The present study was to investigate the effects of infusing remifentanil-poly-caprolactone (REM-PCL) through the abdominal aorta on spinal cord ischemia reperfusion injury (SCIRI). The model of SCIRI was created by clamping the infrarenal aortic in thirty-six New Zealand white rabbits, which were randomly divided into sham group (group S), control group (group C), and REM-PCL group (group R) with 12 rabbits in each one. The spinal cord microcirculatory blood flow (SCMBF) and blood flow rate (BFR) were monitored before ischemia, 15 min, 30 min, 60 min and 120 min after reperfusion, respectively. Neurologic Function was evaluated before ischemia, 6h, 12h and 24h after reperfusion. The concentration of serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE), interleukin-lβ (IL-lβ) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were monitored before ischemia, 45 min after ischemia, 30 min, 60 min, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h after reperfusion. The abnormal rate of motor neuron of spinal cord tissues and the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD), reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), malondialdehyde (MDA), total anti-oxidation capacity (T-AOC) and mitochondrial swelling degree (MSD) in neural mitochondria were determined before ischemia, 45 min after clamping, 60 min and 120 min after reperfusion. As a result, the neural mitochondrial SOD, GSH-PX and T-AOC decreased while ROS, MDA, MSD, IL-lβ, IL-8 and NSE distinctly increased after clamping of the abdominal aorta as compared to the value before ischemia in group C (P < 0.01). Neurologic function scores recovered more rapidly in group R than those in group C during reperfusion (P < 0.01). The neural mitochondrial SOD, GSH-PX and T-AOC were distinctly higher while ROS, MDA, MSD, IL-lβ, IL-8 and NSE were distinctly lower in group R than those in group C (P < 0.01). The abnormal rate of motor neuron was significantly higher in group C during reperfusion than that in group R (P < 0.01). It has been shown that the intra-aortic REM-PCL infusion can alleviate SCIRI by inhibiting inflammatory response and improving mitochondrial anti-oxidation capacity.
目的:探討甲狀腺手術中氟比洛芬酯對丙泊酚—瑞芬太尼麻醉效果的影響。方法:將210例擇期丙泊酚—瑞芬太尼麻醉下行甲狀腺手術患者隨機分為對照組和氟比洛芬酯組,每組105例。于切皮前30 min,對照組靜脈注入等量生理鹽水10mL,氟比洛芬酯組經靜脈注入氟比洛芬酯注射液100 mg。分別記錄患者麻醉前10 min (T0)、切皮時(T1)、切皮后10 min (T2)、切除腺體時 (T3)以及拔管時 (T4) 的血流動力學 (SBP、DBP、HR) 的變化以及術后口述描述評分(VRS)。結果:與對照組比較, 氟比洛芬酯組T14時SP、DP均降低,兩組差別有統計學意義(Plt;005)。氟比洛芬酯組離開手術室時無痛率明顯高于對照組,兩組差別有統計學意義(Plt;005)。結論:氟比洛芬酯對丙泊酚—瑞芬太尼麻醉下行甲狀腺手術患者血流動力學影響小,且減輕術后疼痛,術后恢復更為舒適。
【摘要】 目的 比較瑞芬太尼、丙泊酚、艾司洛爾用于支撐喉鏡手術氣管插管時患者的心血管反應。 方法 選取2009年1-3月就診的60例擬于全身麻醉下行擇期支撐喉鏡下聲帶息肉切除術的患者，隨機分為丙泊酚組、艾司洛爾組和瑞芬太尼組，每組20例。麻醉誘導采用咪達唑侖、芬太尼和丙泊酚，患者意識消失后給予琥珀膽堿。1 min后各組分別給予丙泊酚2 mg/kg、艾司洛爾1 mg/kg和瑞芬太尼1 μg/kg。30 s后進行氣管插管。記錄患者誘導前及插管前、插管后1、3、5 min的心率和血壓水平。 結果 各組插管前的收縮壓和心率較誘導前明顯降低，插管后1、3 min的收縮壓和心率較插管前升高（Plt;0.05)。丙泊酚組和艾司洛爾組插管后的收縮壓較瑞芬太尼組升高（Plt;0.05)。丙泊酚組插管后心率較瑞芬太尼組增加（Plt;0.05)。 結論 對行支撐喉鏡手術的患者，氣管插管前30 s給予1 μg/kg瑞芬太尼較2 mg/kg丙泊酚和1 mg/kg艾司洛爾能更有效地減輕氣管插管時的血流動力學反應。【Abstract】 Objective To assess the different effects of remifentanil, propofol, and esmolol on hemodynamic responses during intubation in CO2 laser endolaryngeal microsurgery (CO2-LELM). Methods A total of 60 patients aged from 18 to 65 years, admitted from January to March 2009 and scheduled to undergo elective CO2-LELM under general anesthesia for treatment of vocal cord polyp were randomly assigned to a propofol group, an esmolol group, and a remifentanil group. Anesthesia was induced with midazolam (0.015-0.02 mg/kg), fentanyl (1 μg/kg), and propofol (1 mg/kg). After the patients became unconscious, succinylcholine (1 mg/kg) was given one minute later. Then the patients in the three groups received propofol (2 mg/kg), esmolol (1 mg/kg), and remifentanil (1 μg/kg), respectively. Intubation was performed 30 secconds later. Heart rate (HR) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were measured noninvasively before general anesthesia induction (baseline, Tb), just before intubation(Ti), and one, three, and five minutes after intubation (T1, T3, T5). Results The demographic data including age, sex and body weight were comparable in the three groups. Tracheal intubation caused significant increases in SBP and HR in all groups compared with Ti (Plt;0.05). After intubation, SBP in the propofol group and the esmolol group were significantly higher than that in remifentanil group (Plt;0.05), and HR in the propofol group was significantly higher than that in the remifentanil group (Plt;0.05). Conclusion In patients with CO2-LELM, remifentanil (1 μg/kg) administrated 30 seconds before intubation is maximal effective compared with propofol (2 mg/kg) or esmolol (1 mg/kg) in attenuating the hemodynamic responses to oraltracheal intubation.
【摘要】 目的 觀察在腹腔鏡膽囊切除術中，氯胺酮超前鎮痛對瑞芬太尼麻醉后急性疼痛的影響。 方法 2009年10月-2010年1月，將擇期行腹腔鏡膽囊切除術患者90例，隨機分為對照組（C組）、氯胺酮超前鎮痛組（K組）、氯胺酮術畢鎮痛組（K1組），每組30例。所有患者均采用瑞芬太尼復合丙泊酚靜脈麻醉，K組在切皮前靜脈給予氯胺酮0.5 mg/kg，K1組在關腹前靜脈給予氯胺酮0.5 mg/kg，C組不給予任何藥物。記錄術畢患者麻醉恢復情況，各時間點疼痛程度。 結果 K組、K1組躁動發生率均明顯低于C組（Plt;0.05）；術后2、4、8、24 h，K組VAS評分及鎮痛藥使用率明顯低于C組和K1組（Plt;0.05）。 結論 氯胺酮超前鎮痛能明顯降低瑞芬太尼術后疼痛，并且不增加并發癥發生率。【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the preemptive analgesia of ketamine on remifentanil induced acute postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods Ninty patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy between october 2009 to Jannary 2010 were randomly assigned to three groups (n=30). Group K was administrated with 0. 5 mg/kg ketamine intravenously before skin incision, and Group K1 were administrated with 0. 5 mg/kg ketamine intravenously before abdominal closure, while Group C received nothing. The recovery and the side effects were recorded, the VAS at two, four, eight and 24 hours after surgery, and the use of anodyne were recorded. Results The incidence of restlessness in Groups K and K1 was remarkably lower than that of Group C (Plt;0. 05). The analgesic effects two, four, eight and 24 hours after surgery were obviously better in group K than those of Group C and Group K1 (Plt;0. 05). Conclusion Ketamine can produce preemptive analgesia to relieve remifentanil-induced acute pain, and it would not increase incidence of side effects.
目的 探討丙泊酚復合瑞芬太尼在患者清醒狀態下實施無痛腸鏡法的可行性。 方法 2011年7月－2012年7月，將160例行無痛腸鏡檢查的患者隨機分為兩組: A組用芬太尼復合丙泊酚麻醉,其中男38例，女42例，平均年齡（48 ± 16）歲，平均體重（53.37 ± 9.5）kg；B組以阿托品0.25～0.5 mg緩慢靜脈注射，繼而以瑞芬太尼+丙泊酚復合液緩慢靜脈滴注，使患者保持清醒狀態，其中男43例，女37例，平均年齡（49 ± 15）歲，平均體重（54.26 ± 8.3）kg。觀察兩組患者檢查中血壓、心率、呼吸、血氧飽和度變化，檢查中體動反應，檢查后蘇醒時間、定向力恢復、行走時間、離室時間，以及對檢查過程的記憶情況。 結果 兩組患者均能順利完成檢查，術中記憶率均低，差異無統計學意義（P＞0.05）。A組患者循環改變、心動過緩、低氧血癥、以及體動反應明顯高于B組（P＜0.05），B組患者蘇醒時間、定向力恢復、行走時間、離室時間，明顯短于A組（P＜0.05）。 結論 瑞芬太尼-丙泊酚復合液伍用阿托品能夠安全應用于患者清醒狀態下實施的無痛腸鏡檢查，具有良好的臨床推廣價值。
目的:對照研究在全麻剖宮產術中應用瑞芬太尼和氯胺酮誘導對母嬰的影響。方法:選擇100例禁忌椎管內麻醉而須行全麻剖宮產手術的患者,分為兩組,氯胺酮組靜注異丙酚1.5mg/kg+氯胺酮1mg／kg+琥珀膽堿1.5mg／kg;瑞芬太尼組靜注異丙酚1.5mg/kg+瑞芬太尼1μg/kg+琥珀膽堿1.5mg／kg誘導插管,胎兒娩出后均靜注芬太尼2g／kg、泵注異丙酚3mg/(kg·h)和吸入異氟醚0.5MAC維持麻醉,阿曲庫銨維持肌松。結果:瑞芬太尼組插管(切皮)后血壓、心率升高幅度顯著小于氯胺酮組,兩組新生兒1min、5min Apgar評分無明顯差異。結論:瑞芬太尼用于產科全麻優于氯胺酮,安全可行。
Objective To systematically review the clinical effectiveness and safety of sufentanil-propofol versus remifentanil-propofol during total intravenous anesthesia for neurosurgery. Methods Databases including The Cochrane Library (Issue 3, 2013), the database of the Cochrane Anesthesia Group, MEDLINE, EMbase, PubMed, Ovid, Springer, CNKI, VIP and WanFang Data were electronically searched from inception to May 2013 for the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of sufentanil-propofol versus remifentanil-propofol during total intravenous anesthesia for neurosurgery. Two reviewers independently screened literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data, and assessed the quality of included studies. Then, meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.1 software. Results Thirteen trials involving 647 patients were finally included. The results of meta-analysis showed that: a) for hemodynamic changes, MAP decreased in the remifentanil-propofol group after induction and decreased 5 minutes after intubation, but no significant difference was found between the two groups; the two groups were alike in MAP changes during craniotomy and extubation, and in HR changes after induction, 5 minutes after intubation, during craniotomy and extubation, with no significant difference. b) The result of intra-operative wake-up test showed that, there was no significant difference in the sedative effect and the time of awaking between the two groups. c) For emergence time and extubation time, compared with the sufentanil-propofol group, emergence time and extubation time were significantly shorter than those in the remifentanil-propofol group. d) For side effects, there was no significant difference in side effects (such as post-operative nausea, vomiting, respiratory depression, restlessness, chills and hypotension) between the two groups. And e) for post-operative pain, compared with the remifentanil-propofol group, post-operative 1-h and 2-h VAS were lower and the number of who need additional analgesic drugs within 24 h after operation was less in the sufentanil-propofol group, with significant differences. Both groups used the similar dosage of propofol with no significant difference. Conclusion Compared with the remifentanil-propofol group, hemodynamics changes in the sufentanil-propofol group is steadier after induction and during intubation. Patients in the sufentanil-propofol group are better in postoperative awakening quality. But they are alike in the incidence of side effects and propofol dosage.
ObjectiveTo study the feasibility of using propofol and remifentanil for reduction of shoulder joint dislocation in the conscious elderly patients, and compare its efficacy with brachial plexus block anesthesia. MethodsSeventy elderly patients (American Sociaty of Anesthesiologist physical statusⅠ-Ⅱ) who underwent shoulder dislocation reduction in our hospital between August 2011 and December 2013 were randomly divided into two groups, each group having 35 cases. Patients in group A received brachial plexus nerve block anesthesia downlink gimmick reset, while patients in group B received the use of remifentanil-propofol and lidocaine compound liquid intravenous drop infusion for anesthesia downlink manipulative reduction. After successful anesthesia, two groups of patients were treated with traction and foot pedal method (Hippocrates) to reset. We observed the two groups of patients in the process of reduction, and recorded their hemodynamic changes, reset time, discharge time, postoperative satisfaction, intra-operative memory, breathing forgotten (breathing interval was longer than 15 seconds) and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, and then comparison was made between the two groups. ResultsPatients in both the two groups successfully completed manipulative reduction. Compared with group A, patients in group B had more stable hemodynamic indexes during the process of reduction, shorter reduction time, better anesthesia effect and higher postoperative satisfaction degree, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in terms of time of leaving the operation room between the two groups (P>0.05). VAS score was higher in group A than that in group B (P<0.05). The occurrence of intra-operative memory amnesia and breathing forgotten phenomenon existed in part of the patients after operation in group B, but they did not occur in patients in group A. ConclusionRemifentanyl propofol-lidocaine compound fluid can be safely used in conscious elderly patients for shoulder joint dislocation reconstructive surgery, and it functions quickly with complete analgesia and stable hemodynamic indexes.
【摘要】 目的 確定在不同濃度七氟醚復合瑞芬太尼誘導無肌松氣管插管時瑞芬太尼的半數有效量（ED50）。 方法 2009年7月-2009年11月擇期手術患者60例，ASA I~II，年齡20~59歲，按照入室的順序隨機分為Ⅰ組（2%七氟醚組）和Ⅱ組（3%七氟醚組），預沖8%七氟醚誘導，眼瞼反射消失后，調節七氟醚呼氣末濃度分別維持在2%或3%，同時按照序貫法注入瑞芬太尼，瑞芬太尼注射90 s后氣管插管。記錄麻醉誘導前、患者意識消失時、插管前1 min、插管后1 min及插管后3 min心率、平均動脈壓的變化。 結果 2%、3%的七氟醚復合瑞芬太尼誘導氣管插管時瑞芬太尼的半數有效量（ED50）及其相對應的95%可信區間分別為0.585 μg/kg及0.533～0.626 μg/kg和0.492 μg/kg及0.451～0.572 μg/kg。 結論 2%、3%的七氟醚復合瑞芬太尼誘導氣管插管時瑞芬太尼的半數有效量及其相對應的95%可信區間分別為0.585 μg/kg及0.533～0.626 μg/kg和0.492 μg/kg及0.451～0.572 μg/kg。【Abstract】 Objective To determine the half effective dose (ED50) of remifentanil dose for tracheal intubation without neuromuscular relaxant in adult when combined with different concentration of sevoflurane. Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ to Ⅱ adult aged 20 to 59 years old, scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia were enrolled in this study between July 2009 to November 2009. All patients were ranged randomly into Group Ⅰ (2% sevoflurane) and Group Ⅱ (3% sevoflurane).Anesthesia was induced with 8% sevoflurane in 100% oxygenat at 6 L/min.After the loss of eyelash reflex, remifentanil was injected over 30 s, end-tidal sevoflurane concentration 2% or 3% was maitained. The dose of remifentanil was determined by up-and-down method. In 90 s after the end of bolus administration of remifentanil, the trachea was intubated. Mean blood pressure and heart rate were recorded at anaesthetic induction, the loss of eyelash reflex, before, in 1 min and 3 min after intubation. Results ED50 values (95% confidence intervals)of remifentanil for tracheal intubation during 2% and 3% sevoflurane induction without neuromuscular relaxant were 0.585 μg/kg and 0.533 - 0.626 μg/kg, and 0.492 μg/kg and 0.451 - 0.572 μg/kg, respectively. Conclusion ED50 values (95% confidence intervals)of remifentanil for tracheal intubation 2% and 3% sevoflurane induction without neuromuscular relaxant are 0.585 μg/kg (0.533 - 0.626 μg/kg) and 0.492 μg/kg (0.451 - 0.572 μg/kg), respectively.
目的:比較瑞芬太尼聯合異丙酚或依托咪酯全麻在腹腔鏡婦科手術中的臨床效果。方法:擇期腹腔鏡婦科手術80例,隨機分成瑞芬太尼異丙酚組(RP組)和瑞芬太尼依托咪酯組(RE組),各40例。兩組全麻誘導用藥相同,維持麻醉RP組采用瑞芬太尼聯合異丙酚、RE組采用瑞芬太尼聯合依托咪酯。記錄基礎值、誘導后、插管后1 min、3 min、氣腹時、氣腹后10、20、30、40 min的動脈收縮壓(SBP)、舒張壓(DBP)、心率(HR);記錄停藥至自主呼吸恢復、睜眼、拔除氣管導管、恢復定向能力的時間;記錄清醒即刻及清醒后1、2、4、8、12、16、20、24 h患者疼痛程度,采用VAS評分;記錄24 h內不良反應發生情況。 結果: 兩組SBP、DBP均在誘導后明顯低于基礎值(Plt;001), 插管后恢復,氣腹開始后趨于平穩;兩組HR均在誘導后減慢(Plt;001),插管后及氣腹開始時恢復。RP組自主呼吸恢復、呼之能睜眼、拔除氣管導管及恢復定向能力的時間均明顯短于RE組(Plt;001)。麻醉清醒即刻、清醒后1、2、4、8 h VAS評分RE組明顯低于RP組(Plt;005),12、16、20、24 h VAS評分兩組比較無顯著性差異(Pgt;005)。術后發生惡心嘔吐患者數RP組明顯減少(Plt;005)。 結論:全麻行腹腔鏡婦科手術時,瑞芬太尼聯合異丙酚或依托咪酯都能緩解氣腹及手術引起的血流動力學變化,瑞芬太尼聯合異丙酚術后蘇醒快且能明顯降低術后惡心嘔吐的發生率,但術后疼痛較為嚴重。