-PCL) through the abdominal aorta on spinal cord ischemia reperfusion injury (SCIRI). The model of SCIRI was created by clamping the infrarenal aortic in thirty-six New Zealand white rabbits, which were randomly divided into sham group (group S), control group (group C), and REM-PCL group (group R) with 12 rabbits in each one. The spinal cord microcirculatory blood flow (SCMBF) and blood flow rate (BFR) were monitored before ischemia, 15 min, 30 min, 60 min and 120 min after reperfusion, respectively. Neurologic Function was evaluated before ischemia, 6h, 12h and 24h after reperfusion. The concentration of serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE), interleukin-lβ (IL-lβ) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were monitored before ischemia, 45 min after ischemia, 30 min, 60 min, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h after reperfusion. The abnormal rate of motor neuron of spinal cord tissues and the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD), reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), malondialdehyde (MDA), total anti-oxidation capacity (T-AOC) and mitochondrial swelling degree (MSD) in neural mitochondria were determined before ischemia, 45 min after clamping, 60 min and 120 min after reperfusion. As a result, the neural mitochondrial SOD, GSH-PX and T-AOC decreased while ROS, MDA, MSD, IL-lβ, IL-8 and NSE distinctly increased after clamping of the abdominal aorta as compared to the value before ischemia in group C (P < 0.01). Neurologic function scores recovered more rapidly in group R than those in group C during reperfusion (P < 0.01). The neural mitochondrial SOD, GSH-PX and T-AOC were distinctly higher while ROS, MDA, MSD, IL-lβ, IL-8 and NSE were distinctly lower in group R than those in group C (P < 0.01). The abnormal rate of motor neuron was significantly higher in group C during reperfusion than that in group R (P < 0.01). It has been shown that the intra-aortic REM-PCL infusion can alleviate SCIRI by inhibiting inflammatory response and improving mitochondrial anti-oxidation capacity.
【摘要】 目的 確定在不同濃度七氟醚復合瑞芬太尼誘導無肌松氣管插管時瑞芬太尼的半數有效量（ED50）。 方法 2009年7月-2009年11月擇期手術患者60例，ASA I~II，年齡20~59歲，按照入室的順序隨機分為Ⅰ組（2%七氟醚組）和Ⅱ組（3%七氟醚組），預沖8%七氟醚誘導，眼瞼反射消失后，調節七氟醚呼氣末濃度分別維持在2%或3%，同時按照序貫法注入瑞芬太尼，瑞芬太尼注射90 s后氣管插管。記錄麻醉誘導前、患者意識消失時、插管前1 min、插管后1 min及插管后3 min心率、平均動脈壓的變化。 結果 2%、3%的七氟醚復合瑞芬太尼誘導氣管插管時瑞芬太尼的半數有效量（ED50）及其相對應的95%可信區間分別為0.585 μg/kg及0.533～0.626 μg/kg和0.492 μg/kg及0.451～0.572 μg/kg。 結論 2%、3%的七氟醚復合瑞芬太尼誘導氣管插管時瑞芬太尼的半數有效量及其相對應的95%可信區間分別為0.585 μg/kg及0.533～0.626 μg/kg和0.492 μg/kg及0.451～0.572 μg/kg。【Abstract】 Objective To determine the half effective dose (ED50) of remifentanil dose for tracheal intubation without neuromuscular relaxant in adult when combined with different concentration of sevoflurane. Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ to Ⅱ adult aged 20 to 59 years old, scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia were enrolled in this study between July 2009 to November 2009. All patients were ranged randomly into Group Ⅰ (2% sevoflurane) and Group Ⅱ (3% sevoflurane).Anesthesia was induced with 8% sevoflurane in 100% oxygenat at 6 L/min.After the loss of eyelash reflex, remifentanil was injected over 30 s, end-tidal sevoflurane concentration 2% or 3% was maitained. The dose of remifentanil was determined by up-and-down method. In 90 s after the end of bolus administration of remifentanil, the trachea was intubated. Mean blood pressure and heart rate were recorded at anaesthetic induction, the loss of eyelash reflex, before, in 1 min and 3 min after intubation. Results ED50 values (95% confidence intervals)of remifentanil for tracheal intubation during 2% and 3% sevoflurane induction without neuromuscular relaxant were 0.585 μg/kg and 0.533 - 0.626 μg/kg, and 0.492 μg/kg and 0.451 - 0.572 μg/kg, respectively. Conclusion ED50 values (95% confidence intervals)of remifentanil for tracheal intubation 2% and 3% sevoflurane induction without neuromuscular relaxant are 0.585 μg/kg (0.533 - 0.626 μg/kg) and 0.492 μg/kg (0.451 - 0.572 μg/kg), respectively.
ObjectiveTo study the feasibility of using propofol and remifentanil for tracheal intubation in patients who are awake, and investigate the influence of tracheal intubation on such vital signs as blood pressure and heart rates. MethodsEighty ASA I-Ⅱ patients who underwent general anesthesia in our hospital between December 2012 and April 2013 were randomly divided into two groups. Patients in group A received fentanyl-propofol, while patients in group B received remifentanyl-propofol-lidocaine. There was no significant difference between the two groups in gender, age, and body weight (P>0.05). Conventional intubation induction method was used for group A:0.05-0.10 mg/kg midazolam, 4 μg/kg fentanyl, 1.0-1.5 mg/kg propofol, and 0.6-0.9 mg/kg atracurium were given and tracheal intubation was performed after muscle relaxation. Group B patients were treated with remifentanyl propofol-lidocaine compound liquid slow intravenous injection, and compound cricothyroid membrane puncture method before endotracheal intubation. We observed the two groups of patients for vital signs before and after induction, and choking cough reactions. ResultsPatients in both the two groups were all able to complete tracheal intubation. Circulation change and incidence of tachycardia in patients of group A were significantly higher than those in group B (P<0.05). The rates of bradycardia, hypoxemia, and choking cough response were low in both groups with no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). ConclusionRemifentanyl propofol-lidocaine compound liquid can be safely used for implementation of endotracheal intubation in patients who are awake, and the hemodynamic stability can be maintained.