In the rescue that follows a major natural disaster, blood donation is a unique, necessary method to assist the injured. To achieve effective assurance of the blood supply for medical rescue in an orderly fashion, the current procedure must be adjusted by using scientific prediction, analysis, and adaptation. After the process of ensuring the blood supply for medical rescue during the Wenchuan Earthquake, the Ministry of Health of China, with great efforts, continues to investigate and reflect upon the application of the above principals during actual practice. Objectively, these efforts will lead to better results and establish a standard supplying blood during a disaster rescue.
摘要:目的:探討地震傷員中膝關節損傷的機制、類型及處理方法。 方法:對我院收入住院的2728例 5·12汶川特大地震傷員傷情特點進行分析,篩選出有膝關節損傷的病例進行分析。 結果: 膝關節損傷前三位分別是髕骨骨折(42.15%)、脛骨平臺骨折(21.05%)、股骨髁骨折(13.16%),這與人們在地震時奔跑摔傷以及被房屋倒塌砸傷有很大關系。結論:地震后膝關節損傷其發病率、受傷機制、損傷類型、合并傷情況及治療處理均有其特點,總結這些特點和規律將對地震傷膝關節損傷患者的處理產生積極作用。Abstract: Objective: To investigate the knee joint injury mechanisms, types and treatment of the earthquake wounded. Methods: Analysis the characteristics of the 2728 cases of West China Hospital from 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake wound, screen out the cases of knee joint injury. Results: Patellar fracture (42.15%),tibial plateau fracture(21.05%), femoral condyle fracture (13.16%), were the top three of knee joint injuries, which have a great relationship with falling down and (or) injured by collapsed houses when people were running in the earthquake. Conclusion: After the earthquake the knee joint damages its disease incidence rate, is injured the mechanism, the damage type, the merge wound situation and treatment processing has its characteristic, will summarize these characteristics and the rule damages patient’s processing to the earthquake wound knee joint to have the positive role.
This article introduces the measures that the scientific research base of West China Hospital has taken in its emergent response to the unexpected huge Wenchuan earthquake disaster, including safe evacuation, safety examination and removal of hidden dangers, damage reporting and a series of subsequent measures.
Objective To investigate the curative effect of facility negative pressure closed drainage on wounds in earthquake. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the data of 35 patients treated by facility negative pressure closed drainage after debridement in earthquake. The same category patients treated by conventional therapy as the control group. Results Time of facility negative pressure closed drainage was 6-12 days, average 7.5±1.8 days. The woundswere all cured. The wounds closure were performed with skin grafting in 24, with secondary suturing in 4, with regionalflap transposition in 5, and with cross leg flap in 2. There were significant differences in time of secondary closure, timesof dressing and the total time of hospitalization between two groups (Plt;0.01). And there was a significant difference incurative effect of skin grafting between two groups (Plt;0.05). Conclusion Facility negative pressure closed drainage on treating wounds in earthquake is a simple, safe method, and has significant curative effect.
Objective To evaluate the effect of urgent psychological crisis intervention for 148 patients who were transferred to other provinces to receive treatment after the Wenchuan earthquake. Methods We randomly selected 148 patients from the disaster area who received treatment in The Third Hospital of Mianyang City and then transferred to other provinces. A self-designed questionnaire, SAS, and SDS scales were administered to all patients 7 days and 1 day before their transfer. After the initial assessment, all patients received urgent psychological interventions including catharsis, leading, explanation, and cognition reconstruction. Results After psychological intervention, both the full score and the standardized score of SAS and SDS declined significantly (Plt;0.01). Conclusion Earthquake sufferers who were transferred to other provinces to receive treatment had psychological problems. Crisis psychological intervention may have improved their psychological status effectively.
摘要:目的: 了解綿竹市社區衛生服務系統震后現狀,同時分析社區醫療震后居民滿意度和社區衛生服務機構震后災害干預能力,以期為社區衛生服務體系地震應急恢復和重建提供參考意見。 方法 :采用隨機抽樣的方法,抽取綿竹市劍南社區衛生服務中心和天河社區衛生服務中心進行訪談,采取方便抽樣的方法,抽取24‰的綿竹城區居民采用面對面訪談的方式用自制問卷進行調查,并用Epidata30 進行數據錄入、SPSS130進行統計分析。 結果 :共發放問卷240份,收回有效問卷229份(有效回收率954%)。當地社區衛生服務系統在地震中受損嚴重。社區衛生服務系統災后工作居民滿意度為454%,社區衛生服務機構對居民進行抗災/防災知識教育的比例為336%,災后是否有持續而足夠的常見病藥品供應及是否有持續而足夠的慢性病藥品供應是影響當地居民對當地社區衛生服務體系災害應急工作的滿意度的影響因素(P 值分別是0033,0001)。 結論 :震后社區衛生服務居民滿意度較低,服務體系地震災害干預能力不足。居民在在災前接受抗災教育的比例較低,加強藥品儲備能提高社區衛生機構災害應急工作的效果。在社區衛生服務體系重建的過程中,應注重社區醫療基礎工作的恢復,基礎設施的重建和健全社區急救體系。Abstract: Objective: To investigate the reality of community health service system after earthquake in Mianzhu, the satisfaction of community residents to the community health service as well as the postdisaster emergency response capability of community hospital in order to provide decisionmaking suggestions on better reconstruction of community health service system. Methods : Jiannan and Tianhe community hospital were randomly selected for visiting and 24‰ of community residents in the city zone of Mianzhu were selected by convenience sampling for a facetoface interview using a questionnaire. Data entry and statistically analysis were completed by Epidata30 and SPSS130 respectively. Results :A total of 240 questionnaires were conducted to facetoface interviews, and 229 questionnaires were returned (response rate 954%).The community health service system was badly injured. Residents’ satisfactory degree of the community health service after earthquake was 454%. The proportions of disaster / disaster prevention education was 336%,medicine supply for familiar diseases and the chronic were the main factors which influenced judgements of residents to the emergency response capabilities of community hospitals(〖WTBX〗P =0033,P=0001,respectively). Conclusion :The community health services after earthquake had not been widely satisfied and the emergency response capability of community hospital was far from enough. The proportions of disaster / disaster prevention education were far from enough. The effectiveness of emergency response work of community hospitals can be enhanced by reinforcing medicine preparation.In the course of the reconstruction, community health service system should pay attention to the resumance of basic community health service,reconstruction of basic establishment and construction of firstaid system.
目的：分析汶川地震致脊髓損傷患者的病情特點。方法：對35例地震致脊髓損傷患者進行回顧性調查。結果：地震造成的這35例脊髓損傷患者在性別、年齡無明顯差異，完全性損傷占42.86%，不完全損傷占57.14%。主要致傷原因為壓榨傷（68.57%）。骨折部位依次為腰椎（57.14%）、胸椎（28.57%）、頸椎（11.43%）。受傷時體位60%為屈曲位。31.43%的完全性損傷患者由非專業救援人員救出。結論：35例患者脊髓損傷程度普遍較重，主要是與地震當時巨大沖擊力有關，也與受災現場救援條件嚴重受限，錯過最佳治療時機有關。現場的急救、救援方式對患者的傷情和預后有重要影響，因此需要大力宣傳和普及災害后搶救傷員的基本知識。
Objective To assess the impact of earthquake magnitude scale on injury characteristics of patients admitted to an earthquake rescue hospital，and provide references for rescue strategy formulation and medical resourceallocation. Methods We retrospectively analyzed clinical data of patients injured in 2008 “5 ? 12” Wenchuan earthquakeand 2013 “4 ? 20” Lushan earthquake who were admitted to West China Hospital of Sichuan University. Patient gender，age，time of admission，mechanisms，types and severity of injury and their prognosis were compared between the 2 groups.Results A total of 1 856 patients who were injured in Wenchuan earthquake，including 974 male and 882 female patients with their age of 45.8±22.7 years，and 316 patients who were injured in Lushan earthquake，including 174 male and 142 female patients with their age of 43.0±23.1 years，were enrolled in our study. No significant difference was found in genderor age between these 2 groups （P＞0.05）. Peak time of admission of Wenchuan earthquake patients was significantlylater than that of Lushan earthquake patients，and transfer duration of Wenchuan earthquake patients was significantly longerthan that of Lushan earthquake patients. The percentage of patients with crash injury of heavy objects or buried trauma ofWenchuan earthquake patients was significantly higher than that of Lushan earthquake patients. Injury severity and in-hospitalmortality of Wenchuan earthquake patients were significantly higher than those of Lushan earthquake patients. The proportionof patients with chest or cerebral injury of Lushan earthquake patients was significantly higher than that of Wenchuanearthquake patients. Conclusions Earthquake magnitude scale has a significant influence on mechanisms，types andseverity of injury of patients injured in earthquakes，as well as their timely transfer，management and prognosis. In earthquakeswith a comparatively lower magnitude scale，more thoracic surgeons and neurosurgeons are needed to ensure timelymanagement for patients with chest or cerebral injury.
During the medical rescue of Wenchuan earthquake, West China Hospital immediately shifted to the two-track emergent system mode. More works have been done in time to cure and treat those critically ill patients effectively and to protect the medical safety of patients. The Activated Contingency Plans for major disasters have been started up to evacuate safely those mild patients in the hospital,to prevent out of danger and other accidents. More works have done on the identification of the injured or patients to improve the accuracy and strictly implement the "three investigations and seven right" system to prevent a wrong operation, or a wrong prescription, or a wrong transfusion. We have worked carefully on the referral the wounded, to referr the wounded to those Hospitals in Chengdu or other province and to prevent security incidents.
Objective To discuss how to improve organization and management of first-aid nursing during the rescue work. Methods Data about the wounded patients in the Emergency Department of our hospital were collected from 12 to 21 May, 2008. The relevant information concerning the interventions and effects of the organization of first-aid nursing was analyzed. Results In the first ten days after the quake, 1 766 wounded patients were received and treated in the Emergency Department. The results of post-evaluation showed that the rescue work was successful including the first-aid path, rationality of the rescuer dispatch, management of the medical resources, collection of the patients information, and high-quality nursing. Conclusion Effective organization and management of first-aid nursing guarantee the rescue work.