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脈絡膜轉移癌10例

單孔胸腔鏡治療單側氣胸合并對側肺大泡療效分析Effect of uniportal thoracoscopic surgery for unilateral pneumothorax with contralateral pulmonary bullae

目的 探討單孔胸腔鏡治療單側氣胸合并對側肺大泡的安全性、有效性及實用性。 方法 回顧性分析內江市第一人民醫院 2012 年 1 月至 2015 年 7 月單孔胸腔鏡手術治療 46 例單側氣胸合并對側肺大泡患者的臨床資料，其中男 29 例、女 17 例，年齡 15～34 歲。術前均經高分辨薄層 CT 檢查證實為單側氣胸合并對側肺大泡，同期行雙側手術。 結果 全組患者均順利完成手術，無嚴重并發癥及死亡病例。術后隨訪 1～36 個月，共有 3 例患者復發，其中氣胸側 2 例（4.35%），肺大泡側 1 例（2.17%）。 結論 單孔胸腔鏡治療單側氣胸合并對側肺大泡創傷小、安全、有效，能顯著降低對側氣胸發生率。

Effects of Anxious Condition on Asthma Symptom Burden and Asthma Control in Elderly Asthma Patients in Primary Care Settings

Objective To study the effects of anxious condition on asthma symptom burden and asthma control in elderly asthma patients in primary care settings. Methods Totally 128 elderly asthma patients were recruited in this study. The patients were required to fill in the questionnaire，then the score of asthma control test （ACT） and Hamilton anxious meter（HAMA） were calculated. Risk factors of anxious condition were analyzed by logistic analysis. Results The ACT scores in the anxious patients were significantly lower than those of the non-anxious patients [17.45±3.14 vs. 21.45±2.37，Plt;0.05）. The patients with lower incoming and more complications had more severe anxious condition，lower asthma control level，and more asthmatic medications. Meanwhile the latter conditions also increased the incidence of anxiety in the elderly asthma patients significantly （Plt;0.05）. Conclusions The elderly asthma patients in primary care settings are also complicated with anxiety，and the anxious condition can significantly increase asthma symptom burden and decrease asthma control level.

Treatment of chest disease with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in municipal Hospital

Objective To explore the safety, feasibility and learning curve of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS) in treatment of thoracic diseases. Method We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 591 patients of thoracic surgery in our hospital between September 2009 and September 2016. There were 378 males and 213 females at age of 14–82 years. Result All patients were successfully completed surgery. Twelve patients converted to open chest with conversion rate of 2.0%. Postoperative complications occurred in 24 patients (4.1%). Four patients died during the perioperative period, and mortality rate was 0.7%. The learning curve of VATS for lung cancer was about 25 patients. And the learning curve of video-assisted laparoscopy for resection of esophageal cancer was about 15 patients. Conclusion VATS is safety and feasible for the chest disease patients in municipal hospital, and is worthy to popularize.

The Role of Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide in Pathogenesis of Esophageal Varices in Portal Hypertension with Cirrhosis

【摘要】　目的　研究降鈣素基因相關肽（calcitonin gene related peptide， CRGP）在肝硬化門靜脈高壓癥患者食管下段胃底靜脈曲張中的作用。　方法　以2005年1月－2010年8月46例肝硬化門靜脈高壓癥不同程度食管下段胃底靜脈曲張患者作為研究對象，并按食管下段胃底靜脈曲張嚴重程度分為輕度曲張組、中度曲張組、重度曲張組，以30例行胃腸疾病手術無肝病患者作為對照。術中水柱法測定門靜脈壓力；酶聯免疫吸附法測定門靜脈血中CGRP含量。　結果　對照組及輕、中、重度曲張組門靜脈壓力分別為（14.8±2.1）、（30.5±2.5）、（44.3±3.2）、（47.6±3.8） cm H2O（1 cm H2O=0.098 kPa）。門靜脈血中CGRP的含量分別為（45.4±5.4）、（69.2±7.2）、（93.6±8.7）、（98.2±9.4） pg/mL。對照組門靜脈壓力及CGRP含量明顯低于其他3組（Plt;0.05），在輕度曲張組明顯低于中度和重度曲張組（Plt;0.05），中度和重度曲張組之間差異無統計學意義（Pgt;0.05）。　結論　CRGP在肝硬化門靜脈高壓癥食管下段胃底靜脈曲張的發生和發展中起重要作用，CGRP可作為反映食管靜脈曲張程度的一種有用指標。【Abstract】　Objective　To investigate the role of calcitonin gene related peptide (CRGP) in pathogenesis of esophageal varices in portal hypertension with cirrhosis.　Methods　from January 2005 to August 2010, 46 patients with portal hypertension and cirrhosis at different degrees of esophageal varices were divided into mild varicose group, moderate varicose group and severe varicose group according to the severity of esophageal varices. The patients who underwent gastrointestinal surgery without liver disease were as the control. Portal vein pressure was detected by mercury during the surgery. The expression of CGRP was assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.　Results　The portal pressure was (14.8±2.1), (30.5±2.5), (44.3±3.2), and (47.6±3.8) cm H2O (1 cm H2O=0.098 kPa) in the control group and the mild, moderate and severe varicose group, respectively. Those CGRP content in the portal vein was (45.4±5.4), (69.2±7.2), (93.6±8.7), and (98.2±9.4) pg/mL, respectively. CGRP content and portal vein pressure were the lowest in control group, which were significantly lower than those in the other three groups (Plt;0.05); which were also significantly lower in mild varicose group than those in the moderate and severe esophageal varices group (Plt;0.05), while no statistic difference between moderate and severe esophageal varices group was found (Plt;0.05).　Conclusion　CGRP plays an important role in the occurrence and development of portal hypertension with cirrhosis concurrent esophageal varices, and it may serve as a useful indicator reflecting the degree of esophageal varices.

Clinical value between axillary thoracotomy and video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy in the treatment of patients with lung cancer

Objective To compare the subaxillary small incision thoracotomy (SSIT) with video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) for patients with lung cancer. Methods Retrospective analysis of 142 patients with lung cancer in Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Neijiang from January 2014 to April 2016 was conducted. There were 86 males and 56 females, aged 40-77 years. Patients were divided into a VATS group (n=72) and a SSIT group (n=70). The following postoperative data were evaluated: operation time, number of dissected lymph nodes, intraoperative bleeding, postoperative chest drainage volume, drainage duration, postoperative ambulation time, average hospital stay, postoperative complications, hospitalization cost, early postoperative incision pain (visual analogue scale, VAS) and other indicators. Results There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the operation time (120.8±20.4 minvs. 126.2±21.6 min,P=0.124), the dissected lymph node (11.1±2.0vs. 11.4±1.9,P=0.333) and the postoperative complications rate (13.9% vs. 15.7%, P=0.759). Laparoscopic intraoperative bleeding and postoperative drainage volume were significantly less in the VATS group than those in the SSIT group (123.2±26.9 mlvs. 156.4±24.0 ml,P<0.001; 227.0±75.5 mlvs. 334.3±89.1 ml,P<0.001). Postoperative drainage duration, postoperative ambulation time and hospital stay were shorter in the VATS group than those in the SSIT group (2.5±0.5 dvs. 3.1±0.6 d, 1.5±0.5 dvs. 2.2±0.6 d, 6.5±0.5 dvs. 7.4±0.6 d, allP<0.001). The average hospitalization cost of the VATS group was significantly higher than that of the SSIT group (42 338.9±8 855.7 yuanvs. 32 043.7±7 178.1 yuan,P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the operation cost and anesthesia cost between the two groups (P>0.05). The early postoperative pain of laparoscopic group was less, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion The hospitalization cost of the SSIT is lower than that of thoracic surgery, which may be beneficial to the appilication in primary hospitals.

Preliminary experience of uniportal thoracoscopic surgery for benign thoracic diseases without chest tube placement after surgery

目的 介紹胸部良性疾病經單孔胸腔鏡切除術后免胸腔引流管的臨床經驗。 方法 回顧性分析 2015 年 10 月至 2016 年 10 月我院胸外科 17 例行單孔胸腔鏡手術患者的臨床資料，其中男 9 例、女 8 例，年齡 33.8（17～58）歲。行肺大皰切除術 7 例，肺楔形切除術 9 例，交感神經烙斷術 1 例。 結果 所有患者均經單孔胸腔鏡手術有效切除，期間無中轉開胸或再次開操作孔，術后不放置胸腔引流管，手術時間為（60.3±8.2）min，術中出血量為（15.2±5.1）ml，術后第 1 d、2 d、3 d 疼痛視覺模擬評分（VAS） 為 6.5±2.2，5.8±2.1，3.5±1.3，術后舒適度評分分別為 8.6±1.3，術后早期下床活動時間為（1.0±0.3）d，切口甲級愈合率 100.0%。17 例患者均無心律失常、肺部感染等并發癥，術后隨訪 6 個月氣胸均無復發。 結論 合理選擇及嚴格基線評估，胸部良性疾病經單孔胸腔鏡切除術后免胸腔引流管是安全可行的，可能有利于患者術后快速康復。

合并癌肉瘤的雙原發性肺癌二例報告并文獻復習

A predictive model of lymph node metastasis after thoracoscopic surgery for lung adenocarcinoma with a diameter≤3 cm

ObjectiveTo predict the probability of lymph node metastasis after thoracoscopic surgery in patients with lung adenocarcinoma based on nomogram. MethodsWe analyzed the clinical data of the patients with lung adenocarcinoma treated in the department of thoracic surgery of our hospital from June 2018 to May 2021. The patients were randomly divided into a training group and a validation group. The variables that may affect the lymph node metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma were screened out by univariate logistic regression, and then the clinical prediction model was constructed by multivariate logistic regression. The nomogram was used to show the model visually, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve and clinical decision curve to evaluate the calibration degree and practicability of the model. ResultsFinally 249 patients were collected, including 117 males aged 53.15±13.95 years and 132 females aged 47.36±13.10 years. There were 180 patients in the training group, and 69 patients in the validation group. There was a significant correlation between the 6 clinicopathological characteristics and lymph node metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma in the univariate logistic regression. The area under the ROC curve in the training group was 0.863, suggesting the ability to distinguish lymph node metastasis, which was confirmed in the validation group (area under the ROC curve was 0.847). The nomogram and clinical decision curve also performed well in the follow-up analysis, which proved its potential clinical value. ConclusionThis study provides a nomogram combined with clinicopathological characteristics, which can be used to predict the risk of lymph node metastasis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma with a diameter≤3 cm.

超長腓腸神經營養血管蒂逆行島狀皮瓣移位修復足底軟組織皮膚缺損

目的 總結超長腓腸神經營養血管皮瓣的血供特點及修復足底皮膚軟組織缺損的臨床效果。 方法 2003年1月～2005年 11月，臨床應用3例，根據缺損部位大小、距離，保留外踝上7.5～8.5 cm處直徑較粗大的腓動脈肌間隔皮支（或脛后動脈肌皮支），并以此處作為皮瓣旋轉點，在國窩處設計超長的筋膜蒂皮瓣，功能皮瓣大小范圍9.0 cm×8.5 cm～15.0 cm×9.0 cm，等腰三角形皮瓣大小為16.5 cm×4.5 cm。逆行移位修復足底處皮膚缺損，3例皮瓣筋膜蒂長度均在16 cm以上。 結果 術后3例皮瓣均成活,創面修復效果好，隨訪1～6個月，傷肢外形及功能恢復滿意，皮瓣感覺基本恢復，足底負重行走及耐磨功能正常。兩點辨別覺6～9 mm。 結論 保留位于外踝上7.5～8.5 cm處較粗大的筋膜蒂穿支血管，切取位于窩處的逆行筋膜皮瓣，血供可靠，可修復較長距離的足底、足背皮膚軟組織缺損。