Objective To review the up-to-date development of overseas cl inical study on exercise therapy for patients with knee osteoarthritis. Methods The cl inical researches of exercise therapy for knee osteoarthritis were summarized by reviewing l iterature concerned in recent years. Results Exercise therapy was extensively used in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis not only in hospital but also in community rehabil itation abroad. The main patterns of exercise therapy included muscle strengthening exercise, aerobic exercise and underwater exercise. It was capable of effectively improving patient’s independent l iving abil ity and l ive qual ity, and postproning the time of surgical intervention. But the long-term efficacy of exercise therapy was still under debate. Conclusion Exercise therapy is an effect method to treat knee osteoarthritis.
目的:了解ICU病房地震傷員的功能障礙的特點,為臨床康復治療提供依據。方法:運動功能評定應用MMT方法;運用關節角度尺評定關節活動度(ROM);利用被動關節活動法評定肌張力、痙攣評定選用改良的Ashworth分級法;坐位平衡和站位平衡采用平衡反應試驗評定;日常生活活動(ADL)能力選用國際通用的Barthel指數量表評定。由我科研究生作為評定人員。結果:①ICU病房地震傷員以骨折患者為主,占70%,神經系統損傷占20%,擠壓綜合癥和肺挫傷各占5%;②女性骨折比例高于男性,為11∶3;神經系統損傷沒有多大差異;截肢和癱瘓的患者中,男性高于女性,比例分別為4∶1和3∶2;肺部感染以女性更為明顯,為7∶1;③47.6%的地震傷員關節活動受限(評定21人),93.3%的肌力下降(評定15人),15.8%肌張力下降(評定19人),36.8%肌張力增高(評定19人),30.0%的坐位平衡下降(評定10人),96.4%站立平衡下降;④ADL能力100%受限(評定20人),其中洗澡、修飾、如廁、平地行走45 m、上下樓梯受限均為100%,95%地震傷員進食能力下降,90%穿衣能力受限,35%大便失禁,60%小便控制能力下降,多數使用導尿管,95%地震傷員床椅轉移能力下降;⑤40%出現肺部感染。結論:關節活動度受限、肌力下降、肌張力異常、平衡功能障礙、ADL能力受限及肺部感染是ICU地震傷員主要功能障礙。早期康復介入、維持和改善關節活動度、肌力訓練、減張和牽伸訓練、平衡訓練、呼吸訓練、站立和行走訓練及ADL能力訓練應當作為康復治療的基本原則和方法。